生产系统业务和制造流程再造的层次化方法

运用约束理论的思想,结合Petri网建模工具,提出了一种生产系统再造的流程结构优化和瓶颈优化的层次化方法,并对如何运用时间Petri网模型寻找和消除约束进行了探讨.这一方法有助于有效确定再造的重点,明确再造范围,从而提高再造的成功率.最后介绍了这个方法在企业的应用.     

基于贡献度模型的生产系统约束判别方法

基于系统组成要素可以用多个属性描述的假设,建立了多属性的模糊关系矩阵,提出了一种基于贡献度模型的约束判别方法.该模型可以深入分析每个属性对整个系统的贡献大小与原因,对生产系统流程再造进行过程跟踪与控制.通过分析系统环节要素的变化对整个系统贡献度的影响,找出影响整个系统效率的约束环节.最后,进行了案例分析.     

基于约束理论的动态联盟业务流程再造分析

为了解决动态联盟管理与控制的困难和风险,提高动态联盟的效率以及核心竞争力,针对动态联盟进行企业流程再造是一种重要方式.基于约束理论并运用模糊评价方式,建立了动态联盟流程再造分析体系,提出了确定瓶颈的层次化的模糊综合评价算法.通过对瓶颈的追踪和确认,为进一步的流程再造提供方向,从而实现动态联盟绩效的改进.通过实例对研究进行了验证.     

基于DEA的制造系统全要素能源效率评价与优化

针对目前机械加工车间制造系统能源效率评价需要基于大量的机械加工试验来分析能量消耗,需要基于经验公式来获得能源效率指标,以及没有实现基于能效评价后的能效优化等问题,基于生产管理信息系统监测数据,提出一种制造系统全要素能源效率评价指标。用数据包络分析方法对机械加工车间制造系统全要素能源效率进行评价,使用能源效率优化分析方法构建能源效率函数关系,从而提出降低能耗和提高能源利用率的定量科学方法。最后以某变速箱装配车间为例,通过实例分析,验证该评价及优化方法的理论及应用价值。     

基于数字化分析的计算机集成人机系统的构建

计算机集成人机系统是基于数字化分析理论下的一种人机学评价系统,是针对产品设计是否符合人机学的各项数据进行具体评价的一个体系,通过此系统的研究,使产品设计生产中的各项指标都更加符合人机工程学,最终令产品更加人性化.     

大型钢铁企业业务流程再造方法应用研究

在研究国内外业务流程再造理论分析方法基础上,对基于理论分析方法的业务流程再造方法进行合理选择,应用一套简洁、实用的BPR理论分析方法,并通过某大型钢铁企业业务流程再造的成功实践,证明了该方法的科学性、可行性.     

基于约束理论的串联型港口装卸系统多机机会维护方法

以港口装卸系统为研究对象,提出基于约束理论的串联型生产系统机会维护方法。这个创新的机会维护方法综合了预防性维护算法和约束理论中的瓶颈概念,通过使系统总成本节约最大化,可以得出一条产线中多设备的机会维护排程。实例结果证明所提方法可提供全面、有效、经济的多设备维护方案。尤其对于存在瓶颈的流水线生产系统,该方法相比于其它传统方法有更明显的优势。     

含弹性与阻尼约束的隔振系统动力学设计

从非线性动力学角度提出一种含弹性和阻尼约束隔振系统的设计方法。该方法先设计满足工作频带内传递率的小阻尼线性隔振系统，再基于对主共振的奇异性理论分析设计约束刚度、约束阻尼和间隙，最后运用周期解延续、插值胞映射等数值方法检验设计的可靠性及各种裕度指标。因靠约束阻尼抑制共振传递率，故工作频带内的传递率可设计得很低。     

新型再造烟叶裹衣的制备和性能

目的 为替代天然雪茄外包皮,开发一种新型再造烟叶雪茄烟裹衣,重点改善再造烟叶裹衣色泽的稳定性.方法 基于再造烟叶生产技术,以烟梗浆、漂白针叶木浆和漂白阔叶木浆制备新型再造烟叶裹衣,通过添加一定尺度的木质素改善裹衣的色泽稳定性.结果 制备的再造烟叶裹衣抗张强度为1.13 kN/m,透气度为29.3 cm3/(min·cm2),伸长率为1.42％,阴燃速率为0.849 s/mm;木质素质量分数为4.0％时(以天然色素用量计),色差(ΔE=4.49,12 h)与空白样品相比(ΔE=13.47,12 h),色泽稳定性提高了66.7％;感官质量评价较好.结论 开发的新型再造烟叶裹衣完全达到了再造烟叶裹衣对物理性能、燃烧特性和色泽稳定性要求(ΔE≤5.0,12 h内),同时满足再造烟叶感官质量的评价指标要求.     

可拓学理论在油漆生产安全评价中的应用

基于可拓学的物元理论,先构建油漆生产安全评价的经典域与节域物元,建立评价的物元模型。然后选取合适的指标,由关联函数和权重算出便于比较的关联度,进行安全等级划分。最后根据上述结果有针对性地制定出防护措施。该方法不仅克服了人为因素的影响,而且对评价指标进行量化处理,对于油漆厂安全生产具有一定的指导意义。实例证明可拓学理论应用于油漆生产安全评价具有较高的可信性与实用性。     

基于TOC和Petri网的业务流程重组方法

业务流程重组是企业根据市场和环境变化进行自身调整和完善,从而在竞争中取得优势的重要手段.通过Petri网建模可以对企业业务流程进行动态分析和控制,寻找制约企业盈利的最薄弱环节.在此基础上,应用约束理论(TOC)能够对业务流程中最薄弱的环节进行改进和重组,逐一消除制约环节,不断提升企业的竞争能力.在分析Petri网流程建模思路和约束理论基本原理的基础上,提出了基于Petri网和约束理论的业务流程重组方法,并进行了实证研究.     

基于市场监管业务流程再造的标准化方法应用研究

面向新一轮机构改革的市场监管体系构建,本文以省级市场监管部门的业务流程再造为对象,将标准化原理和方法,应用于市场监管各业务流程建立。分析应用效果,形成基于市场监管业务流程再造的,以"对象化""要素化""逻辑化""流程化""模块化""系统化""集成化"为主要内容的标准化方法应用实践成果,对新时期构建支撑高质量发展的现代化市场监管体系,推动市场监管部门实现由机构、到职能、到程序的集成融合提供良好经验。     

Information technology in operations management: a theory-of-constraints approach

The theory of constraints (TOC) has recently gained much success in its application to industrial and service organizations. This paper applies the TOC principles to the management of information technology (IT) in the organization. The paper creates a four tiered model for the application of the TOC to IT, starting with TOC's throughput-driven business policy; on with the seven step resource management methodology; through the cost/utilization capital investment technique; and concluding with the drum-buffer-rope production activity procedure. We draw a framework and a methodology showing how IT can be more effective using the TOC way of management. In order to systematically explore the location of the organization's constraints we adapt to the TOC a synthesis of three established management frameworks: stakeholder analysis, the value chain and Boston Consulting Group's portfolio analysis model     

Comparing JIT,MRP and TOC,and embedding TOC into MRP

The traditional material requirements planning (MRP) system for planning and controlling production systems is being replaced more and more by just-in-time (JIT) and the theory of constraints (TOC). Because JIT and TOC share many elements with MRP and because MRP is very flexible, it is not difficult to make MRP behave like JIT or TOC. Consequently manufacturers with MRP systems need not dismantle them to implement JIT or TOC. A five-step technical procedure for embedding TOC into MRP is presented in this paper along with an illustrative example from a microelectronics plant. Next a simple production line is analysed using a Markov chain model to examine the types of improvements each approach makes and the effect of these improvements on the performance of the line. Performance measures are the mean and variance of the output, shortage, inventory level, and cycle time of the production line. Insights are developed into the reasons for the superior performance of JIT and TOC.     

制订生产系统重组战略的参与性方法

本文探讨了生产系统重组战略的参与性制订方法，这种方法的核心是为企业员工提供一个展示、讨论和交流自己的见解和主张的平台，通过集思广益对企业生产系统的状况进行分析和提出解决方案，并最终形成各项方案整体协调的生产重组战略。在文章的最后还将介绍这个方法在一个丹麦企业的应用实例。     

Performance evaluation of an auction-based manufacturing system using coloured Petri nets

The next generation of manufacturing systems is assumed to be intelligent enough to make decisions and automatically adjust to variations in production demand, shop-floor breakdowns etc. Auction-based manufacturing is a control strategy in which various intelligent entities in the manufacturing system bid themselves, accept bids and make selections among the bids available based on a heuristic. This paper deals with the simulation modelling and performance evaluation of a push-type auction (negotiation) based manufacturing system embedded in a pulltype production system using coloured Petri nets. Three different models of an auction-based manufacturing system have been discussed. This methodology helps in developing systems for real-time control, anticipation of deadlocks, and evaluation of various performance metrics like machine utilization, automated guided vehicle (AGV) utilization, waiting times, work in process (WIP) etc. Various decision-making rules were identified for the real-time control of auction-based manufacturing systems.     

A human task-oriented simulation study in autonomous production cells

Simulation on human tasks has become increasingly important in manufacturing systems’ design, assessment and improvement. In order to evaluate working processes and human factors in autonomous production cells (APCs), a collective analyzis of human-centred simulation approaches in advanced manufacturing systems is carried out, and a human task-oriented simulation methodology is proposed in this paper. Based on the methodology, a comparative simulation study is carried out in a 3D laser welding production cell from the aspects of human task spectrum, human error and occupational requirements. Human task network models of both conventional working process and APC working process are constructed using timed coloured Petri Nets. The evaluation criteria architecture for the simulation is formulated and the respective algorithms and parameters for the criteria are discussed in detail. A simulation program using C++ is developed based on Poses++ Petri Net simulator. The simulation results show some important transitions of system performance and human factors from the conventional production cell to the APC, which can support the decision-making when redesigning the conventional production cells to fit the requirements of APCs.     

Manufacturing supply chain modelling and reengineering

The first-wave of reengineering, during the first half of the nineties, focused on making organizational changes and used primarilyinformation models of supply chains to integrate business processes.Quantitative models are expected to have a significant impact in the second-wave of reengineering through the deployment of performance and optimization models, economic analysis, and decision support systems. In this paper, we focus on the vital role that quantitative modelling techniques such as those founded in Operations Research and Industrial Engineering can play in reengineering supply chains. These quantitative models can extend the business process reengineering concepts to provide a concurrent reengineering framework for modelling the supply chain processes, identifying reengineering opportunities, evaluating design alternatives, guiding the selection of the best alternative, and deploying tools to implement the design. We illustrate such use by surveying current industrial practice and introducing real world examples based on our practical experience in solving supply chain and reengineering problems.     

基于工作地布置的生产系统整体化重组方法

提出一种基于工作地布置的生产系统整体化重组方法,其特征是采用循环工作模式和并行工作的方法,对生产系统进行整体化设计,从生产系统各功能领域的整体角度讨论中小企业生产系统重组的方法论体系.给出了一个实例.