模拟酸雨对巯基化膨润土吸附Pb~(2+)的解吸研究

比较了巯基改性膨润土(TMB)和钙基膨润土(RB)对水溶液中铅的固定性能,考察了模拟酸雨pH值、离子强度、解吸温度和时间等条件对其解吸Pb~(2+)的影响。结果表明:在吸附条件一致的前提下,模拟酸雨p H值与铅的解吸量呈负相关性;模拟酸雨离子强度、解吸时间和解吸温度对钙基膨润土吸附铅的解吸影响较大,而对巯基改性膨润土吸附铅的解吸无影响,解吸率为0%。在20℃、30℃、40℃、50℃下,模拟酸雨对铅在巯基化膨润土上的平衡解吸量分别为39.52 mg/g、23.20 mg/g、21.74 mg/g和17.86 mg/g,表明该巯基改性膨润土对铅具有很强的固定能力。     

煤基腐植酸对Cd2+的吸附-解吸特性研究

环境pH对腐植酸-重金属的结合稳定性有显著影响,采用不同pH解吸液对吸附Cd2+后的腐植酸(腐植酸-Cd)进行解吸规律研究。结果表明,煤基腐植酸(HA1和HA2)的官能团、腐殖化与芳构化程度是影响腐植酸-Cd稳定性的主要结构特征。HA1较HA2含氧官能团更多,Cd2+吸附量更高,HA1和HA2对Cd2+吸附量在Cd2+初始浓度 100mg/L时分别为905mg/g和582mg/g;|HA1-Cd和HA2-Cd在纯水解吸的保留率总体大于80%;pH=3解吸液中Cd2+保留率降低明显,HA2对Cd2+的保留作用更强|pH=5、7解吸液中随Cd2+初始浓度的增大HA1-Cd和HA2-Cd解吸规律一致,Cd2+初始浓度越高,三次解吸后保留率越大,均在60%左右|ζ电位分析表明,HA-Cd中Cd2+解离存在自发解离和离子交换两种途径,H+、Na+及醋酸根配体的共同作用导致结合不稳定的Cd2+再次释放。     

高锰酸钾改性对颗粒活性炭吸附Cu2+的影响

采用KMnO₄溶液在回流状态下对颗粒活性炭进行了改性。考察了KMnO₄ 溶液浓度对Cu²⁺吸附率-pH曲线及pH的影响,并研究了KMnO₄ 改性对颗粒活性炭吸附和解吸Cu²⁺性能的影响。结果表明,KMnO₄ 改性使颗粒活性炭对 Cu²⁺吸附率-pH曲线及pH向低pH偏移。当KMnO₄溶液浓度为0.03 mol/L时,改性颗粒活性炭效果最好;KMnO₄ 改性提高了颗粒活性炭对Cu²⁺的吸附速率,使其投加量节省约3倍;Cu²⁺在改性及未改性活性炭上的吸附遵循Freundlich等温吸附方程,在相同Cu²⁺平衡浓度下,KMnO₄改性活性炭对 Cu²⁺的吸附量提高约 2.7倍;使用 0.35 mol/L的HCl溶液作解吸液,Cu²⁺从KMnO₄改性活性炭上的解吸率为 91.1%,而Cu²⁺从未改性活性炭上的解吸率仅为8.8%。KMnO₄ 改性提高了颗粒活性炭从水中吸附重金属离子的能力,并促进了其解吸再生性能。     

重金属离子在改性蛭石表面的竞争吸附及其动力学研究

分别利用蛭石原矿和改性蛭石为吸附剂,对水溶液中的Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+进行等温吸附试验,研究了吸附剂用量、溶液pH值、重金属离子浓度、吸附时间、吸附温度等环境因素对单一离子在蛭石表面吸附性能的影响,分析了蛭石吸附三种金属离子动力学机理。试验结果表明,蛭石原矿经900℃的高温膨胀及2%的CTMAB改性后,其吸附容量较蛭石原矿有明显增加。当吸附剂用量为0.3 g、pH值为5~6、金属离子初始浓度为150 mg/L、吸附时间60 min、吸附温度为室温时,改性蛭石对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+三种金属离子的最大吸附率均可达90%以上。      

CMB改性大洋富钴结壳尾矿对重金属离子的选择性吸附

采用静态吸附法研究CMB改性前后大洋富钴结壳尾矿在相同条件下对模拟废水中Cu2+,Pb2+,Zn2+,Cd2+等重金属离子的单一和混合吸附特性.结果表明,CMB改性前后大洋富钻结壳尾矿从模拟废水中吸附单一重金属离子的顺序为Pb2+＞Cd2+＞Cu2+＞Zn2+,当Pb2+,Cd2+,Cu2+和Zn2+离子同时存在时,吸附顺序仍是Pb2+＞Cd2+＞Cu2+＞Zn2+,改性尾矿吸附效果好,成本低,制备工艺简单.     

改性大洋富钴结壳选矿尾矿对重金属离子的吸附选择性研究

采用静态吸附法研究了改性前后大洋富钴结壳选矿尾矿,在相同条件下对模拟废水中Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+、Cd2+等重金属离子的单独和混合吸附特性。结果表明:①单独吸附效果的顺序为Pb2+>Cd2+>Cu2+>Zn2+;②当Pb2+、Cd2+、Cu2+和Zn2+同时存在时,吸附效果的顺序是Pb2+>Cu2+>Cd2+>Zn2+或Pb2+>Cd2+>Cu2+>Zn2+,并且离子初始浓度越大,Pb2+与其它共存的重金属离子的选择性分离效果越好;③改性大洋富钴结壳选矿尾矿对重金属离子选择性吸附效果好,成本低,制备工艺简单。     

大洋富钴结壳选矿尾矿的表面改性及应用研究

采用酸、碱、盐、有机物等药剂对大洋富钴结壳选矿尾矿进行了单一及复合改性处理,并将改性后的尾矿直接用于吸附模拟废水中的Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+、Cd2+等重金属离子,以评价改性效果。结果表明,NaOH、CJ盐和有机物CMB可以提高大洋富钴结壳选矿尾矿的吸附能力,其中CJ盐的改性效果最佳。当CJ占矿重百分比为25%时,CJ改性后尾矿对Cu2+和Pb2+的最大吸附率分别可达49.86%和97.70%,比未改性尾矿的吸附率分别要高出23%和9%以上;而对于Cd2+和Zn2+来说,当CJ占矿重百分比分别为50%和75%时,CJ改性后尾矿对它们的吸附率达最大,分别为38.86%和61.45%,比未改性尾矿的吸附率要高出10%和20%以上。     

磁性膨润土的制备及其性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备Fe3O4磁流体,用硅烷偶联剂改性膨润土,用磁流体与膨润土以及改性膨润土复合制备一系列不同Fe3O4载量的磁性膨润土,并对其进行了X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪、振动样品磁强计等表征分析,测定了样品的磁分离回收率及对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+的交换吸附量。结果表明,Fe3O4微粒赋存于膨润土表面而形成磁性集合体,改性磁性膨润土具有良好的超顺磁性,对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+的交换吸附性能与其所含膨润土相当,但随Fe3O4载量增加而降低。Fe3O4载量为25%时,其饱和磁化强度、剩余磁化强度分别为13.344A.m2/kg和0.365 A.m2/kg,改性前膨润土与改性后磁性膨润土磁分离回收率分别为50.3%和90.1%。     

西宁盆地坡缕石粘土对Cd2+吸附性能研究

试验研究了西宁盆地坡缕石粘土对Cd2+的吸附性能,考察了改性方法、搅拌时间、粘土投加量、吸附温度、溶液初始浓度等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明,采用Na2CO3改性时,Na2CO3与粘土最佳配比为3∶100;吸附的适宜条件为:搅拌时间50min、粘土投加量1.5g/100mL Cd2+溶液、吸附温度20℃;在试验的浓度范围内,Cd2+在粘土上的吸附规律符合Langmuir等温模型。西宁盆地坡缕石粘土对Cd2+具有较好的吸附性能,粘土投加量为每100mL Cd2+溶液2.5g时,处理后溶液中Cd2+含量下降到0.1mg/L以下,符合GB8796-1996第一类污染物最高排放标准。     

热改性蛇纹石吸附剂除镉性能研究

采用对比的方式,分别对天然蛇纹石和经700℃改性的蛇纹石做了等温吸附实验,研究蛇纹石对重金属Cd2+的吸附性能,并探讨了影响吸附的因素和吸附机理。吸附剂用量、溶液的pH值对2种蛇纹石的吸附率均有较大影响。随着吸附剂用量的增加,天然蛇纹石和热改性蛇纹石对Cd2+的吸附率都逐渐增加,且吸附率都超过了60%。在同等吸附剂用量条件下,经700℃改性的蛇纹石的吸附能力要明显强于未改性的天然蛇纹石。当pH值为3～6时,2种蛇纹石对Cd2+的吸附量都随着pH值的增加而显著增大;当pH值为6～10时,对Cd2+的吸附量趋于稳定。两种蛇纹石均符合Freundlich方程,且拟合度较好,对重金属Cd2+有较强的吸附能力;经700℃改性的蛇纹石对Cd2+的饱和吸附量为8.19 mg/g,约等于天然蛇纹石饱和吸附量的2倍。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586