阻尼层对水下圆柱壳辐射声场的去耦特性影响

基于模态叠加法,采用Navier方程描述阻尼层,建立敷设粘弹性阻尼层的水下圆柱壳振动声辐射模型。与数值计算结果比对,验证了计算模型的可靠性。分析圆柱壳的径向均方振速和辐射声功率,研究了粘弹性阻尼层对水下圆柱壳辐射声场的去耦特性影响。结果表明,粘弹性阻尼层的径向均方振速频响曲线可以分作三个频段,当频率较高时,粘弹性阻尼层能降低辐射声功率;与壳体厚度相比,阻尼层厚度对阻尼层去耦特性的影响更大。     

温度对敷有阻尼层的铝型材声学性能的影响

为了研究温度变化对敷有黏弹性阻尼层的高速列车车体铝型材结构声学性能的影响,建立高速列车车体铝型材隔声和振动声辐射计算模型,其中100 Hz~500 Hz中低频段采用混合有限元-统计能量分析法(FE-SEA),630Hz以上高频段采用统计能量分析法(SEA)。基于试验测试数据,考虑黏弹性材料温变特性对其杨氏模量和阻尼损耗因子的影响。通过数值模型,研究不同温度条件下铝型材隔声量及振动声辐射性能的变化,分析温度对敷有阻尼层的铝型材声学性能的影响。结果显示:温度的影响主要集中在共振区及1 600 Hz以上的高频段。阻尼层在10℃~50℃环境中,即处于黏流态时对铝型材声学性能的优化作用较好,但在10℃以下环境中敷设阻尼层的降噪效果将有所减弱。     

水下圆柱壳声辐射有源力控制及机理分析

研究了利用力激励进行水下有限长圆柱壳振动声辐射有源控制问题。考虑流固声振耦合作用,根据圆柱壳辐射声功率在周向相互解耦的特性,推导了次级力源最优强度解析表达式,比较了单个力和多个力有源控制后的降噪效果;利用圆柱壳结构振动模态和声辐射模态的对应关系,分析了圆柱壳声辐射有源力控制的物理机理。研究结果表明:多个次级力更能有效地控制壳体产生声辐射的振动部分而达到控制噪声的目的;水下圆柱壳的前几阶声辐射模态的辐射效率很高,而辐射模态幅度较低,有源控制机理在于降低与结构振动模态对应的声辐射模态幅度,从而有效控制结构振动产生的声辐射。     

双层圆柱壳振动传递及近场声辐射特性研究

水下加筋圆柱壳体振动和声辐射是近年来研究的一个热点问题。文章从实验和数值计算两个方面,对水下加筋双层圆柱壳的振动传递及声辐射进行了研究。实验模型表面敷设了隔声去耦材料,分为四种工况:双壳全敷设、内全敷设、外全敷设、外部分敷设,对单频激振时内外壳体间的振动传递以及各工况下的近场声压进行了分析。结果表明,托板在内外壳的振动传递中起着较大的作用,内外壳全部敷设隔声去耦材料对抑制振动和声辐射最有效。为了减小托板对振动及声辐射的影响,提出了复合托板结构,即在托板上添加方钢结构,并对含复合托板的圆柱壳声学特性进行了数值研究,表明方钢在中高频段能有效降低壳体的振动及声辐射。     

阻尼处理对水下弹性壳体振动声辐射影响分析

利用有限元软件ANSYS和边界元软件SYSNOISE对水下弹性壳体在不同阻尼处理下受激振动与声辐射特性作了数值计算分析研究,讨论了粘弹性阻尼厚度及敷设方式对水下弹性壳体振动声辐射特性的影响,研究表明：阻尼处理可以有效的降低结构的辐射声功率,阻尼层的厚度不是越厚越好,要结合激励力的频谱特性和壳体的振动特性来选择合适的厚度,敷设方式内粘自由阻尼层要比外粘减振效果好.     

水下结构去耦覆盖层的动力吸振器效应研究

去耦覆盖层的低频减振降噪是水下结构声辐射的一个难点问题。采用模态分解法和粘弹性阻尼流体传递矩阵模型,建立了敷设去耦覆盖层的四端简支撑矩形板水下振动和声辐射模型。分析了去耦覆盖层的减振降噪特性,研究了去耦覆盖层的物理参数(如杨氏模量、损耗因子、密度等)对板的均方振速和辐射声功率的影响规律。研究结果表明:对于板的单个振动模态,板-去耦覆盖层-流体系统可看作是一个两自由度系统,它具有两个共振频率和一个反共振频率,去耦覆盖层会引入类似动力吸振器的效应;针对具体结构,通过合理调整去耦覆盖层的参数,能够充分利用动力吸振器效应,有效降低水下结构低频振动与声辐射。     

水下加筋圆柱壳声辐射特性分析的改进精细传递矩阵法

基于Flügge壳体振动理论,将改进精细传递矩阵法应用于水下加筋柱壳声辐射问题的求解;通过应用加法定理和增量存储,改进非齐次项求解方法,构造了加筋圆柱壳的辐射噪声改进精细传递矩阵法。分析了边界条件、结构损耗因子、流体介质以及壳体厚度对加筋圆柱结构声辐射的影响。研究表明,当边界条件从自由、简支到刚固,结构对外辐射声压逐渐降低;随着结构损耗因子的增大,结构对外辐射声压大体上逐渐降低。     

敷设声学材料的声呐平台结构振动声辐射计算分析

采用有限元/边界元方法对声呐平台结构振动声辐射进行了理论研究。首先根据声学材料不同的减振降噪机理对其进行了合理的等效处理和简化建模,然后计算了声呐平台敷设不同阻尼和吸声特性声学材料的振动与声辐射特性。研究表明:声学材料的阻尼性能可以通过复合损耗因子等效,吸声性能可以通过设置边界特性阻抗来近似实现;声呐平台结构敷设阻尼和吸声材料有利于减小平台振动和降低自噪声;声学材料的吸声系数越大越有利于降低声呐平台自噪声,这对声呐平台自噪声预报和控制提供了重要的理论指导和参考价值。     

周期性粘弹性复合圆柱壳的功率流

在振动和噪声控制工程中,人们广泛使用各种粘弹性阻尼材料,并将它们粘贴在结构上减少结构振动和噪声.本文研究在圆柱壳上周期性粘贴阻尼材料后,该复合圆柱壳中的波传播和功率流.分析结果表明阻尼层的刚度和损耗因子极大地影响圆柱壳中的波传播和功率流.对相同体积的阻尼材料,增加阻尼层的厚度可比增加阻尼层的长度更有利于减少功率流.     

壳间连接介质对双层壳声辐射性能的影响

研究了不同壳间连接介质的加筋双层壳的振动声辐射特性.基于Flügge壳体理论和Helmholtz波动方程,求解了双壳体声-流体-结构耦合方程,计算了有限长双层壳体在径向点激励下的声功率和振动速度级.结果表明,水层的耦合作用随频率的增高而降低,托板的耦合作用随频率的增高而增加,托板在内、外壳的振动传递中起着较大的作用.为了减小托板对振动及声辐射的影响,提出了阻尼托板结构,即在托板上添加阻尼材料,对含阻尼托板的圆柱壳声学特性进行了数值研究.结果表明,在中高频段,阻尼有效抑制了振动能量的传递,壳体的辐射声压明显降低,这对水下结构的减振降噪设计具有重要的参考意义.     

Interaction between a liquid and a cylindrical body touching a wall

An exact solution is obtained for the problem of interaction between the ideal liquid homogeneously moving at infinity and streamlining a round cylinder touching a solid wall.     

Stress analysis of a strip with a step and a crack

Stress analysis for a strip of which widths are different at the right and left handsides is carried out for before and after occurrence of a crack at a corner of a step. The strip is analyzed as a thin plate bending problem subject to transverse bending and torsion, and as a plane eleastic problem subject to bending in the plane and uniaxial tension. The rational mapping function of a sum of fractional expressions and complex variable method are used. Stress distribution and stress intensity factors are obtained.     

Calculation of a transient in a two-pole network with a thermistor

An analytical expression is derived which describes the variation of the thermistor temperature during a relay-effect transient process following an instantaneous change in the supply voltage in an R — R_T two-pole network.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 38, No. 3, pp. 465–472, March, 1980.     

Imaging a point to a line with a single spherical mirror

Methods for imaging a single point source to a line image are discussed, and a design study of single spherical mirror systems that form aberration-free line images is presented. An expression forthe ray density along the line image is derived for such systems in the cases of (i) uniform beam profiles and (ii) Gaussian beam profiles. The resulting ray density profiles are illustrated for single spherical mirror systems over a wide range of design parameters.     

Influence lines for bending under a ring load of a free shell,a shell embedded in a soft medium and a shell containing a soft core

Summary Theoretical expressions for stresses and displacements have been derived for bending under a ring load of a free shell, a shell embedded in a soft medium, and a shell containing a soft core. Numerical work has been done for typical cases with anElliot 803 Digital Computer and influence lines are drawn therefrom.

---

Einflußlinien für die Biegung einer freien Schale, einer Schale in einer weichen Bettung und einer Schale mit weichem Kern

Zusammenfassung Für die Biegung einer freien Schale, einer weich gebetteten Schale und einer Schale mit weichem Kern unter einer Ringlast werden Ausdrücke für die Spannungen und Verschiebungen hergeleitet. Die Ergebnisse wurden für einige typische Fälle mit einem DigitalrechnerElliot 803 numerisch ausgewertet. Die sich ergebenden Einflußlinien wurden graphisch dargestellt.

---

Nomenclature A (),B () Functions of - a, t Mean radius and thickness of the shell - E _S , _S Young's modulus andPoisson's ratio of the shell - G _c , _c Shear modulus andPoisson's ratio of the casting or core - I ₀ (r),I ₁ (r) ModifiedBessel functions of the first kind and order zero and one respectively - K ₀ (r),K ₁ (r) ModifiedBessel functions of the second kind and order zero and one respectively - p Ring load, lb/in - U, W Displacement components in the casing or core in thez andr direction - u, w Displacement components of a middle surface point in the shell - _r , _rz Radial and shearing stress components - Independent variable of infinite integrals - k [3(1–S ²)a ²/t ²]^1/4 With 13 Figures     

Analysis of a Premature Failure of a Hub from a Diesel Generator of a High-Speed Motor Ship

Failure analysis is carried out on a fractured hub obtained from a diesel generator of a high-speed motor ship. Macrofractography, microfractography, standard optical metallography, material characterization techniques, and numerical modeling were used to verify the findings of the current investigation. Cracking initiation is attributed to fretting fatigue caused by a modification performed in the vicinity of the fractured hub. Operational vibrations contributed to the propagation of the cracks as typical fatigue cracks until final fracture.     

Piercing a metallic barrier with a jet of a dilute polymer solution

Results are shown pertaining to the action of jets of dilute polymer solutions on solid barriers. The piercing of a barrier is explained by the viscoelastic properties of aggregates which, during an impact, behave like solid particles.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 1090–1094, December, 1973.     

Linear heat transfer in a flow around a cylinder or a sphere

It is shown that the relation between the Nusselt and Reynolds numbers determined by the Reynolds analogy is linear with self-similarity of the hydrodynamic resistance coefficient.Special Design and Technology Office Element, Odessa, Ukraine. translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 68, No. 3, May–June, pp. 395–396, 1995.