CAPP系统在制造业信息化中的应用

随着计算机相关技术的不断发展,以及制造业信息化需求水平的不断上升。如何通过计算机进行制造领域工艺的辅助设计逐渐成为大家关注的焦点之一。正是基于此,选择CAPP系统为研究对象,针对CAPP系统在制造业信息化中应用的相关问题展开详细的讨论和分析。首先分析CAPP在信息化中的应用,然后总结我国对CAPP系统在信息化中应用研究现状,最后阐述CAPP应用存在的不足与问题。希望研究能够为CAPP系统在制造业信息化中的应用实践提供一些指导,同时对于相关领域的其他研究也能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

CAD/CAPP/MRPⅡ/GT信息集成的初步研究

实现CIMS的关键技术之一是动态信息集成。奉文论述了一个CIMS雏形系统中CAD/CAPP/MRPⅡ/GT之间的信息集成技术及其实现方法。提出了在CAD系统中通过建立与工艺设计工步内容相匹配的、基于设计基本特征和工艺基本特征的特征建模技术及处理程序来实现CAD/CAPP之间信息共享的方法;论述了CAPP系坑通过与MRPⅡ系统中工艺路线管理模块之间实时信息传递来实现并行式CAPP设计的步骤;提出了在GT与MRPⅡ之间寻找一个最佳结合体——工装族制造管理系统等新思想。论文对各子系统也做了简要描述。     

制约CAPP发展的几个因素及解决途径

CAPP是连接产品设计与产品制造的桥梁，也是企业实现信息化管理的关键环节之一。本文分析了制约CAPP发展的五个因素，并避一提出了解决途径。     

基于动态制造资源数据库的工艺设计模型研究及实践——工艺设计自动化理论研究之二

当前,CAPP已成为机械制造领域高科技研究的热点,在各种CAPP系统不断问世的今天,研究工艺设计自动化的基本理论,使发展中的CAPP系统研究与实践有突破性的进展尤为迫切。为此,本文作者构造了“基于动态制造资源数据库的自动工艺设计模型”,并进行了有益的研究与实践。本丈讨论了适合计算机求解的工艺设计一般方法,介绍了动态制造资源数据库的构成,阐述了以制造资源为动态导向,实现工艺设计自动化的意义及方法。     

智能化CAPP决策

机械制造系统中联结物质流和信息流的载体CAPP是集成制造系统和柔性制造系统的关键环节。人工智能(AI)技术在CAPP决策中显示了其特殊的优越性,制造技术的发展由原始集成、、低技术经济、规模经济到高技术经济、范围经济,经历了艰难的发展历程。我国机械制造技术要适应多变市场的需求,从根本上解决决生产上的落后状况,不能不加强工艺及相关技术的研究和应用。工艺设计及工艺的智能决策是计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)中同制造紧密相关的一个重要方面。智能化CAPP决策是以推理机和知识库为基础,首先将工艺知识加以描述,建立工艺设计系统的专用推理机和知识库,然后根据推理机的推理机制和知识库的专业系统知识设计零件的加工工艺路线、刀具的运动轨迹、切削参数的合理选择、优化等。因此,推理机和知识库的设计和实现,是智能化CAPP决策的关键。智能化CAPP的评介的主要性能指标就与推理机和知识库的可靠性和适用性有密切的关系。     

计算机辅助工艺过程设计——BHAPPS—1系统介绍

一、引言 计算机辅助工艺过程设计(CAPP)是自六十年代后期出现并得到不断发展的一个新的技术领域。它是计算机和多种其它技术在工艺设计中的综合应用。 目前,国内外已掀起一场CAPP热,究竟是什么吸引了众多的专家、学者对CAPP的研究兴趣呢?这恐怕要同CAPP在众所期望实现的计算机集成制造系统(CIMS)中所起的作用和CAPP自身的高难度性以及CAPP对传统制造业改造产生的影响是分不开的。 近十几年来,计算机辅助设计(CAD)和计算机辅助制造(CAM)都得到了很大的     

发展中的CAPP理论和方法

计算机辅助工艺规划(CAPP)是设计和制造之间的重要桥梁。但是,自1965年Nibel首提CAPP的概念以来,现存的诸多问题一直阻碍着CAPP的发展,可行的CAPP系统的成功前景仍然是模糊的。本文通过深入分析近来美国、德国、日本等国的学者在CAPP的理论和方法上的新的有益的探讨,特别是对CAPP系统的体系结构,工艺规划的数据模型,CAD/CAPP/CAM的集成策略三方面的分析,力图勾画出当前CAPP的发展模式,为国内CAPP的研究和发展提供参考。     

CAPP工序图的自动生成

一、引言 工序图的绘制是CAPP中的一个重要组成部分,也是正确实施CAPP设计结果的手段之一。开发工序图绘制软件可以克服手工绘图的弊病,提高工艺设计的效率和正确性,加速实现工艺设计的标准化与现代化,然而,和常规的     

一种CAPP系统设计与技术分析

CAPP是传递和处理设计与制造信息的关键性桥梁。在对制约企业发展的因素进行分析的基础上,给出一种CAPP系统设计的方法和技术支撑。系统主要包括体系结构的建立、零件分类编码和信息输入、典型工艺规程的提取和编辑修改以及工艺文件的输出等。     

水蒸汽喷射式真空泵CAD/CAPP集成系统的开发

介绍了水蒸汽喷射式真空泵CAD/CAPP集成系统总体结构,论述了尺寸设计CAD模块、CAPP模块和数据管理模块的主要功能,实现了从设计到制造工艺的全过程自动化.     

An integrated fuzzy approach for the selection of outsourcing manufacturing partners in pharmaceutical R&D

The selection of the outsourcing manufacturing partners (OMPs) is an important issue for research and development (R&D) in the pharmaceutical industry. The selection process considers several main criteria, as well as a few sub-criteria for each main criterion. Such problems can be formulated as hierarchical structures and can usually be resolved with multi-criteria decision-making approaches. This paper presents an integrated fuzzy approach for selecting a suitable OMP in pharmaceutical R&D. In the integrated approach, fuzzy concepts are used for decision-makers’ subjective judgments to reflect the vague nature of the selection process. Fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS are included in the integrated approach. Fuzzy AHP is used to determine the fuzzy weights of criteria and sub-criteria because it can effectively determine various criteria's weights in a hierarchical structure. Fuzzy TOPSIS aims to find the OMP with the best performance with respect to the sub-criteria. We exemplify the integrated approach using a numerical application to demonstrate its feasibility.     

计算机辅助工艺规程设计系统的体系结构研究

在现代机械制造业中,计算机辅助工艺规程设计(computer aided process planning,简称CAPP)具有重要的理论意义和实际需求。本文旨在建立一个适合企业实际需要的、完善的CAPP系统体系结构,重点在CAPP体系结构理论方面的研究,并在此基础上提出适应应用环境变化的工艺规划方法和能够被企业接受的CAPP系统开发的模式。     

企业柔性:基于集成的观点

从集成的思想出发分析了柔性的内涵，认为企业柔性的目标是提高企业在动态环境条件下的整体竞争优势，柔性的基础是在更大范围内的协调优化与有效集成；从系统的角度将企业柔性分为市场柔性，研发柔性，制造柔性与组织柔性四个维度，对每个维度所包括的具体内容进行了分析；建立了企业柔性的概念模型，从整体的角度出发对企业的柔性的形式与作用机制进行了描述。     

信息分类编码技术在机械制造业的应用研究

本文从机械制造企业信息化过程入手,介绍信息分类编码在企业信息化中的重要性,对信息分类编码技术进行了较为详细的阐述,重点介绍烟草机械制造企业信息分类编码的方法、信息分类编码的原理与编码的内容.介绍了信息分类编码系统与CAD/CAPP/PDM/ERP等应用系统的关系,并结合实际应用,列举了具有代表性的原材料、外购件、零件特征码等几种分类编码方法.     

Implementation of service systems on the shop-floor level in financial service companies. Empirical evidence from Australia and Germany

This article presents the practices of Australian and German financial service providers regarding the implementation of shop-floor control within different types of service systems. The results delivered in this article should serve as a guideline for future research to develop and adapt methods for shop-floor control in financial service systems. Interviews with 25 experts from the Australian and German financial services industry reveal novel insights into the practice of shop-floor control, suggesting that methods and concepts from manufacturing are only used to a limited extent for shop-floor control. Shop-floor control is mostly used to react quickly to unexpected deviations due to a low usage of forecasts and information systems. Thus, there seems to be improvement potential in the financial services industry in comparison with in the manufacturing industry in terms of shop-floor control. Further research within the production research area should use the empirical insights to test and adapt existing methods and to develop new ones, taking cultural differences into account.     

Approaching the technological innovation frontier: evidence from Chinese SOEs

This paper studies how large State-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China are approaching the technological innovation frontier and contributes to the literature on technological catching up and leapfrogging by identifying three models or strategies of approaching the innovation frontier. In addition to the well-recognised technology transfer based strategy, pursuing emerging technologies and reinventing mature technology could also be effective, with reinventing mature technology as the most important strategy. The paper also finds that strong internal R&D capability, rather than manufacturing capability as suggested by the extant literature, is the basis of all three models. This also implies that making big organisational transformations such as changing a technology transfer centred R&D function to a proprietary technology development centred R&D function, changing a manufacturing centred culture to an innovation centred culture, and reshaping the innovation network, is an important precondition to approach the innovation frontier.     

基于派生式并具有自学习能力的CAPP原型系统研究

分析了派生式CAPP系统存在的局限性以及开发完全创成式CAPP系统尚待解决的问题,将基于实例推理的CAPP原理与传统派生式CAPP相结合,提出了一种新型的、具有自学习能力的混合型CAPP原型系统.这一系统继承了派生式CAPP的优点,同时克服了派生式CAPP系统的一些局限性,例如适应性和通用性差,即当制造资源发生变化时,原有的CAPP系统不再适用,这就导致现有的CAPP系统没有通用性.详细论述了基于派生式并具有自学习能力的CAPP原型系统的工作模式和原理,为开发具有通用性和实用性的CAPP软件提供原型和理论基础.     

Firm size and compositions of R&D expenditures: evidence from a panel of R&D performing manufacturing firms

The effect of firm size on diverse compositions of R&D expenditures is analysed in detail using firm-level data on the Korean manufacturing sector. On the grounds that each type of R&D activity differs in terms of salability in disembodied form and growth potential due to innovation, a distinction between product vs. process, and new vs. incremental R&D is made. Empirical tests show that the firm size is significantly associated with both the new and incremental R&D. Moreover, firm size is found to be significantly associated with other types of R&D compositions such as the share of R&D devoted to incremental innovation and multidimensional combinations of product, process, new and incremental R&D. These findings support the idea that large firms possess innovative advantages over smaller firms and firm size is an important determinant for firms’ heterogeneous R&D activities. We also discuss the limitations and the implications of the findings.     

A modular architecture for rapid development of CAPP systems for agile manufacturing

Current manufacturing planning software systems, such as computer aided process planning (CAPP) systems, are general and in a closed form. It is very difficult to modify these systems to respond to a user's dynamically changing needs. These systems are no longer suitable for agile manufacturing. This paper presents research aimed at developing a novel architecture for the rapid development of CAPP systems. The architecture supports the construction of CAPP systems from prepackaged, plug-compatible software components. Specifications of the architecture and its building blocks are defined. Several important issues in architecture implementation are discussed, and an experimental system is illustrated. Finally, an Internet-based distributed CAPP system architecture is presented as a preview of next generation CAPP system development.     

Digital enterprise management in China: current status and future development

Digital management plays an important role in modern enterprise management. Supported by the Chinese National High-Tech R&D Program on CIMS, the techniques and software of enterprise information systems and digital management systems have been studied and applied in China for more than 20 years. The paper provides a comprehensive review on the development, current status, and future development of enterprise information systems and digital management systems in China, as well as the software products and the market for digital management.