疲劳断裂过程中渗碳层残余奥氏体的转变

研究了20CrNiMo钢微氮渗碳层中残余奥氏体的形态,及其在疲劳断裂过程中的转变和作用。结果表明:渗碳层残余奥氏体有薄膜状和块状两种形态,由于界面取向的影响,疲劳裂纹更易于穿过块状奥氏体,促使其发生应变诱发马氏体相变。在疲劳断裂过程中,裂纹面附近的残余奥氏体大部分转变成马氏体,这种转变是在断裂瞬间发生的,与疲劳力学条件无关。转变所引起的体积膨胀增强了裂纹闭合效应。相变诱发闭合是渗碳表层高碳区疲劳裂纹扩张行为的主要因素之一。     

CORROSION FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH OF MEDIUM STRENGTH STEEL HT60 IN SYNTHETIC SEA WATER

The corrosion fatigue crack growth and near-threshold characteristics of a medium strengthsteel HT60 were investigated using compact tension specimens exposed to synthetic sea water.The da/dN-△AK_(eff) relation in air can give a conservative estimation of da/dN-△K relationsin sea water. In the case of high R, however, crack growth acceleration at high △K regionsappears to be cantrolled by the stress-assisted dissolution. The crack opening stressinlensity factor K_(op) detected by the back-face-strain method is the result of crack surface incontact with the corrosion products and therefore an overestimated value of K_(op) at the cracktip is given.     

Fe—Mn—C合金奥氏体强化对马氏体相变的影响

测定了5种Fe-Mn-C合金的M_s温度及奥氏体在M_s温度时的屈服强度,结果表明两者成线性关系。还研究了奥氏体固溶强化对马氏体形态的影响,提出存在一个奥氏体强化特征温度T_c,当M_s>T_c时,马氏体形态主要为位错型条状马氏体,当M_s相似文献   

INFLUENCE OF AUSTENITE STRENGTHENING ON MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATION IN Fe-Mn-C ALLOYS

The M_s temperature and the yield strength of austenite at M_s temperature have been meas-ured for five Fe-Mn-C alloys.The experimental results show that there is a linear relation-ship between them.The effect of the solution strengthening of austenite on martensitemorphology is also studied.It is pointed out that there is a characteristic temperature T_c inaustenite strengthening.Martensite morphology is mainly of dislocated laths when M_s>T_c,and is mainly of twinned plates when M_s相似文献   

ASPECTS OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH IN INTERMET ALLICALLOYS

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喷射沉积SiC_P／Al-7Si复合材料的疲劳裂纹扩展

采用紧凑拉伸试样进行恒载和降K控制的拉--拉疲劳实验, 研究了喷射沉积SiC_p/Al-7Si复合材料及其基体的疲劳裂纹扩展行为. 通过金相显微镜和扫描电镜观察了复合材料及其基体的组织和疲劳裂纹扩展形貌, 研究了SiC颗粒对复合材料疲劳裂纹扩展机制的影响. 结果表明: 复合材料在任何相同的ΔK水平下其抗疲劳裂纹扩展能力优于基体材料, 并表现出较高的疲劳门槛值. 其原因是复合材料中裂纹裂尖遇到增强颗粒时, 裂纹发生偏转, 特别是SiC颗粒自身微裂纹萌生有效降低了裂纹尖端的应力强度因子, 复合材料的裂纹闭合效应也随之增大. 去除裂纹闭合效应的影响, 当有效应力因子ΔK_eff作为裂纹扩展的驱动力时, 复合材料的裂纹扩展速率却高于基体.     

3.5%NaCl溶液对铝合金疲劳裂纹扩展特性的影响

对高强铝合金7050—T7451在模拟海水(3.5%NaCl溶液)的疲劳裂纹扩展特性进行了试验研究结果表明,3.5%NaCl溶液加速了7050—T7451铝合金的疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN.考虑应力比影响的有效应力强度因子面ΔKefT可以满意地表征不同环境中的的da/dN.裂纹面上的腐蚀产物较薄,对疲劳裂纹闭合的影响可以忽略不计.     

HT60高拉力钢在人工海水中的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展特性

对高拉力钢HT60的腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展特性和门槛值区域特性,采用紧凑拉伸试件在人工海水中进行了实验和研究,结果表明:在空气中的da/dN与ΔK_(cff)关系可以作为在海水中的da/dN与ΔK关系的一个偏保守的预测;在高应力比的高ΔK区域,由于应力诱起溶解促进了裂纹扩展的加速;该裂纹开口应力强度因子K_(op)仅反映了裂纹表面同腐蚀生成物接触的结果,从而导致了K_(op)在裂纹尖端的偏大的估计结果。     

循环载荷下裂尖形变规律的实验研究

应用散斑干涉技术，在常幅载荷下对疲劳裂纹扩展过程中的一个循环周期内，不同加载阶段的裂尖应变、裂纹张开位移进行了原位测量，给出了裂纹闭合对裂纹张开位移及裂尖形变的影响规律。结果表明：由于裂纹闭合和残余压应力的存在，疲劳裂尖应变与外加载荷的平方并不成正比，在加载初期，裂纹处于闭合状态，裂尖应变无明显变化，随着载荷的增加，裂纹逐渐由远离裂尖处张开并向裂尖发展，一旦裂纹完全张开，裂尖应变迅速增加，对裂尖应力-应变状态的分析表明，裂尖材料的应力-应变关系类似于光滑试样低周拉压疲劳应力-应变滞后关系。     

疲劳裂纹扩展的非比例过载效应SCIEI

本工作研究了比例(Ⅰ型)过载及非比例(复合型)过载对常幅Ⅰ型疲劳裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明:Ⅰ型过载所引起的裂纹滞后扩展效应远较复合型为强。因此,在估算疲劳寿命时将零、构件实际承受的过载(大都为非比例过载)简单地当作比例过载处理,可能会过高地估计寿命,带来不安全因素。文章从Ⅰ型及复合型过载所引起的裂纹钝化、裂端塑性区的形状、尺寸及裂纹闭合等方面讨论了它们对裂纹扩展滞后效应的影响。     

RETAINED AUSTENITE IN LASER PROCESSED STEELS

1.IhtroductionStmctureandpropertiesOfsteelsafterlaserprocessing(LP)havebeenstudiedbynumberofresearchers.Inthegreatmajorityofthestudies,specialattentionhasbeenpaidtochangestakingplaceininartensite.Farlessattentionhasbeengiventoretainedaustenitesearch.%tiealmetallo~wasusedalso."Thermo"computerprogramwasemployedforcomputationofthermalcyclep~tersddringlaserprocessing[.'jTh.eXPerimentalmethodsaredescribedinmoredetail[5--8).3.ffesatts3.1QuantityoftheretainedausteniteEffectOfcarbonontherAcontenti…     

EFFECT OF NON-PROPORTIONAL OVERLOADING ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH

The effect of proportional and non-proportional overloading on mode l fatigue crack growthhave been studied,and the influences of crack tip plastic zone,crack tip blunting as well ascrack closure were discussed.Proportional(model I)overloading may cause more seriouscrack growth retardation than non-proportional(mixed mode)overloading.Therefore,forestimating the fatigue life of engineering structures to simplify a real overload which may of-ten be non-proportional as a proportional one is not always safe.     

超高强度钢疲劳塑性区内的应变诱发马氏体相变

对一种低碳马氏体型超高强度钢疲劳断口薄膜试样的电子衍射分析表明,疲劳塑性区内的残余奥氏体在交变应力的作用下转变为马氏体.本文就这种应变诱发相变对疲劳性能的作用机理进行了分析讨论.     

钢在海水中阴极保护条件下的裂纹扩展特征SCIEI

研究了WFG362钢和A537CL1海洋平台用钢在海水中阴极保护下裂纹扩展的特征。实验结果表明:Ca,Mg沉淀物对裂纹扩展有阻碍作用,使裂纹扩展速率不再随ΔK单调上升,扩展速率曲线成V字型,在一定的ΔK值下扩展速率达到最小值。此外沉积物的作用也使最佳阴极保护电位区间发生了变化,-800—-900mV和-1100—-1500mV为海水中这种材料的最佳保护电位区间,-950—-1000mV范围内为十分有害的区间。     

EFFECT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION ON RETAINED AUSTENITE IN TRIP STEEL

The systematic chemical compositions including common C, Si, Mn, Al, and micro-alloying elements of Ti and Nb were designed for high volume fraction of retained austenite as much as possible. The thermo-cycle experiments were conducted by using Gleeble 2000 thermo-dynamic test machine for finding the appropriate composition. The experimental results showed that chemical composition had a significant effect on retained austenite, and the appropriate compositions were determined for commercial production of TRIP steels.     

Ce对2090Al-Li合金疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响SCIEI

研究了7075,2090和2090+Ce合金的疲劳裂纹扩展行为。2090合金的名义疲劳裂纹扩展抗力优于7075合金,归因于其高的裂纹闭合效应,但其本征疲劳裂纹扩展抗力低于7075合金。在2090合金中添加微量Ce,可同时提高其本征疲劳裂纹扩展抗力和裂纹闭合效应,故其名义疲劳裂纹扩展抗力大幅度提高。     

国产海洋用钢36Z焊缝腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的研究SCIEI

本文给出了国产海洋用钢36z焊缝及热影响区在人工合成海水中不同频率的裂纹扩展特征,并与国外同样强度级别的海洋用钢A537焊缝的裂纹扩展率进行了比较。结果表明,在人工合成海水中国产钢焊缝和热影响区低频比高频下的裂纹扩展率分别高3—5倍和4—10倍;国产钢焊缝与A537焊缝的裂纹扩展率基本相当。本文对腐蚀介质下焊缝裂纹扩展规律和断裂特征进行了讨论。     

残余压应力场中疲劳短裂纹扩展模型及实验

结合实验讨论了残余应力对裂纹扩展作用的模型及其存在的问题。指出用公式△Ｋｅｆｆ＝（Ｋｍａｘ＋λＫｒ）－Ｋｏｐ中较准确地计算出残余压应力场中裂纹的扩展速率。残余压应力既使裂纹闭合力提高，又使最大应力强度因子降低，两者均使裂纹扩展驱动力△Ｋｅｆｆ减少，因而降低了裂纹的扩展速率。     

INVESTIGATION OF THE LOW-CYCLE FATIGUE AND FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH BEHAVIORS OF P91 BASE METAL AND WELD JOINTS

Low cycle fatigue tests and crack growth propagations tests on P91 pipe base metal and its weld joints were conducted at three different temperatures: room temperature, 550℃ and 575℃. The strain-life was analyzed, and the changes in fatigue life behavior and fatigue growth rates with increasing temperature were discussed. The different properties of the base metal and its weld joint have been analyzed.     

谱载荷下的短裂纹扩展规律及疲劳损伤的研究

本文研究了一种谱载荷作用下的短裂纹扩展规律，并对谱载荷下的疲劳损伤进行了预测与分析，实验发现；谱载荷下的单边穿透短裂纹和缺口短纹都能够在长裂纹的槛植以下以国高的速率扩展，表现出与常幅下短裂纹相似的扩展规律。