基于耦合三线结构的宽带功分器研究*

由于传统的威尔金森功分器需要通过多级传输线的级联来拓展其工作带宽,增加了电路设计的复杂度。因此本文提出了一种基于耦合三线的宽带功分器结构。通过在四分之一波长传输线的两端分别引入一节耦合三线,使功分器实现了宽带特性。采用三线耦合器与阻抗变换理论,对影响功分器工作带宽、输入输出端口匹配度和隔离度参数进行了理论分析,并设计制造了基于此结构的宽带功分器。测试结果表明该功分器具有很好的端口匹配、传输损耗和端口隔离特性。     

Consideration on the frequency limitation of Wilkinson powerdivider with coupled wires in ferrite

The frequency performance of a Wilkinson power divider with tightly coupled wires in ferrite is obtained using the theory of coupled distributed lines. The lowest and highest frequencies are connected to ferrite performance and electrical angle of the wires. The results are relevant to the use of the divider in CATV systems     

Design of Millimeter-Wave Power Divider with Coupled Line

A novel 35GHz 3dB power divider using coupled transmission line is presented. Unlike conventional Wilkinson divider circuit, only the 50 Ω transmission lines are used in the design. The impedance matching can be achieved by coupled transmission line even mode characteristic impedance. The predicated and measured performances agree well.     

Coupled-line-based millimeter-wave CMOS spiral power dividers with tapered TLs

Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing - We propose a power divider comprising of two parallel λ/4 coupled lines with a shared input signal line. An isolation resistor R is included...     

Ultra-wideband (UWB) power divider with filtering response using shorted-end coupled lines and open/short-circuit slotlines

A novel ultra-wideband (UWB) power divider with bandpass-filtering frequency response has been presented. The shorted-end coupled lines and the open/short-circuit slotlines are introduced to this presented power divider. An isolation resistor R is located across the slotline for improving the isolation between the output ports of the power divider. Based on even and odd mode analysis, an analytical model of the presented power divider structure has also been proposed. An UWB power divider with passband response has been designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results verify the predicted attractive features. It can be seen that the presented UWB power divider can not only divide/combine the power of microwave signals, but also reject unwanted frequency signals to better regulate the UWB performance.     

高分配比不等分功率分配器的设计与仿真

在传统微带线Wilkinson型功分器难以实现大分配比的情况下,通过引入改善因子c的方法降低过大的特性阻抗,并通过T型结构代替特性阻抗过小的四分之一波长传输线,使最终的电路结构用传统的平面微带线结构易于实现。应用这些设计方法计算出功分比为5：1的不等功分器的各段阻抗最大和最小之比仅为2．7：1,较传统结构得出的比值5．5：1有了很大改善。最后,利用ADS软件设计出一个中心频率为1.3GHz的微带5：1不等分功分器,仿真结果证明了这种设计方法的有效性和可行性。     

一种新型混合结构X频段宽带功分器

分析了不对称槽线混合结构T型接头的传输特性,设计了一种由不对称槽线混合桥结构组成的X频段宽带功分器,应用于8~10.3 GHz频段。该功分器主要包括微带-槽线过渡结构和不对称槽线混合桥结构,在实现电磁能量耦合传输的同时还具有良好的功率分配性能。电路没有引入专门的相移电路就可实现可调的相移。电路仿真结果表明,在工作频段内,回波损耗优于-15 dB,插入损耗优于-5 dB,隔离度优于-5.8 dB。测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合,证明了设计的有效性。     

67-GHz static frequency divider using 0.2-μm self-aligned SiGeHBTs

A 67-GHz 1/4 static frequency divider using 0.2-μm self-aligned selective-epitaxial-growth SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors, with a 122-GHz cutoff frequency, a 163-GHz maximum oscillation frequency, and an average emitter coupled logic gate delay time of 5.65 ps, was developed. The pretracking master-slave toggle flip-flop (MS-TFF) of the divider increases the maximum operating frequency to about 15% higher than that of a conventional MS-TFF, yet the power consumption of the divider is 175 mW, which is 1/5 that of comparable dividers, at a supply voltage of -5.2 V     

Novel 5:1 Unequal Wilkinson Power Divider Using Offset Double-Sided Parallel-Strip Lines

A novel 5:1 unequal Wilkinson power divider using the offset double-sided parallel-strip lines (DSPSL) is proposed. High characteristic impedance is realized by offsetting the top and bottom strips of the DSPSL, which cannot be achieved using other conventional transmission lines such as microstrip line due to its fabrication limitation. The quarter guided wavelength of the offset DSPSL has been analyzed for the proposed power divider design. The simulated and measured results are presented to verify our proposed idea     

Two-Section Cascaded Coupled Line Wilkinson Power Divider for Dual-Band Applications

A coupled line based design method is presented for the dual-band operation of the Wilkinson power divider. It is shown that a simple two-section cascaded coupled line structure is capable of the dual-band operation in the Wilkinson power divider. The overall divider structure can be simplified with the small number of transmission line sections and the coupled line using the proposed approach.     

Miniaturized Wilkinson power dividers utilizing capacitive loading

The authors report the miniaturization of a planar Wilkinson power divider by capacitive loading of the quarter wave transmission lines employed in conventional Wilkinson power dividers. Reduction of the transmission line segments from λ/4 to between λ/5 and λ/12 are reported here. The input and output lines at the three ports and the lines comprising the divider itself are coplanar waveguide (CPW) and asymmetric coplanar stripline (ACPS), respectively. The 10 GHz power dividers are fabricated on high resistivity silicon (HRS) and alumina wafers. These miniaturized dividers are 74% smaller than conventional Wilkinson power dividers, and have a return loss better than +30 dB and an insertion loss less than 0.55 dB. Design equations and a discussion about the effect of parasitic reactance on the isolation are presented for the first time     

A Parallel-Strip Ring Power Divider With High Isolation and Arbitrary Power-Dividing Ratio

In this paper, a new power divider concept, which provides high flexibility of transmission line characteristic impedance and port impedance, is proposed. This power divider is implemented on a parallel-strip line, which is a balanced transmission line. By implementing the advantages and uniqueness of the parallel-strip line, the divider outperforms the conventional divider in terms of isolation bandwidths. A swap structure of the two lines of the parallel-strip line is employed in this design, which is critical for the isolation enhancements. A lumped-circuit model of the parallel-strip swap including all parasitic effects has been analyzed. An equal power divider with center frequency of 2 GHz was designed to demonstrate the idea. The experimental results show that the equal power divider has 96.5% -10-dB impedance bandwidth with more than 25-dB isolation and less than 0.7-dB insertion loss. In order to generalize the concept with an arbitrary power ratio, we also realize unequal power dividers with the same isolation characteristics. The impedance bandwidth of the proposed power divider will increase with the dividing ratio, which is opposite to the conventional Wilkinson power divider. Unequal dividers with dividing ratios of 1 : 2 and 1 : 12 are designed and measured. Additionally, a frequency independent 180 power divider has been realized with less than 2 phase errors.     

Highly miniaturised Wilkinson power divider employing /spl pi/-type multiple coupled microstrip line structure

Using a /spl pi/-type multiple coupled microstrip line structure, a highly miniaturised Wilkinson power divider is fabricated. The line length of the power divider was reduced to about /spl lambda//44, and its size was 37% of a conventional Wilkinson power divider. The novel power divider showed good RF performances in S/C band.     

一种Ka波段三路波导功率分配/合成器的设计

提出了一种波导三路功分器结构,该功分器采用E面T型缝隙耦合结构来实现功分比的调节。通过调节耦合缝隙以及感性膜片,使输入阻抗匹配并且实现等功率同相位的三路功分输出。为了实现功率合成,采用对称的两个三路功分器进行背靠背级联实现功率合成网络,仿真结果显示出良好的驻波效果和极低的插损。最终对加工出的实物进行测量,在32.5~36 GHz频段内实现了输出功率幅度不平衡度小于0.5 dB的良好效果。通过背靠背连接两个功分器实现了在33.3~35.3 GHz带宽内插损小于0.3 dB的功率分配/合成网络。     

New MIC Power Dividers Using Coupled Microstrip-Slot Lines: Two-Sided MIC Power Dividers

New microwave integrated circuit (MIC) power dividers have been proposed. These power dividers utilize both substrate surfaces and employ coupled microstrip-slot lines, microstrip lines, and slotlines; therefore, we make use of the two-sided MIC technique. The out-of-phase-type power dividers, as well as the in-phase-type circuits, can be constructed by the circuit configuration method described in this paper. Coupled microstrip slot lines, an important component of the power dividers, have been analyzed by the spectral-domain method, and their characteristics have been calculated and the numerical results shown for several different structural parameters for the purpose of designing power dividers. The out-of-phase-type power divider was fabricated at the 26-GHz band and good performance achieved, confirming the calculated accuracy through experimental results. The new two-sided MIC power dividers are expected to have wide applications at the millimeter-wave band.     

基于谐振器慢波传输线的小型化宽阻带谐波抑制功分器

该文提出一种基于谐振器慢波传输线的小型化宽阻带谐波抑制功分器,该谐振器慢波传输线由矩形谐振器、T型谐振器和蛇形线构成,来取代功分器中的1/4波长传统微带传输线。所设计制作的功分器,其尺寸仅为传统微带功分器的37.4%。实验结果表明,该功分器回波损耗大于10 dB的带宽范围为0.1～1.19 GHz,在2.2～11.05 GHz频率范围内衰减大于20 dB,具有较宽的阻带从而具有抑制谐波效果。仿真和测试结果较为吻合,验证了所提设计方法的有效性。     

Dual-Band Wilkinson Divider With Coupled Output Port Extensions

A new Wilkinson power divider structure is proposed for the dual-band operation. The proposed divider has two output ports extended and coupled through a coupled line section. The use of coupled output port extensions eliminates the need of the input port extension for the dual-band operation and simplifies the overall divider structure. It also provides the improved frequency performance over a wide range of band ratios with practical design parameters and has some potential for the broadband operation for small band ratios.     

宽带Wilkinson 功分器综合公式的缺陷与改进

首先介绍了3 种宽带Wilkinson 功分器的综合方法,重点阐述了最为常用的Cohn 的设计方法,并指出 随着功分器节数的不断增加,在利用Cohn 的设计公式计算隔离电阻阻值时会产生负数的问题。为此,通过引入一 个调整参数改进Cohn 的设计公式,实现了节数更多情况下隔离电阻阻值的准确计算。在计算功分器各级传输线特 性阻抗的过程中,提出了一种基于MATLAB 程序的多项式化简方法,实现了任意带宽的切比雪夫阻抗变换器参数的 快速计算。此外,还给出了一个8 级到15 级的功分器设计参数表格,作为对Cohn 给出的设计表格的扩展。最后,利 用改进后的设计公式,设计了一个1 ~15GHz 的宽带Wilkinson 功分器。仿真和测试结果证明了这种方法的有效性。     

A Novel Planar Three-Way Power Divider

A novel planar three-way power divider is proposed. Based on the conventional planar microstrip coupled line technology, the proposed three-way power divider can modify a three-way Wilkinson power divider from a three-dimensional configuration into a two-dimensional one, meanwhile, to keep the length of the circuit to be$lambda/$4. The planar structure enables easy circuit design in printed circuit boards and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. The design concept and implementation are discussed. From the measured results, less than 4.8$pm $0.1dB of the three equivalent insertion losses, less than 19.5dB of the return loss, and better than 17.5dB of isolation at 2.4GHz can be achieved.     

High-performance filtering power divider based on air-filled substrate integrated waveguide technology

A filtering power divider based on air-filled substrate-integrated waveguide (AFSIW) technology is proposed in this study. The AFSIW structure is used in the proposed filtering power divider for substantially reducing the transmission losses. This structure occupies a large area because of the use of air as a dielectric instead of typical dielectric materials. A filtering power divider provides power division and frequency selectivity simultaneously in a single device. The proposed filtering power divider comprises three AFSIW cavities. The filtering function is achieved using symmetrical inductive posts. The input and output ports of the proposed circuit are realized by directly connecting coaxial lines to the AFSIW cavities. This transition from the coaxial line to the AFSIW cavity eliminates the additional transitions, such as AFSIW-SIW and SIW-conductor-backed coplanar waveguide, applied in existing AFSIW circuits. The proposed power divider with a second-order bandpass filtering response is fabricated and measured at 5.5 GHz. The measurement results show that this circuit has a minimum insertion loss of 1 dB, 3-dB fractional bandwidth of 11.2%, and return loss exceeding 11 dB.