可食性抗菌膜的研究进展

主要介绍了可食性抗菌膜的产生和可食性膜材料与抗菌剂的种类,阐述了在延长食品货架期方面,可食性膜材料对抗菌剂的缓释作用以及两者之间协同抗菌的互补作用,并且综述了该类膜产品在实际应用中存在的问题以及发展前景。     

植物多酚-壳聚糖抑菌保鲜膜的研究进展

植物多酚作为一种天然抗菌剂,因具有良好的抗氧化和抗菌活性,在抗菌膜材料领域倍受关注。针对植物多酚-壳聚糖复合抗菌膜的研究现状,本文综述了以植物多酚为主要抑菌剂的壳聚糖保鲜膜的研究进展,并重点对植物多酚-壳聚糖抑菌保鲜膜的成膜方法、成膜机理、物理性能、抗氧化能力、抑菌性能及抑菌机理、食品应用等方面进行阐述。并对植物多酚-壳聚糖抑菌保鲜膜的研究前景进行讨论,为植物多酚-壳聚糖抑菌保鲜膜的进一步研究提供一些建议。     

抗菌材料在食品包装中的研究进展

食品抗菌包装可以有效抑制被包装食品所处环境中微生物的生长,延长食品的货架期,保证食品品质,在食品领域的地位越发重要。本文阐述了抗菌材料作用机理,介绍了常用的有机抗菌剂、无机抗菌剂和天然抗菌剂,并对食品抗菌包装的5 种实现方式进行了比较。对国内外近年来抗菌材料的研究进展,特别是对天然抗菌剂的应用做了详细说明。最后,结合目前抗菌包装膜和抗菌纸的生产现状,对食品抗菌包装的未来发展趋势和研究重点进行展望。     

天然抗菌剂在食品包装中的研究进展

天然抗菌剂无毒、来源广、抗菌效果显著,且可加工利用,是目前维持新鲜食品品质及保障人体健康必不可少的一类化合物,已成为食品行业和包装领域关注的热点;本文介绍了已经开发使用的植物源天然抗菌剂、动物源天然抗菌剂和微生物源天然抗菌剂的种类、来源、抗菌机理和应用效果;分析了3 类天然抗菌剂的主要抗菌活性成分、抗菌特征及在食品包装领域的研究及应用现状;总结了使用天然抗菌剂时需要遵循的法律法规,为今后制备含有天然抗菌剂的包装系统提供参考依据,并探讨了天然抗菌剂在食品包装领域面临的机遇和挑战。     

可食性活性涂膜在鲜切果蔬保鲜中的应用

可食性涂膜是一种由天然可食性材料制成的选择透过性薄膜,具有调节果蔬内部气体交换、减少水分损失、降低腐烂率及延长货架期的特性,在果蔬包装及保鲜领域中已引起广泛关注。鲜切果蔬具有新鲜、方便、快捷等特点,已在全球范围内广泛供应餐饮业及零售业。可食性涂膜作为多种食品添加剂的载体常应用于生鲜产品中,且将活性添加剂与可食性涂膜结合可以延长鲜切果蔬的货架期,提高果蔬品质,减少果蔬表面致腐及致病菌增长的风险。可食性活性涂膜将作为一种绿色、安全、营养的保鲜技术,并将应用于鲜切果蔬保鲜领域的研究。本文综述了可食性涂膜的分类及其添加的抗菌剂、抗氧化剂、塑形剂、营养素等活性成分在鲜切果蔬保鲜中的应用,旨在开发用于鲜切果蔬保鲜的功能性可食性涂膜。     

不同保鲜膜对香蕉贮藏效果影响的研究

以市场上常用的LLDPE、LDPE、PVDC树脂类保鲜膜和壳聚糖、魔芋葡甘聚糖可食性保鲜膜对香蕉进行保鲜包装,通过在室温下测定香蕉感官指标(外观、色泽、腐败程度)、硬度、失重率、呼吸强度变化比较2类保鲜膜的保鲜效果。研究结果表明:LLDPE在香蕉整个贮藏期间的保鲜效果最好,可以延长保鲜期5 d;涂膜组在贮藏前期保鲜效果较好,后期不太理想;壳聚糖涂膜组可延长香蕉保鲜期3 d。然而,天然可食性保鲜膜仍具有市场前景,微孔膜和与其他抗菌剂复合等形式将是今后发展的方向。     

壳聚糖-普鲁兰多糖复合抗菌保鲜膜对冷鲜牛肉的保鲜效果

开发了一种适用于冷鲜牛肉保鲜的具有抗菌功能的可食性抗菌保鲜膜。将4 mg/mL的ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-PL)添加到壳聚糖-普鲁兰多糖溶液中,制备具抗菌功能的可食性复合抗菌保鲜膜,并验证该保鲜膜具有良好的理化特性和抗菌效果。冷鲜牛肉贮藏过程中优势致病菌(大肠O157:H7,单增李斯特菌和沙门氏菌)和菌落总数等指标检测结果表明,贮藏9天,对照组菌落总数就达到8.09 lg(CFU/g),而处理组增长较缓慢,第13天为5.94lg (CFU/g)。贮藏末期,处理组大肠O157:H7、单增李斯特菌和沙门氏菌较对照组分别减少了5.12,4.47 lg(CFU/cm2)和5.54 lg(CFU/cm2)。通过比较分析冷鲜牛肉贮藏过程中感官、质地、挥发性盐基氮(TVBN)、pH值、色度指标(a*/b*)等指标,表明该膜对于减缓冷鲜牛肉品质劣变具有显著效果。该保鲜膜对于控制牛肉品质劣变、延长货架期具有良好效果。     

纳米级食品保鲜膜的研究进展

纳米技术的迅速发展为食品保鲜领域提供了一种新方法,近年来纳米级食品保鲜膜成为国内外科研人员研究热点。本文介绍纳米级聚烯烃基膜和纳米级可食性膜的最新研究进展,并对纳米级食品保鲜膜的前景进行展望。     

壳聚糖/植物精油可食性抗菌膜研究进展

壳聚糖包埋植物精油制备的可食性抗菌膜具有原料来源广泛、可食、可降解,抗菌效果强等优势,在食品保鲜领域显示了重要的应用价值。本文综述了壳聚糖和精油各自的结构、性质、壳聚糖/精油复合膜及添加了其它天然高分子如蛋白质、淀粉等的复合可食性抗菌膜的研究进展,同时指出了目前该研究领域中存在的问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望,为壳聚糖/植物精油复合可食性抗菌膜研究的进一步开发利用提供参考。     

聚乙烯醇基抗菌包装材料的研究进展

综合论述以聚乙烯醇为基材的抗菌包装材料的研究进展。结合海内外相关的文献进行归纳分析,总结了常用抗菌剂的分类、作用机理,及聚乙烯醇基抗菌包装材料在食品包装中的应用。结果显示在添加抗菌剂改性后的聚乙烯醇材料具有较好的抑菌性能,能够有效延长食品(例如果蔬、肉类鱼类)的保质期和货架期。聚乙烯醇抗菌包装材料的研究仍然处于发展阶段,进一步研究抗菌剂的安全性、分散性等问题,将拓展其在食品包装中的应用。     

Antimicrobial edible films and coatings

Increasing consumer demand for microbiologically safer foods, greater convenience, smaller packages, and longer product shelf life is forcing the industry to develop new food-processing, cooking, handling, and packaging strategies. Nonfluid ready-to-eat foods are frequently exposed to postprocess surface contamination, leading to a reduction in shelf life. The food industry has at its disposal a wide range of nonedible polypropylene- and polyethylene-based packaging materials and various biodegradable protein- and polysaccharide-based edible films that can potentially serve as packaging materials. Research on the use of edible films as packaging materials continues because of the potential for these films to enhance food quality, food safety, and product shelf life. Besides acting as a barrier against mass diffusion (moisture, gases, and volatiles), edible films can serve as carriers for a wide range of food additives, including flavoring agents, antioxidants, vitamins, and colorants. When antimicrobial agents such as benzoic acid, sorbic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, nisin, and lysozyme have been incorporated into edible films, such films retarded surface growth of bacteria, yeasts, and molds on a wide range of products, including meats and cheeses. Various antimicrobial edible films have been developed to minimize growth of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms, including Listeria monocytogenes, which may contaminate the surface of cooked ready-to-eat foods after processing. Here, we review the various types of protein-based (wheat gluten, collagen, corn zein, soy, casein, and whey protein), polysaccharide-based (cellulose, chitosan, alginate, starch, pectin, and dextrin), and lipid-based (waxes, acylglycerols, and fatty acids) edible films and a wide range of antimicrobial agents that have been or could potentially be incorporated into such films during manufacture to enhance the safety and shelf life of ready-to-eat foods.     

可食用抗菌膜在食品包装领域的应用及研究进展

保鲜贮藏技术在延长易腐食品的保质期方面具有重要作用,随着消费者环保和安全意识的增强,可食用抗菌包装膜因具有天然、无毒的良好特性而逐渐受到青睐。本文详细介绍可食用抗菌膜的基材、制备方法与抗菌剂的种类,并总结可食用抗菌膜在食品包装领域的实际应用,同时阐述未来抗菌功能食品包装的发展趋势。以期为减少白色塑料污染并为对工农业产生的废物进行回收和开发利用提供参考,同时为食品保鲜贮藏提供科学依据和理论基础。     

Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review and Future Trends

Innovations in food packaging systems will help meet the evolving needs of the market, such as consumer preference for “healthy” and high‐quality food products and reduction of the negative environmental impacts of food packaging. Emerging concepts of active and intelligent packaging technologies provide numerous innovative solutions for prolonging shelf‐life and improving the quality and safety of food products. There are also new approaches to improving the passive characteristics of food packaging, such as mechanical strength, barrier performance, and thermal stability. The development of sustainable or green packaging has the potential to reduce the environmental impacts of food packaging through the use of edible or biodegradable materials, plant extracts, and nanomaterials. Active, intelligent, and green packaging technologies can work synergistically to yield a multipurpose food‐packaging system with no negative interactions between components, and this aim can be seen as the ultimate future goal for food packaging technology. This article reviews the principles of food packaging and recent developments in different types of food packaging technologies. Global patents and future research trends are also discussed.     

纳米二氧化钛抗菌食品包装复合膜的研究进展

纳米二氧化钛具有较好的抗菌作用,且在传统包装材料中有较好的分散性,添加了纳米二氧化钛的食品包装薄膜具有较好的抗菌效果,能在一定程度上延长食品的保质期。目前,有较多关于纳米二氧化钛食品包装复合膜的研究,主要是围绕抗菌性,机械性能和安全性等方面展开,研究表明：纳米二氧化钛复合膜的抗菌性受光照影响;复合膜的机械性能、热力学性能和阻隔性等随纳米二氧化钛的加入有所改变;复合膜中的纳米二氧化钛可能会迁移到包装的食品中,造成食品安全隐患;制备复合膜时需综合考虑以上因素。本文主要对纳米二氧化钛的抗菌机理、纳米二氧化钛抗菌食品包装薄膜的制备和应用、纳米二氧化钛的迁移研究进展进行概述,旨在扩展纳米二氧化钛复合膜更好更安全地应用于食品包装。     

纳米纤维素的制备及其在食品包装材料中应用的研究进展

纳米纤维素作为包装材料的填充成分,可以提高材料的力学性能和阻隔性能,并可改善复合材料的热学性能及降解性能.本文简要介绍了纤维素及纳米纤维素,重点阐述了纳米纤维素的制备方法(化学法、生物法和物理机械法等)及其在食品包装材料中的应用(保鲜及抗菌包装材料、活性包装材料和高阻隔包装材料等).最后,对纳米纤维素在食品包装材料领域...     

可食性薄膜在动物性食品中的应用研究进展

近年来双酚奶瓶、聚氯乙烯保鲜膜等食品安全事件屡屡引起社会关注,人们对绿色食品包装材料的需求日趋迫切,可降解、可食性包装是替代传统塑料包装材料的有效途径。本文阐述可食性薄膜的三种类型(蛋白膜、多糖膜和脂类膜)的分类和在动物性食品保鲜加工中的应用现状及问题。     

Natural antimicrobials and antioxidants added to polylactic acid packaging films. Part I: Polymer processing techniques

Currently, reducing packaging plastic waste and food losses are concerning topics in the food packaging industry. As an alternative for these challenges, antimicrobial and antioxidant materials have been developed by incorporating active agents (AAs) into biodegradable polymers to extend the food shelf life. In this context, developing biodegradable active materials based on polylactic acid (PLA) and natural compounds are a great alternative to maintain food safety and non-toxicity of the packaging. AAs, such as essential oils and polyphenols, have been added mainly as antimicrobial and antioxidant natural compounds in PLA packaging. In this review, current techniques used to develop active PLA packaging films were described in order to critically compare their feasibility, advantages, limitations, and relevant processing aspects. The analysis was focused on the processing conditions, such as operation variables and stages, and factors related to the AAs, such as their concentrations, weight losses during processing, and incorporation technique, among others. Recent developments of active PLA-based monolayers and bi- or multilayer films were also considered. In addition, patents on inventions and technologies on active PLA-based films for food packaging were reviewed. This review highlights that the selection of the processing technique and conditions to obtain active PLA depends on the type of the AA regarding its volatility, solubility, and thermosensitivity.     

Current status of biobased and biodegradable food packaging materials: Impact on food quality and effect of innovative processing technologies

Fossil-based plastic materials are an integral part of modern life. In food packaging, plastics have a highly important function in preserving food quality and safety, ensuring adequate shelf life, and thereby contributing to limiting food waste. Meanwhile, the global stream of plastics into the oceans is increasing exponentially, triggering worldwide concerns for the environment. There is an urgent need to reduce the environmental impacts of packaging waste, a matter raising increasing consumer awareness. Shifting part of the focus toward packaging materials from renewable resources is one promising strategy. This review provides an overview of the status and future of biobased and biodegradable films used for food packaging applications, highlighting the effects on food shelf life and quality. Potentials, limitations, and promising modifications of selected synthetic biopolymers; polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, and polyhydroxyalkanoate; and natural biopolymers such as cellulose, starch, chitosan, alginate, gelatine, whey, and soy protein are discussed. Further, this review provides insight into the connection between biobased packaging materials and innovative technologies such as high pressure, cold plasma, microwave, ultrasound, and ultraviolet light. The potential for utilizing such technologies to improve biomaterial barrier and mechanical properties as well as to aid in improving overall shelf life for the packaging system by in-pack processing is elaborated on.