Feature Point Method of Chinese Character Recognition and Its Application

A new method for recognizing Chinese characters is proposed. It is based on the so-called featurepoints of Chinese characters. The feature points we use include those on the stroke of a character, i.e., endpoints, turning points, fork points and cross points, and the key points on the background of character. Thismethod differs from the previous ones for it combines the feature points on stroke with those on back-ground and it uses feature points to recognize Chinese characters directly. A Chinese character recognitionsystem based on top-down dynamical matching of feature point is developed. The system can recognizenot only 6763 printed sample Song font Chinese characters of size 5.6×5.6mm~2 with high recognition rate,but also the general printed books, magazines and documents with a satisfactory recognition rate andspeed.     

The Design and Implementation of a Fast Face Recognition System

A fast face recognition system is proposed in this paper. It implements the feature location and extraction according to the gray-scale characteristic and geometric features of face image, and based on the projection and the proportion relationship of facial features, and implements direct inquiry about face photos in the multimedia database.     

A Multi-View Face Recognition System

In many automatic face recognition systems,posture constraining is a key factor preventing them from application.In this paper a series of strategies will be described to achieve a system which enables face recognition under varying pose.These approaches include the multi-view face modeling,the threschold image based face feature detection,the affine transformation based face posture normalization and the template matching based face identification.Combining all of these strategies,a face recognition system with the pose invariance is designed successfully,Using a 75MHZ Pentium PC and with a database of 75 individuals,15 images for each person,and 225 test images with various postures,a very good recognition rate of 96.89% is obtained.     

一种鲁棒的基于两个特征点的深度估计方法

This paper presents a novel depth estimation method based on feature points. Two points are selected arbitrarily from an object and their distance in the space is assumed to be known.The proposed technique can estimate simultaneously their depths according to two images taken before and after a camera moves and the motion parameters of the camera may be unknown. In addition, this paper analyzes the ways to enhance the precision of the estimated depths and presents a feature point image coordinates search algorithm to increase the robustness of the proposed method.The search algorithm can find automatically more accurate image coordinates of the feature points based on their detected image coordinates. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the presented method.     

Human steering angle estimation in video based on key point detection and Kalman filter

Human pose recognition and estimation in video is pervasive. However, the process noise and local occlusion bring great challenge to pose recognition. In this paper, we introduce the Kalman filter into pose recognition to reduce noise and solve local occlusion problem. The core of pose recognition in video is the fast detection of key points and the calculation of human steering angles. Thus, we first build a human key point detection model. Frame skipping is performed based on the Hamming distance of the hash value of every two adjacent frames in video. Noise reduction is performed on key point coordinates with the Kalman filter. To calculate the human steering angle, current state information of key points is predicted using the optimal estimation of key points at the previous time. Then human steering angle can be calculated based on current and previous state information. The improved SENet, NLNet and GCNet modules are integrated into key point detection model for improving accuracy. Tests are also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Video motion stitching using trajectory and position similarities

Stitching motions in multiple videos into a single video scene is a challenging task in current video fusion and mosaicing research and film production. In this paper, we present a novel method of video motion stitching based on the similarities of trajectory and position of foreground objects. First, multiple video sequences are registered in a common reference frame, whereby we estimate the static and dynamic backgrounds, with the former responsible for distinguishing the foreground from the background and the static region from the dynamic region, and the latter functioning in mosaicing the warped input video sequences into a panoramic video. Accordingly, the motion similarity is calculated by reference to trajectory and position similarity, whereby the corresponding motion parts are extracted from multiple video sequences. Finally, using the corresponding motion parts, the foregrounds of different videos and dynamic backgrounds are fused into a single video scene through Poisson editing, with the motions involved being stitched together. Our major contributions are a framework of multiple video mosaicing based on motion similarity and a method of calculating motion similarity from the trajectory similarity and the position similarity. Experiments on everyday videos show that the agreement of trajectory and position similarities with the real motion similarity plays a decisive role in determining whether two motions can be stitched. We acquire satisfactory results for motion stitching and video mosaicing.     

Facial Feature Extraction Method Based on Coefficients of Variances

Principal Component Analysis （PCA） and Linear Discriminant Analysis （LDA） are two popular feature extraction techniques in statistical pattern recognition field. Due to small sample size problem LDA cannot be directly applied to appearance-based face recognition tasks. As a consequence, a lot of LDA-based facial feature extraction techniques are proposed to deal with the problem one after the other. Nullspace Method is one of the most effective methods among them. The Nullspace Method tries to find a set of discriminant vectors which maximize the between-class scatter in the null space of the within-class scatter matrix. The calculation of its discriminant vectors will involve performing singular value decomposition on a high-dimensional matrix. It is generally memory- and time-consuming. Borrowing the key idea in Nullspace method and the concept of coefficient of variance in statistical analysis we present a novel facial feature extraction method, i.e., Discriminant based on Coefficient of Variance （DCV） in this paper. Experimental results performed on the FERET and AR face image databases demonstrate that DCV is a promising technique in comparison with Eigenfaces, Nullspace Method, and other state-of-the-art facial feature extraction methods.     

An FPGA-based face recognition using combined 5/3 DWT with PCA methods

This paper describes a new scheme for feature extraction from facial images on FPGA. The proposed method is comprised of two stages. The first stage uses the 5/3 DWT to decompose the original face image into LL, LH, HL, and HH wavelet coefficient to reduce the size of the image. In the second stage, PCA is employed to extract the face features from the wavelet coefficients. Here we use the power iteration algorithm to find the eigenvector of the covariance matrix. We present an efficient hardware architecture using combination of parallel processing module and serial processing module. This method can take the benefits of parallel usage advantage of FPGAs and can save hardware resources. Complete hardware implemented on a Stratix II FPGA. The experimental results show that the system works with high processing rate and only 21% of the logic resources an FPGA are consumed by face recognition logic Thus it is very suitable for the low cost implementation of the face recognition system.     

A New Solution for Feature Recognition from 2D Engineering Drawing

The paper presents a promised way of feature recognition from 2D engineering drawing——developing special system and extracting features from machining drawings. In general, researchers inclined to extract features from design drawings and ignored machining drawings. Actually, both of machining and design information shows the same importance in developing new products. Not only can machining drawing provide us with feature model or 3D geometrical model of the part, but also they can be easily recognized. In the paper the processes and methods of feature recognition from three-cone-bit (A Kind of aiguilles used to drill oil well) machining drawings are introduced. Firstly, overall approach is explained. Secondly, two methods of form feature recognition are introduced: symbol-matching method used to analyze annularity or chained graph and method based on feature-hint used to recognize the general features. Thirdly, feature parameters are extracted. Finally, a practical implementation is given.     

SURF特征及预处理RANSAC算法在人脸识别中的应用

针对人脸识别问题,提出了一种基于SURF特征的人脸图像快速识别方法。首先,对经预处理后的人脸图像提取SURF特征点,采用最近邻匹配法对特征点进行粗匹配;其次,利用KMeans聚类算法对粗匹配的特征点进行预处理来过滤明显不合适的匹配点,再利用RANSAC算法对过滤后的特征点实现精匹配,以达到对人脸的特征点比较准确地识别匹配。实验结果表明,该方法适用于手机终端的人脸图像的快速匹配,具有较强的鲁棒性及一定的实用价值。     

基于SIFT特征的人脸识别方法

根据人脸识别中对高独特性的人脸特征的要求,提出一种改进的基于SIFT算子进行人脸识别的方法,结合K-means聚类的模式匹配策略,采用局部相似性和全局相似性的计算方法对人脸图像进行相似度匹配,并在匹配过程中使用基于概率统计的权值赋予方案和相似度的平方来提高识别的准确性。实验结果证明,该方法具备鲁棒性和有效性。     

Intelligent facial emotion recognition using a layered encoding cascade optimization model

In this research, we propose a facial expression recognition system with a layered encoding cascade optimization model. Since generating an effective facial representation is a vital step to the success of facial emotion recognition, a modified Local Gabor Binary Pattern operator is first employed to derive a refined initial face representation and we then propose two evolutionary algorithms for feature optimization including (i) direct similarity and (ii) Pareto-based feature selection, under the layered cascade model. The direct similarity feature selection considers characteristics within the same emotion category that give the minimum within-class variation while the Pareto-based feature optimization focuses on features that best represent each expression category and at the same time provide the most distinctions to other expressions. Both a neural network and an ensemble classifier with weighted majority vote are implemented for the recognition of seven expressions based on the selected optimized features. The ensemble model also automatically updates itself with the most recent concepts in the data. Evaluated with the Cohn–Kanade database, our system achieves the best accuracies when the ensemble classifier is applied, and outperforms other research reported in the literature with 96.8% for direct similarity based optimization and 97.4% for the Pareto-based feature selection. Cross-database evaluation with frontal images from the MMI database has also been conducted to further prove system efficiency where it achieves 97.5% for Pareto-based approach and 90.7% for direct similarity-based feature selection and outperforms related research for MMI. When evaluated with 90° side-view images extracted from the videos of the MMI database, the system achieves superior performances with >80% accuracies for both optimization algorithms. Experiments with other weighting and meta-learning combination methods for the construction of ensembles are also explored with our proposed ensemble showing great adpativity to new test data stream for cross-database evaluation. In future work, we aim to incorporate other filtering techniques and evolutionary algorithms into the optimization models to further enhance the recognition performance.     

基于改进的轮廓线算法的三维人脸识别方法

针对二维人脸识别中受表情、姿态以及光照等因素而影响识别率的问题,在分析人脸生理结构的基础上,提出了一种基于改进的轮廓线的三维人脸识别方法,即先提取三维人脸特征点,然后提取人脸轮廓线,最后利用人脸轮廓线和特征点构成的特征模型进行三维人脸识别。试验结果证明该方法提高了人脸识别率,并具有强抗干扰能力。     

基于前后端交互的人脸识别系统

针对现有的人脸识别系统计算效率低和鲁棒性较差等问题,本文提出了一种基于前后端交互的人脸识别系统,系统包含客户端、数据库以及服务端.首先,在客户端提出了基于GrabCut的人脸兴趣区域（ROI）提取算法.其次,将提取到的ROI传输到服务端,并在服务端使用ResNet网络根据ROI提取人脸特征点.最后,将服务端中提取到的人脸特征点返回给客户端,在客户端将该信息与数据库中预存的特征点进行欧式距离匹配,得到人脸识别结果.实验在CeleA数据集与随机视频上进行测试,结果表明提出的ROI提取算法明显提升了人脸识别的精度和鲁棒性,并且系统的前后端交互结构相较于传统的非交互结构极大地提升了人脸识别的计算效率.     

A lattice-based neuro-computing methodology for real-time human action recognition

This work describes a computational approach for a typical machine-vision application, that of human action recognition from video streams. We present a method that has the following advantages: (a) no human intervention in pre-processing stages, (b) a reduced feature set, (c) modularity of the recognition system and (d) control of the model’s complexity in acceptable for real-time operation levels. Representation of each video frame and feature extraction procedure are formulated in the lattice theory context. The recognition system consists of two components: an ensemble of neural network predictors which correspond to the training video sequences and one classifier, based on the PREMONN approach, capable of deciding at each time instant which known video source has potentially generated a new sequence of frames. Extensive experimental study on three well known benchmarks validates the flexibility and robustness of the proposed approach.     

基于积分投影的人脸图像的特征提取

人脸识别是模式识别领域内的重要课题，有着十分广泛的应用前景，人脸特征的自动提取是人脸自动识别过程中重要的一步。该文采用基于人脸几何特征的方法，首先通过边缘检测和阈值技术对人脸图像进行预处理；然后分别采用水平和垂直积分投影的方法确定人脸轮廓，最后利用人脸特征的先验知识，提取出特征点。实验结果表明该人脸特征提取系统能有效地提取头部轮廓和人脸的主要特征点，实现简单，效率高，特别适合于标准证件类型的黑白照的识别。     

三维脸部网格模型的交互式调整

脸部网络模型的建立是基于模型的人脸合成技术的关键步骤。提出了一种结合自动和交互方式，利用正交图象的三维人脸模型调整算法，首先利用区域增长法和矩形模板匹配确定正面图象中人脸及各特征区域的位置，利用变形模板自动提取人脸完整特征；然后交互地修正人脸特点的准确正面位置，并从侧面图象提取特征点的深度；最后算法自动确定脸部姿态和利用反向距离内插调整模型非特征点，获得输和人脸模型。实验结果表明，该算法简便实用，费时较少，具有一定的实用价值。     

On the false rejection ratio of face recognition based on automatic detected feature points

The authors propose a new face recognition system with an evaluation function using feature points. The feature points are detected automatically by Milborrow’s Stasm software. Before recognition, rotation compensation and size normalization are applied to the feature points. The main method is to calculate the squared error between the registered face and the input face as to length of a characteristic pair of feature points on face. The False Rejection Rate (FRR) for the registered and input face of the same person, and the False Acceptance Rate (FAR) for the registered face and a different person’s input face are evaluated. The input is a video sequence. Stable recognition is obtained with small FRR and FAR for the video of a period of 0.5 s.     

Unsupervised feature selection and general pattern discovery using Self-Organizing Maps for gaining insights into the nature of seismic wavefields

This study presents an unsupervised feature selection and learning approach for the discovery and intuitive imaging of significant temporal patterns in seismic single-station or network recordings. For this purpose, the data are parametrized by real-valued feature vectors for short time windows using standard analysis tools for seismic data, such as frequency-wavenumber, polarization, and spectral analysis. We use Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs) for a data-driven feature selection, visualization and clustering procedure, which is in particular suitable for high-dimensional data sets. Our feature selection method is based on significance testing using the Wald–Wolfowitz runs test for individual features and on correlation hunting with SOMs in feature subsets. Using synthetics composed of Rayleigh and Love waves and real-world data, we show the robustness and the improved discriminative power of that approach compared to feature subsets manually selected from individual wavefield parametrization methods. Furthermore, the capability of the clustering and visualization techniques to investigate the discrimination of wave phases is shown by means of synthetic waveforms and regional earthquake recordings.