基于熵值法和DEA 的区域建筑业发展综合分析

为探究我国30 个省（市）区域建筑业发展情况,通过熵值法评价建筑业可持续发展水平,衡量建筑业可持续发展程度,利用数据包络法对建筑业发展效率进行分析,反映建筑业发展质量。结果表明:建筑业可持续发展水平2014 年后呈现下降趋势,西部内陆地区相对于东、中部沿江沿海地区发展水平更低。建筑业发展效率整体较高,呈现北部到南部、东北至西南递减的趋势。根据可持续发展水平和发展效率两个维度将30 个省市分成四类,综合分析全国建筑业发展情况,并提出针对性的解决方案。     

建筑业环境承载力测度及提升策略研究

构建我国建筑业环境承载力评价体系,并运用层次分析和熵值法对我国建筑业环境承载力进行测度;采用库兹涅茨曲线模型,论证我国建筑业经济与环境发展之间的关系;在此基础上,给出提升建筑业环境承载力的策略,为我国建筑业可持续发展提供参考。     

可持续视角下EPC项目评标决策

在环境保护和转型升级的双重压力下,建筑业面临技术和管理上的重大转变。技术上绿色化、工业化和数字化成为建筑业可持续发展的重要手段,管理上EPC模式成为未来的发展方向,而传统的评标办法无法适应当前变化,为使EPC项目的评标决策更适应建筑业可持续发展的趋势,构建了基于熵权-均值赋权和改进TOPSIS法的EPC项目评标决策模型。研究从政策标准、学术文献和工程案例三个角度出发建立可持续发展视角下EPC项目的评标指标体系;采用熵权法和均值法,根据工程实践中的评标数据赋予指标权重;考虑到传统TOPSIS法的逆序问题,引入绝对理想解的概念,进而提出改进TOPSIS法来建立评标决策模型。实证分析表明：基于熵权-均值组合赋权和改进TOPSIS法的EPC项目评标决策合理有效。     

熵、能源与生态建筑

从"熵"理论看大量消耗能源和资源的建筑业,在开发设计阶段就应考虑实现可持续发展观,同时需要城市决策者、开发商、规划师、建筑师、工程师共同关注能源节约、循环经济、自然与社会、室内外环境、社区和谐等生态问题,使建筑成为可持续发展的生态建筑。     

可持续发展条件下的工程项目管理

通过对建筑业中出现的环境问题的介绍,认识到可持续发展的重要性,探讨了可持续发展条件下的工程项目管理组织方法和实施方法,旨在为我国建筑业的可持续发展提供一些理论参考。     

基于可持续发展理念的建筑业绿色施工探讨

在城市化和工业化快速推进的背景下,实施绿色施工对我国建筑业可持续发展有着重要的现实意义。本文从可持续发展理念的视角出发,阐述绿色施工对转变建筑业增长方式的重要作用,分析了绿色施工的现状。旨在为建筑业推进绿色施工,实现可持续发展提供理论基础与应用指导。     

新时代建筑业高质量发展测度体系的构建及评价

新时代背景下,研究和推进建筑业高质量发展对于建筑业和国民经济都具有重要的战略意义。以五大发展理念为指导思想,在经济高质量发展理论的基础上,构建建筑业高质量发展测度体系,借助熵权TOPSIS法评价2017年度中国30省的建筑业高质量发展水平,并分析其空间分布格局,在此基础上提出相应的政策建议,以期为推动我国建筑业高质量发展提供参考。     

浅谈建筑之熵

人类对不同功能的建筑及其空间的需求导致了不同的建筑形态,建筑形态的不确定性造就了形形色色的建筑.从建筑形态的角度,借助“熵”的概念探讨建筑的基本属性,即建筑的不确定性.分别从熵增原理、耗散结构、最大熵原理等定律看待大量消耗能源和资源的建筑业,并对维特鲁威提的建筑三原则进行了分析.提出在开发设计阶段考虑负熵流入,同时以负熵最大化为目标,使建筑可持续发展,在此基础上建立生态建筑.     

区域建筑业政策实施效果评价研究

伴随着中国城镇化进程的逐步推进,建筑业在近年来取得了长足的发展与进步。对于建筑业尚处在产业发展初级阶段的中国而言,产业政策对建筑业发展的作用不容忽视,因此明确产业政策的影响有利于引导建筑业健康持续地发展。在产业政策评价理论的基础上,构建区域建筑业政策评价综合体系,选取熵值法确定指标权重,并以近10年来浙江省建筑业统计数据为基础,运用模糊优选模型评价浙江省建筑业政策实施效果。结果显示,浙江省建筑产业政策对建筑业发展起到了至关重要的作用,但局部地方仍然存在一定不足,最后给出相应调整改善建议。     

建筑业可持续发展评价方法研究

从可持续发展水平、可持续发展效率、可持续发展潜力、资源消耗和环境效益5个方面设计了建筑业可持续发展指标体系,有别于以往单纯考虑发展程度的评价模型。引入系统协调性的理念,构建了基于主成分分析与回归分析相结合的建筑业可持续发展评价模型,并针对辽宁省建筑业相关数据进行了实证分析。结果表明,辽宁省建筑业可持续发展并不是总处在协调发展轨迹上。     

建设项目可持续发展评价及其应用模式研究

建设项目可持续发展评价对于促进可持续发展战略的实施具有重要的作用。本文对建设项目可持续发展评价指标体系的建立，评价标准的确定，以及建设项目可持续发展评价在我国的应用模式进行了分析，提出了建设项目可持续发展评价应分阶段进行，并与可行性研究、环境影响评价等制度相结合的建议。     

基于信息流分析的建设项目可持续性研究

建设项目的可持续性是实现社会可持续发展的重要方面。基于信息流分析方法对建设项目全生命周期所涉及的重要信息进行了深入分析,在此基础上,通过文献分析和专家调查法,指出当前建设项目可持续性实践中在信息流方面存在的主要问题,包括建筑业生产的离散性导致的沟通问题、设计阶段对建设项目可持续性考虑不足、不健全的政策和法律法规、信息自身质量等,并针对这些问题给出了相应的改进方案。研究成果有利于建设项目可持续性的实现。     

Simulating the impacts of policy scenarios on the sustainability performance of infrastructure projects

Sustainable development principles have been implemented in various sectors including the construction industry since it was published in the Brundtland Commission Report in 1987. In line with this development, implementation of infrastructure construction projects has been given particular attention as they have more significant impacts on the environment, society and economy. It is considered that proper development and operation of infrastructure projects such as highways can contribute significantly to the mission of sustainable development. However, there is little existing work to provide appropriate methods to assess the sustainability performance of infrastructure projects. The study described in this paper introduces a simulation model, using system dynamics principle, to evaluate the sustainability performance of highway infrastructure projects during the construction and operation stage. The study introduces the indicators which measure the sustainability performance of highway projects and identifies the dynamic factors affecting indicator performance by referring to the relevant feasibility studies of highway projects. A real highway project is presented to demonstrate the application of the simulation model in evaluating the sustainability performance of the project. The case study is used to explore the solutions for improving those poor sustainability performance areas through policy scenarios.     

建设项目可持续发展能力评估模型研究

本文根据可持续发展的一般原理和建设项目的特点,对建设项目在其生命周期内的可持续发展能力进行了定义,提出了一个可用于评估建设项目可持续发展能力的定量模型,并通过一个实际案例的应用,对模型中使用的各种指标参数作出了说明。     

Zum Thema “Nachhaltigkeit” in der Stahlbauindustrie

Assessment of sustainability in the steel construction industry. The requirement for sustainability in construction results from deficits that currently exist in buildings in view of climate protection and energy efficiency. Systems for the assessment of sustainability will have a great impact on the competitiveness of construction and engineering services and on the real estate market. The new German assessment system gives clear quantitative reproducible sustainability criteria and is competitive in relation to other existing assessment systems. As energy efficiency is the dominant sustainability criterion for buildings, the paper demonstrates with examples from steel structures, how new innovative solutions for products and prefabricated components develop from integrating different aspects as structural resistance, serviceability and energy efficiency in the design. This leads to the concept of integrated design. Sustainable construction opens new fields for technology, markets, research and development in the steel construction field.     

中国近期乡建发展概况与类型解析

近年来，我国掀起了新一轮乡建热潮，其参与主体、内容和形式都呈现出极为复杂多元的局面，需要学界客观的分析和认知。论文通过对我国三次乡建发展历程的梳理，从经济、社会、文化、生态等四方面探讨近期乡建兴起的原因，以“问题——目标——实践”模式为导向总结出乡建的四大类型：以经济可持续为目标的产业发展、以社会可持续为目标的社区重构、以文化可持续为目标的文化复兴、以生态可持续为目标的环境保护。并以典型案例评析各种类型化实践的设计理念、实践方法、实施效果与实施限制，以期为我国乡村未来可持续发展提供借鉴。     

Sustainable construction management: introduction of the operational context space (OCS)

Sustainable construction is an emerging field of science that aims at incorporating the general sustainable development concepts into conventional construction practices. While the foundation of knowledge in this field is continuously expanding, sustainable construction is not yet standard industry practice. One major technical barrier that hinders enacting sustainable construction is the absence of an application framework that integrates both sustainability and construction practices at an operational level. This shortcoming is being addressed through a three‐dimensional operational context space (OCS) that achieves the sought integration aspect. The three dimensions of OCS are: (1) project life cycle phases; (2) project executing entities; and (3) sustainability performance parameters. Such OCS facilitates the association of responsibility, by assigning each sustainability requirement to a specific project entity (or entities) during specific project phase(s), and further provides a numerical assessment for construction projects using sustainability as a criterion. Steps of constructing the OCS and how it could be employed in the evaluation and benchmarking of a project's environmental performance are examined, along with sample illustrations in the area of construction waste management.     

Industrial building design stage based on a system approach to their environmental sustainability

It is well known how the construction sector wields an enormous influence over economic activity, employment and growth rates. Further consideration still needs to be given to sustainability. Accordingly, an Integrated Value Model for Sustainable Assessment is presented in this article that applies a set of six study scopes to define the sustainability criteria of industrial buildings. Assignment of value functions to the sustainability criteria is then described in the context of a case study of a printing works, which demonstrates the effectiveness of this model at unifying both qualitative and quantitative indicators, in order to arrive at a specific “environmental sustainability index” for the industrial building.     

建设项目可持续性概念与后评价研究

本文介绍了建设项目可持续性后评价研究的背景和意义,对建设项目可持续性的概念进行了透彻的分析,重点研究了可持续性概念的外延、内涵、核心和本质特征,并对建设项目可持续性后评价的指标体系、评价内容和评价方法进行了论述。     

Construction ecology and metabolism: natural system analogues for a sustainable built environment

Applying the principles of sustainability to human activities ultimately must result in the scrutiny of all sectors of economic activity to assess the changes required to provide for a high quality of life for future generations. A high priority for evaluation, in the light of its impacts on environmental quality and resources, is industrial activity in general and the construction industry specifically. The construction sector consumes 40% of all extracted materials in the USA, and accounts for 30% of national energy consumption for its operation. The sustainability of this industrial sector is dependent on a fundamental shift in the way resources are used, from non-renewables to renewables, from high levels of waste to high levels of reuse and recycling, and from products based on lowest first cost to those based on life-cycle costs and full cost accounting, especially as applied to waste and emissions from the industrial processes that support construction activity. The emerging field of industrial ecology provides some insights into sustainability in the built environment or sustainable construction. Construction, like other industries, would benefit from observing the metabolic behaviour of natural systems where sustainability is built in. This paper describes a view of the construction industry based on natural systems and industrial ecology for the purpose of beginning the discovery of how to shift the construction industry and its supporting materials industries onto a path much closer to the ideals of sustainability.