Oxidative stability of fish oil enriched drinking yoghurt

The oxidative stability of fish oil enriched drinking yoghurt as well as the antioxidative effect of citric acid ester, vitamin K and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were investigated by measuring peroxide value and volatile secondary oxidation products and by sensory analysis. No oxidation was observed in yoghurt stored at 2 °C for up to 19 days, with or without addition of citric acid ester. Fish oil enriched yoghurt was also very stable even when compared to yoghurt with added rapeseed oil or a mixture of rapeseed oil and fish oil stored for up to 29 days. The addition of 50 μm iron to yoghurt did not promote oxidation. The results obtained may indicate an antioxidative effect of EDTA and pro-oxidative effect of vitamin K. All yoghurts had similar viscosity and droplet size. In summary, fish oil enriched drinking yoghurt is very stable towards oxidation.     

Oxidative stability and consumer acceptance of fish oil fortified nutrition bars

Oat and soy-based nutrition bars were fortified with 4 levels of fish oil (0, 6, 12, or 18 g per approximately 600 g batch), representing 0%, 20%, 40%, or 60% replacement of canola oil. The commercially available purified fish oil was not emulsified nor encapsulated, and contained tocopherols. Baked nutrition bars were evaluated for proximate composition, water activity, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) content, and consumer acceptance using a 9-point hedonic scale. The bars were sealed in opaque bags and stored in a stability chamber at 25 °C and 50% relative humidity for 10 wk to assess oxidative stability. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in proximate composition, water activity, or ALA levels among treatments. EPA and DHA levels were significantly (P < 0.05) different among treatments, averaging 178.1 mg/serving (20-FO), 488.3 mg/serving (40-FO), and 664.6 mg/serving (60-FO), but none changed during storage. Headspace hexanal and propanal levels decreased over time but were not significantly different among treatments until week 10. Peroxide values were not significantly different except between the control and 60-FO bars. Low values obtained for these analyses suggest negligible oxidation in the bars. Consumer acceptance scores did not differ significantly between the control and lowest fortification level (20-FO), ranging from 6.4 to 6.6 for aroma, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability. These results suggest that nonemulsified, nonencapsulated fish oil can successfully replace canola oil in intermediate moisture nutrition bars to provide EPA and DHA levels as high as 178 mg/serving without affecting consumer acceptability or oxidative stability. Practical Application: Omega-3 fatty acid rich fish oil has been shown to have numerous health benefits, but there are limitations to its use in shelf-stable food products. In this study, nutrition bars were successfully fortified with nonencapsulated, nonemulsified fish oil to deliver 178 mg EPA and DHA per 35 g serving. The fortified bars were oxidatively stable over 10 wk and acceptable to consumers.     

Heat-oxidation stability of palm oil blended with extra virgin olive oil

Rancimat induction time of palm oil (PO), several extra virgin olive oils (EV) and their binary blends have been determined at three different temperatures (120, 130 and 140°C). Analytical composition and oxidation stability of PO/EV blends were found to be a linear combination of the oil partners. Induction time of pure PO was always higher than those of EV oils and blends, in which induction time increased proportionally with the percentage of PO. However, induction time of 80% PO blend was similar to that of pure PO. Fatty acid composition appeared to be the most important factor affecting heat-oxidation stability and a saturated/unsaturated ratio near 1 was the optimally stable composition. Conversely, total phenols had a zero or negative role on the oxidative stability of the blends. Finally, in heat-oxidised oils significant losses of polyunsaturated fatty acids and formation of short-chain fatty acids were recorded.     

Oxidative stability of fish oil supplemented with carnosic acid compared with synthetic antioxidants during long-term storage

The effects of carnosic acid (CA) of different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/g) and synthetic antioxidants on oxidative stability in fish oil stored for 66 days at different temperatures (30 and 4 °C) were compared. The investigation focused on the increase in peroxide and conjugated diene values, as well as free fatty acid and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. The changes in trans fatty acid and aldehyde compound contents were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while the changes in polyunsaturated fatty acid content were monitored by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results show that the three CA concentrations were more effective in restraining fish oil oxidation, in which a dose–response relationship was observed. The antioxidant activity of CA was stronger than that of vitamin E, but still weaker than that of tertiary-butyl hydroquinone. Fish oil supplemented with 0.2 mg/g CA exhibited favourable antioxidant effects and is preferable for effectively avoiding oxidation.     

Oxidative stability of extra virgin olive oil blended with sesame seed oil during storage: an optimization study based on combined design methodology

In this study, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) was mixed with sesame seed oil (SSO) at different concentrations (100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30 and 60:40 w/w) and stored for 90 days at room conditions. To see the effect of mixing level and storage period, a combined design having two mixtures (EVOO and SSO) and one process factor (storage period) was used. Main oxidation parameters (free fatty acid content, refractive index, peroxide value and p-anisidine value) and major fatty acid composition of the samples were characterized. It was observed that EVOO is quite sensitive to oxidation compared to SSO and increase of SSO in the blended oil samples decreased the oxidation of the product during storage. Major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Addition of SSO caused a significantly change in the fatty acid composition. The results showed that EVOO could be stored for longer time by mixing of SSO having strong antioxidant activity.     

大豆聚合油氧化稳定性的研究

以大豆油为原料,通过真空负压工艺下的热聚合反应合成大豆油墨连接料——大豆聚合油。选取蒽醌和催化剂9908作为催化剂,得到两种比较典型的大豆聚合油作为研究氧化稳定性的对象,通过Rancimat实验方法,推测大豆聚合油的货架期。实验综合分析得出:25℃常温下大豆聚合油可保存6590h,即货架期约0.75年。     

Oxidative stability of mayonnaise and milk drink produced with structured lipids based on fish oil and caprylic acid

The oxidative stabilities of traditional fish oil (FO), randomized lipids (RFO), or specific structured lipids (SFO) produced from fish oil were compared when incorporated into either milk drink or mayonnaise. Furthermore, the effect of adding the potential antioxidants EDTA (240 mg/kg) or lactoferrin (1000 mg/kg) to the milk drink based on SFO was investigated. The lipid type significantly affected the oxidative stability of both mayonnaises and milk drinks: The oxidative stability decreased in the order RFO>FO>SFO. The reduced oxidative stability in the SFO food emulsions could not be ascribed to a single factor, but was most likely influenced by the structure of the lipids and differences in the processes used to produce and purify the lipids. In milk drinks based on SFO, EDTA slightly reduced oxidation, while lactoferrin did not exert a distinct antioxidative effect.     

包装葵花籽油氧化稳定性研究

研究了包装葵花籽油初始过氧化值、顶空部分的残氧量和温度对保质期内葵花籽油氧化稳定性的影响。结果发现:氧气和高温共同作用会使油品加速氧化,在无氧状态下单纯高温对葵花籽油的影响不显著;灌装前葵花籽油初始过氧化值小于2.5 mmol/kg,能确保包装葵花籽油在最大残氧量的状态下,过氧化值在保质期内符合国家标准;瓶内顶空部分的残氧量越低,越有利于包装葵花籽油的质量稳定。     

磷脂酶A1酶法脱胶精炼油稳定性研究

通过改变酶法脱胶工艺条件,寻找一种提高磷脂酶A1(PLA1)酶法脱胶精炼油稳定性的方法.分别考察了水洗、柠檬酸的添加及脱色剂对酶法脱胶精炼油稳定性的影响.结果显示,水洗、添加柠檬酸在一定程度上能改善PLA1酶法脱胶精炼油的稳定性,但效果不及在脱色过程中添加活性炭明显.在脱色过程中添加0.1％的活性炭可以有效改善PLA1酶法脱胶精炼油的稳定性,达到可以和化学精炼油相似的效果.     

Oxidative stability of virgin olive oil enriched with carnosic acid

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of carnosic acid on the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil. Two different amounts of carnosic acid (0.01 and 0.1 g/100 g oil) and two different temperatures (accelerated aging temperature, 60 °C; deep frying temperature, 180 °C) were considered. The influence of carnosic acid and heating time on the stability of the oils was studied by experimental design. The results obtained at 60 °C showed a dose dependent inhibition in the formation of primary and secondary oxidation products and a dose dependent enhancement of radical scavenging activity, which was only less significantly influenced by heating time. On the contrary, at 180 °C no protective effect against lipid oxidation was observed and the radical scavenging activity was practically zeroed by heating, probably as a consequence of a fast decomposition of carnosic acid.     

葵花籽调和油抗氧化性研究

以葵花籽油为主,选用新鲜的花生油、小麦胚芽油作为调和油的原料油,按照一定比例调制成富含VE的葵花籽调和油.再通过正交实验和二次回归正交实验确定了大蒜油、脂溶性茶多酚等作为抗氧化剂在调和油中的最佳添加量.调和油储藏6个月后,以油中VE、酸值、过氧化值和羰基值来衡量其抗氧化效果.     

Composition and properties of milk and butter from cows fed fish oil

A control diet and a fish oil diet were fed to 12 multiparous Holstein cows to determine how the incorporation of Menhaden fish oil in the diet would influence the fatty acid composition, especially the conjugated linoleic acid and transvaccenic acid, contents of milk and butter. The control diet consisted of a 50:50 ratio of forage to concentrate, and the fish oil diet consisted of the control diet with 2% (on a dry matter basis) added fish oil. Milk from cows fed the control diet contained higher average concentrations of milk fat (3.37%) compared with milk from cows fed the fish oil diet (2.29%). Milk from cows fed fish oil contained higher concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid, transvaccenic acid, and total unsaturated fatty acids (0.68 and 2.51; 1.42 and 6.28; and 30.47 and 41.71 g/100 g of fat, respectively). Butter made from the fish oil diet milk also had higher concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid, transvaccenic acid, and unsaturated fatty acids. Penetrometer readings indicated fish oil diet butters were softer at 4 and 20 degrees C than the control diet butters. Acid degree values were similar in the fish oil butters compared with the control butters. No significant difference was found in the flavor characteristics of milk and butter from cows fed the control and fish oil diets. Production of milk and butter with increased amounts of conjugated linoleic acid, transvaccenic acid, and other beneficial fatty acids may have a desirable impact on the health of consumers and lead to increased sales.     

Properties and stability of butter oil obtained from milk and yoghurt

The physical and chemical characteristics and thermal stability of butter oil produced from cow's milk by two different methods were studied. Butter oil samples from cow's milk were made (i) directly from milk and (ii) from yoghurt. Samples were autoxidized at 60, 70 and 80 degrees C in the dark and the reaction monitored by peroxide, thiobarbituric acid and free fatty acid values. Peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values increased as the temperature increased. The increase of the acid value was not significant. The thermal stability was highest in butter oil produced from yoghurt. Oxidative changes compared to hydrolytic changes are of greater significance in the thermal stability of butter oil samples. Arrhenius parameters and activation energies were calculated for the peroxide value data. The percent loss of linolenic acid was about 3 times faster than that of linoleic acid.     

冷榨脱皮菜籽油氧化稳定性研究

油菜籽是我国最重要油料作物之一,冷榨脱皮菜籽油是绿色、无污染食用油脂产品。该研究采用Schaal烘箱加速法,以TBHQ、PG、VE为抗氧化剂、V_C为增效剂,及过氧化值为试验指标,研究光线、温度等对冷榨脱皮菜籽油抗氧化性能影响。结果表明,光线、温度对冷榨脱皮菜籽油氧化过程均有影响,且温度影响显著;TBHQ对冷榨脱皮菜籽油具有良好抗氧化效果,V_C具有协同增效作用,而PG和VE则无显著作用。     

黑果枸杞籽油的氧化稳定性研究

以黑果枸杞籽油为研究对象,探究黑果枸杞籽油储藏过程中,水、空气、温度、金属离子、光照、抗氧化剂对其过氧化值(POV)的影响。结果表明:黑果枸杞籽油在避光、密封、低温、含有少量水的条件下储藏,其POV增长慢于对照组;添加不同金属离子的黑果枸杞籽油在(100±1)℃储藏132h,POV从高到低依次为FeCl_3 MnSO_4 K_2SO_4 CuSO_4对照组 NaCl MgCl_2 AlCl_3 CaCl_2ZnCl_2,其中添加了FeCl_3、MnSO_4、K_2SO_4、CuSO_4升高了黑果枸杞籽油的POV,而添加MgCl_2、AlCl_3、NaCl、CaCl_2、ZnCl_2降低了黑果枸杞籽油的POV,但降低效果不明显;加入抗氧化剂的黑果枸杞籽油的POV均低于对照组,抗氧化能力依次为TBHQ+BHA TBHQ+VE TBHQ BHA BHA+VE VE。     

Furan fatty acids in butter and butter oil

Summary Nine furan fatty acids (F-acids), among which 12,15-epoxy-13,14-dimethyleicosa-12,14-dienoic acid and 10,13-epoxy-11,12-dimethyloctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid predominated, were detected in butter and butter oil. The total amount of the F-acids in four butter samples varied between 116 and 476 mg/kg.

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Furanfettsäuren in Butter und Butterschmalz

Zusammensetzung Neun Furanfettsäuren (F-Säuren), unter denen die 12, 15-Epoxy-13,14-dimethyleicosa-12, 14-diensäure und die 10,13-Epoxy-11,12-dimethyloctadeca-10,12-diensäure dominierten, wurden in Butter und Butterschmalz nachgewiesen. In vier Butterproben variierte der Gehalt der F-Säuren zwischen 116 und 476 mg/kg.

     

DHA油脂在精炼过程中氧化稳定性的变化

分析了DHA毛油依次经历脱胶、碱炼、脱色、脱臭等环节后,油脂的微组成及氧化稳定性变化.结果显示,在整个精炼过程中各微组分的含量整体呈下降趋势. DHA油脂对光稳定性:精油＞脱色油＞毛油/脱胶＞碱炼油;DHA油脂对热稳定性(Rancimat法):脱色油＞精油＞脱胶油＞毛油＞碱炼油.DHA油脂在脱色环节之前,氧化稳定性差归因于其中促进氧化的微组分过多.在脱色环节之后油脂对热稳定性变差,归因于内源性的抗氧化组分在脱臭环节中大量损失.     

鱼油纳米乳的制备及贮藏稳定性研究

采用高压均质法,以乳清分离蛋白(WPI)乳化包埋鱼油制备鱼油纳米乳。采用单因素实验研究了主要因素对包封率和吸光比(SRI)的影响,并以包封率为指标,进行正交实验优化工艺配方。同时以不同压力处理的鱼油纳米乳为对照,分别考察了4、25℃条件下鱼油纳米乳的贮藏稳定性。结果表明:最佳工艺配方为乳清分离蛋白质量浓度25 g/L,鱼油添加量100 g/L,均质压力80 MPa,均质次数4次。采用最佳工艺配方制备的鱼油纳米乳的包封率为96.4%,SRI为0.113。稳定性实验结果表明鱼油经纳米乳包埋可显著提高鱼油氧化稳定性,高压处理有利于提高鱼油纳米乳的稳定性,鱼油纳米乳在4℃的贮藏稳定性高于25℃的贮藏稳定性,80 MPa处理鱼油纳米乳经4、25℃放置30 d乳析指数分别为0、1.4%,鱼油纳米乳经25℃放置60 d后过氧化值及渗漏率分别为4.25 meq/kg、5.89%。     

DHA油脂在精炼过程中氧化稳定性的变化

分析了DHA毛油依次经历脱胶、碱炼、脱色、脱臭等环节后,油脂的微组成及氧化稳定性变化。结果显示,在整个精炼过程中各微组分的含量整体呈下降趋势。DHA油脂对光稳定性:精油>脱色油>毛油/脱胶>碱炼油;DHA油脂对热稳定性(Rancimat法):脱色油>精油>脱胶油>毛油>碱炼油。DHA油脂在脱色环节之前,氧化稳定性差归因于其中促进氧化的微组分过多。在脱色环节之后油脂对热稳定性变差,归因于内源性的抗氧化组分在脱臭环节中大量损失。