多面体Fe3O4类芬顿反应去除罗丹明B性能研究

Fe₃O₄是较典型的n型半导体,被广泛应用于光催化领域,但现阶段制备多面体Fe₃O₄的步骤比较复杂.本文创新性地采用硫酸亚铁和钼酸钠通过水热法制备磁性多面体Fe₃O₄,与双氧水构建类芬顿体系,以罗丹明B(RhB)模拟污染废水,在可见金卤灯下进行光催化去除RhB实验.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和磁性能测试等手段对样品进行了充分表征,并探究了不同的pH值、样品浓度、双氧水浓度、RhB初始浓度对RhB去除的影响.结果表明：所制备的样品为结晶度较高的Fe₃O₄晶体,粒径在300 nm左右;在pH=3、质量浓度为60 mg·L^-1、双氧水浓度为100 mmol·L^-1、RhB初始质量浓度为20 mg·L^-1时,在室温下反应60 min对RhB的去除率可达到94%以上;经反应动力学拟合发现该体系符合一级反应动...     

Fe3O4/SnS2的制备及其催化性能研究

为提高Fe₃O₄的类芬顿效果,基于光助类芬顿催化氧化技术,在共沉淀法制备Fe₃O₄的基础上采用醇热法制备能高效降解亚甲基蓝的Fe₃O₄/SnS₂催化剂。建立了以Fe₃O₄/SnS₂为催化剂的光助类芬顿催化氧化体系,分析不同制备及降解条下Fe₃O₄/SnS₂的类芬顿活性,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对Fe₃O₄/SnS₂材料进行表征。结果表明：当Fe₃O₄和SnS₂物质的量比为1∶1时,Fe₃O₄/SnS₂的催化效果最好;亚甲基蓝溶液pH为3.0、Fe₃O_...     

磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子的制备与应用

为了对磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒的制备和应用进行总结和回顾,综述了磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒的机械研磨法、沉淀法、微乳液法、溶剂热法、溶胶-凝胶法、热分解有机物法等几种主要制备方法,分析了各制备方法的特点;介绍了磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒在磁流体、磁记录材料、生物医学以及催化剂载体等领域的应用,并对磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒未来的研究重点和应用前景进行了展望:如何更经济更环保地制备粒径可控且分布均匀的磁性纳米Fe3O4微粒是今后研究的热点与重点;纳米Fe3O4颗粒同时具备磁性颗粒和纳米颗粒的双重优势的应用性研究也极为重要.     

Fe3O4纳米材料的制备及其抗菌性

以氯化亚铁、草酸和水合肼为原料,采用水热法制备出Fe3O4纳米材料。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产品的结构、形貌和尺寸进行了表征。考察了Fe3O4纳米材料的形成条件,并研究了Fe3O4纳米材料的抗菌性。实验结果表明:Fe3O4纳米材料对甲基营养型芽孢杆菌有一定的抑制作用。     

GQDs/WS2/Fe3O4磁分离适配体荧光传感器构建及其在甲胎蛋白中的应用

以聚乙二醇化石墨烯量子点标记的适配体(GQDs-PEG-Apt)作为甲胎蛋白(AFP)的特异性识别分子和能量供体,以WS₂/Fe₃O₄纳米复合物为单一能量受体,构建磁分离适配体荧光传感器并用血清AFP定量检测。样本中没有AFP时,能量供体与受体间π-π堆积作用和非辐射共振能力转移(FRET)令GQDs-PEG-Apt荧光猝灭;存在AFP时,GQDs-PEG-Apt与靶标结合并从WS₂/Fe₃O₄纳米复合物表面脱离,体系荧光强度得以恢复;经过磁性分离后,传感体系上清液487 nm处荧光强度随AFP浓度增大而增强;浓度在5～1 000 ng/mL范围内,传感体系荧光相对恢复值与AFP浓度呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.989。构建的传感器具有良好的特异性,可实现血清AFP定量检测,其检测限(LOD)为0.5 pg/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.32%～6.41%,回收率为91.92%～99.28%。     

微波强化非均相类Fenton反应氧化降解苯酚

研究了在微波场条件下非均相类Fenton试剂反应降解含酚废水,分别进行了微波场条件下和常规条件下类Fenton试剂反应降解苯酚实验并测定了反应动力学曲线,讨论了温度、微波场功率对苯酚去除率以及TOC去除率的影响,估算了反应活化能。实验结果表明：使用微波辐射可提高非均相类Fenton反应降解含酚废水的反应速率、苯酚去除率和TOC去除率。发现在微波和常规条件下,反应可近似为三级动力学反应。反应活化能估算结果表明,对类Fenton试剂降解苯酚的反应体系施加微波,可降低反应活化能和提高反应速率,微波辐射的功率越大,苯酚转化速率和TOC降解速率就越快。与常规条件下类Fenton试剂降解苯酚的反应相比,施加足够强的微波场,可较明显降低反应活化能和提高反应速率和去除率。当微波辐射功率分别为200 W和600 W时,苯酚降解的反应活化能分别为17.175和15.042 kJ/mol,比常规条件的反应活化能降低了11.48%和22.48%。     

Fenton试剂ZnFe2O4光催化剂的合成及催化降解有机染料废水性质的研究

通过水热法制备了纳米ZnFe2O4,研究了合成条件对其结构、形貌和光催化性质的影响。确定了当金属离子与聚乙二醇(PEG)的摩尔比为1∶3、水热温度为200℃时ZnFe2O4的颗粒尺寸小,分散均匀,光催化性能最好(99.75%)。研究了双氧水加入量、紫外光等条件对光催化性质的影响并发现,2mL H2O2以及254nm紫外光照射下ZnFe2O4的光催化效果较高。通过研究光催化降解机理发现,ZnFe2O4在紫外光-双氧水共同存在的条件下,三者相互协同作用迅速产生.OH,氧化分解有机染料,达到迅速光催化降解的目的。     

Fe3O4磁性纳米材料制备及在重金属去除中的应用

目前重金属污染问题已经成为全球性的环境难题,磁性纳米材料选择性好、反应速率快、无二次污染,在重金属离子的去除方面具有广阔的应用前景。Fe₃O₄基核壳结构磁性纳米复合粒子合成方法简单、成本低,对其合成及应用的综述可为其在重金属离子的去除方面提供理论支持。文章介绍了近年来Fe₃O₄基核壳结构磁性纳米复合粒子的壳层材料的制备方法、特点及在重金属离子去除等方面的最新研究进展,讨论了不同结构Fe₃O₄基核壳材料对重金属离子的吸附机理,并展望了其未来的发展及应用。     

微波加热含碳Fe2O3升温过程数值模拟

以含活性炭的Fe₂O₃粉末为研究对象,在氩气保护下对其进行微波还原焙烧实验.研究了Fe₂O₃还原焙烧的升温特性,同时对含碳Fe₂O₃试样在微波场中升温过程进行数值模拟.基于微波加热的特点及加热过程建立数学模型,确定了模拟计算所需的边界条件,利用C语言编程,实现了微波加热含碳Fe₂O₃的数值模拟过程;同时,根据能量守恒关系计算出微波耗散功率与物料升温的关系,模拟出含碳Fe₂O₃粉末的微波加热升温曲线,与实验所测的微波加热升温曲线拟合较好,为研究物料在微波场中的升温过程提供了理论依据.     

纳米Fe_3O_4/Co_3O_4催化H_2O_2氧化降解亚甲基蓝

纳米四氧化三钴(Co3O4)催化剂对废水中有机物具有良好的催化降解活性,但纳米催化剂难从溶液中分离的缺点限制了其应用.通过将不同量的纳米Co3O4催化剂自组装在纳米四氧化三铁(Fe3O4)上,制备出了一系列不同纳米Co3O4催化剂含量的纳米Fe3O4/Co3O4,并将该系列纳米Fe3O4/Co3O4用于双氧水(H2O2)氧化降解亚甲基蓝的反应来测试其催化性能和回收再利用性能.实验结果表明,尽管纳米Co3O4催化剂的含量对于纳米Fe3O4/Co3O4的催化性能有所影响,但该系列纳米Fe3O4/Co3O4相对纯纳米Co3O4催化剂仍表现出很好的催化活性和回收再利用性.     

Modification of Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> magnetic nanoparticles by L-dopa or dopamine as an enzyme support

Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation of Fe^2＋ and Fe^3＋ in an ammonia solution, and its size was about 36 nm measured by an atomic force microscope. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were modified by L-dopa or dopamine using sonication method. The analysis of FTIR clearly indicated the formation of Fe-O-C bond. Direct immobilization of trypsin （EC： 3.4.21.4） on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with L-dopa and dopamine spacer was investigated using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent. No significant changes in the size and magnetic property of the three kinds of magnetic nanoparticles linked with or without trypsin were observed. The existence of the spacer molecule on magnetic nanoparticles could greatly improve the activity and the storage stability of bound trypsin through increasing the flexibility of enzyme and changing the microenvironment on nanoparticles surface compared to the naked magnetic nanoparticles.     

Kinetics of Fe3O4 formation by air oxidation

The kinetics of Fe₃O₄ formation by air oxidation of slightly acidic suspension of Fe(OH)₂ was studied. The effects of initial concentration of Fe(II), temperature, partial pressure of oxygen, air flow rate and stirring rate on the oxidation rate were investigated. The results show that Fe₃O₄ formation is composed of two-step reaction, the first step is the formation of Fe(OH) ₂ ⁺ by oxidation of Fe(OH)⁺ complex ions, the second step is the formation of magnetite by dehydration and deprotonation of Fe(OH)⁺ and Fe(OH) ₂ ⁺ . The oxidation reaction is zero-order with respect to the concentration of Fe(II) and around 0.5-order with respect to partial pressure of oxygen, and oxygen transfer process is rate-limiting step of oxidation reaction with apparent activation energy of 2.74 kJ · mol⁻¹.     

Surface Modfication of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

Nanometer particles are important portion of magnetic fluid. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were studied in this paper and the surface modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was investigated by a series of experiments. Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized with pH value, temperature, and the dosage of surfactant. The phase, structure, size and magnetism of nanoparticles were tested by X-ray diffration （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and magnetic balance. On the basis of the surface modification coating mechanism, the experimental phenomena and the effects on the variation of size, magnetism and stability of Fe3O4 nanoparticles were theoretically analyzed. X-Ray diffraction spectrum and TEM photograph show that 1） the nanoparticles structure is perfect, 2） the diameter of narnoparticles is small and have good deliquescence, and 3） Sodium oleate is the anion surfactant. Therefore 1） the good condition of surface modification is in an acidic solution, 2） the best temperature of surface modification is at 80 ℃, and 3） the dosage of surfactant should be about 0.6 times of that of Fe^2＋.     

Preparation and characterization of Bi4Ti3O12 platelets by a novel low-temperature molten salt system

Bismuth titanate (Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂) platelets were prepared by molten salt method in a new salt system of CaC_l2-NaCl at 650–750 °C, using bismuth nitrate pentahydrate (Bi(NO₃)₃―H₂O) and titanium butoxide (Ti (OC₄H₉)₄) as raw materials. The synthesis temperature of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ platelets was decreased to 650 °C from 900–1100 °C. The phase compositions and crystalline morphology of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ platelets were investigated by XRD and SEM. The experimental results indicate that Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ platelets containing tetragonal and orthorhombic phase with the size of 1–3 μm can be synthesized at 650 °C for 2 h, and the orthorhombic phase becomes the dominant phase at 750 °C for 5 h. The size and proportion of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ platelets increase with the increment of the calcining temperature and holding time. The proportion of platelets increases to about ninety percent, and the platelets grow up to about 3–10 μm at 750 °C for 5 h from 1–2 μm at 650 °C for 2 h. This technical route provides a new low-temperature molten salt system for preparing platelets by molten salt methods.     

磁改性海泡石催化过二硫酸盐降解双酚A

为有效去除水中内分泌干扰物,采用共沉淀法合成海泡石负载纳米Fe_3O_4催化剂,催化过二硫酸盐去除水中双酚A(BPA).通过X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、氮气吸脱附仪等对催化剂进行表征,考察不同温度和溶液pH对催化剂吸附性能的影响,研究催化剂和过硫酸盐投量对BPA去除效果的影响.结果表明,高比表面积的催化剂可对BPA有效吸附,平衡吸附量随着温度升高而降低,室温下可达11.6 mg/g.当催化剂投量为2 g/L、过硫酸钾(PDS)投量为4 000 mg/L、溶液pH为5时,体系可在20 min内完全降解30 mg/L的BPA.催化剂可通过外加磁场进行回收,且重复使用5次之后,60 min降解率仅下降了2.7%.机理推断认为体系内BPA的降解过程由吸附-氧化耦合反应实现,被吸附的BPA分子可在催化剂表面被生成的自由基原位降解.本研究首次将磁改性海泡石作为催化过硫酸盐的高级氧化体系催化剂使用,并认为吸附-氧化耦合式的降解途径可以有效提高自由基利用率,为去除水中痕量有机污染物的催化氧化体系设计提供了新的思路和方向.     

磁性Fe3O4微球的溶剂热法合成及光芬顿性能优化

为探究Fe_3O_4微球的光芬顿性能,在200℃条件下,利用溶剂热法成功制备出具有较好分散性、平均粒径(200±0.5)nm的Fe_3O_4微球,并通过对其原料配比的探究进行样品优化.该合成方法所制备出的Fe_3O_4微球在Photo-Fenton降解亚甲基蓝方面有优秀的性能,降解率达95%甚至以上.此外,Fe_3O_4微球具有易回收的优点,仅利用磁场即可将其分离,且回收率超过85%甚至90%.利用回收后的Fe_3O_4微球探究其重复利用率,结果表明,重复利用过程中样品催化降解效率与第一次使用时几乎相同.本研究探究了该样品降解亚甲基蓝的最佳反应条件,其中当反应体系中加入15 mL过氧化氢且为酸性环境下降解效率达到最大.     

Surface organic modification of Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> magnetic nanoparticles

The surface organic modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with silane coupling reagent KH570 was studied. The modified and unmodified nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, XPS and TEM. The spectra of FT-IR and XPS revealed that KH570 was coated onto the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to get Fe-O- Si bond and an organic coating layer also was formed. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were spheres partly with mean size of 18,8 nm studied by TEM, which was consistent with the result 17.9 nm calculated by Scherrer＇s equation. KH570 was adsorbed on surface and formed chemistry bond to be steric hindrance repulsion which prevented nanoparticles from reuniting. Then glycol-based Fe3O4 magnetic liquids dispersed stably was gained.     

纳米Fe_3O_4粒子的制备及表面包覆

采用化学共沉淀法和氧化沉淀法制备磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子,并用柠檬酸三钠为表面活性剂包覆制备纳米Fe3O4粒子,同时利用包覆磁性粒子制备水基纳米磁性液体。对两种方法制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子的晶体结构、微观形貌及化学共沉淀法制备的Fe3O4在包覆前后等电点的变化进行了表征。结果表明,化学共沉淀法制备的纳米Fe3O4粒子平均粒径约为20 nm且分布比较均匀,表面活性剂包覆后,等电点由原来的pH=6.70移向pH=2.35,证实了Fe3O4粒子表面被柠檬酸离子所包覆,且制得的磁性液体的稳定性比较高;而氧化沉淀法制备Fe3O4纳米粒子粒径分布是从几十纳米到上百纳米,制得的磁性液体出现很明显的团聚。     

Modification of Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles by L-dopa or Dopamine as an Enzyme Support

Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by co-precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in an ammonia solution,and its size was about 36 am measured by an atomic force microscope.Fe3O4 magnetic nanopanicles were modified by L-dopa or dopamine using sonication method.The analysis of FTIR clearly indicated the formation of Fe-O-C bond.Direct immobilization of trypsin(EC:3.4.21.4)on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with L-dopa and dopamine spacer was investigated using glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent.No significant changes in the size and magnetic property of the three kinds of magnetic nanoparticles linked with or without trypsin were observed.The existence of the spacer molecule on magnetic nanoparticles could greatly improve the activity and the storage stability of bound trypsin through increasing the flexibility of enzyme and changing the microenvironment on nanoparticles surface compared to the naked magnetic nanoparticles.     

Controlled synthesis and magnetic properties of Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> walnut spherical particles and octahedral microcrystals

Magnetite Fe₃O₄ walnut spherical particles and octahedral microcrystals were successfully synthesized from K₄ [Fe (CN)₆], K₃ [Fe (CN)₆] and NaOH reagents via a simple hydrothermal process. And the uniform morphology of octahedral microcrystals was obtained in the presence of ethylene glycol. The morphology and structure of products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the Fe₃O₄ walnut spherical particles and octahedral microcrystals were single crystals with the face-center cubic structure and with size distributions from 2.2 to 8.6 μm and 1.6 to 12.5 μm, respectively. Their magnetic properties were detected by a vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature. The walnut spherical particles exhibited a ferromagnetic behavior with the coercive force (Hc), saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanent magnetization (Mr) being 150.57 Oe, 97.634 and 12.05 emu/g, respectively. For the octahedral microcrystals they were 75.28 Oe, 101.90 and 6.69 emu/g, respectively. Different sizes of walnut spherical particles were controlled synthesized through adjusting the NaOH concentration. It was found that ethylene glycol molecules have a significant effect on the formation of Fe₃O₄ octahedra. A possible mechanism was also proposed to account for the growth of these Fe₃O₄ products. Supported by Fund of weinan Teachers University (Grant No. 08YKZ008), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20573072) and Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20060718010)