基于聚类算法和色彩网络的蝴蝶色彩分析及应用

蝴蝶蕴含着独特的自然美,是设计师重要的设计灵感来源。为厘清蝴蝶色彩及其搭配规律,更好地进行蝴蝶色彩重用,基于聚类算法和色彩网络对蝴蝶色彩进行分析和应用研究。首先,利用K-means聚类算法对单只蝴蝶8种不同角度的图像进行2次色彩聚类和主色提取,构建110只蝴蝶的6色标准色卡。其次,对蝴蝶标准色卡再次聚类,结合蝴蝶色彩实际搭配关系,构建了包含20个网络节点的蝴蝶色彩网络模型,并通过4个蝴蝶样本对色彩网络模型的可靠性进行验证。最后,以丝巾纹样配色设计作为应用案例,验证标准色卡和色彩网络模型作为配色辅助工具的可操作性和应用价值。案例表明,蝴蝶标准色卡和色彩网络模型可以为设计师在色彩设计过程中提供有效的辅助和支持。     

地域文化在纸质包装设计中的应用

地域文化在纸质包装设计中的应用,对于推进地域文化传承弘扬、提升纸质包装所承载的文化内涵具有重要意义。本文对地域文化在纸质包装设计中的应用价值进行了论述分析,并对地域文化在纸质包装设计中的应用策略进行了研究与探讨,以期促进地域文化传承与纸质包装设计工作的有效融合,为地域文化与纸质包装设计的协同发展奠定坚实的基础。     

明代织物纹样的智能提取——以斗牛袍为例

为解决人工提取明代织物纹样色彩存在难度大、准确性差、直接采样难的问题,文章以明代赐服斗牛袍为例,探讨一种新的纹样提取手段。首先,利用高分辨率数码相机采集斗牛袍织物纹样;然后将RGB颜色空间的数字图像转换至CIELab颜色空间,用中值滤波法对彩色图像进行平滑处理;再用K-means聚类算法对图像中的色彩进行聚类,以实现不同色彩纹样的分割;最后利用CalinskiHarabasz指标对聚类有效性进行判断,获取最佳聚类数。实验结果表明,此方法可以实现纹样色彩的聚类分割与智能提取,为研究珍贵古代织物纹样提供有效途径。     

基于色彩网络的黔东南苗绣服饰色彩意象研究

针对黔东南苗绣服饰色彩研究中色彩基因与用户感性需求耦合性欠佳的问题,结合K-means色彩网络与感性工学构建了一种KCN-KE模型。首先通过德尔菲法对原始图像集进行筛选及分群,然后采用K-means聚类算法提取图像色彩并计算色彩权重间的关联性,构建黔东南苗绣服饰的色彩网络模型;在此基础上构建黔东南苗绣服饰色彩感性意象调查样本,并结合感性意象词汇对其进行感性意象调查;将RGB色彩空间映射到HSL色彩空间明确色彩要素编码,并采用多元线性回归分析建立感性意象词汇与黔东南苗绣服饰色彩组成要素之间的联立方程,构建KCN-KE模型。通过案例设计对KCN-KE模型的有效性进行验证,结果显示,所构建模型识别感性词汇的准确率均达到94%以上,平均识别率达到95.78%。该模型能够为黔东南苗绣服饰色彩量化分析提供理论参考。     

基于色彩聚类的皮影服饰纹样分割

为实现皮影服饰图案的自动提取,以唐山皮影头茬图像为例,分析了皮影服饰的色彩构成及图案特点,探讨了一种基于色彩聚类的皮影图案识别方法。通过相对总变差模型对皮影图像进行了噪声平滑处理;将处理后的数字图像由RGB颜色空间转换至CIE L~*a~*b~*颜色空间,提取空间中的a、b两个色彩分量;利用K-means聚类算法对皮影图像色彩进行聚类分析,最终实现皮影色彩纹样的最佳分割。结果表明,笔者设计的算法可有效实现对于皮影这类色相分明、细节丰富且主色统一的彩色图像的分割。     

基于聚类算法的纺织品文物色彩提取与纹样数字化探索——以新疆巴里坤M12出土清代纺织品纹样为例

为准确有效地提取纺织品文物的色彩，实现纺织品文物的纹样数字化处理，文章以新疆巴里坤出土的一组清代纺织品为例，设计了一种基于多变量模糊C均值(Multivariate Fuzzy C-mean, MFCM)聚类算法与K-means++算法相结合的纺织品纹样复原方法。首先，获取图像并通过双边滤波与高斯滤波对图像进行平滑降噪处理；然后采用MFCM聚类算法对平滑降噪后的图像进行分割；接着采用K-means++算法分析聚类数量，有效提取纺织品主色，并较好保留图像细节；最后通过计算机软件提取文物纹样轮廓，将提取的主色填充至纹样轮廓，完成纺织品文物纹样的数字化模拟。实验结果表明，该方法可以较为准确地提取纺织品文物色彩，并且提取效果优于传统数字化取色方法，取色效率更高，具有进一步研究应用的价值。     

关于结合层次聚类和K-means算法进行聚类的研究

为了解决进行K-means聚类时类数的自动选择和Hierarchical聚类在处理大量高维数据时时间效率低的问题,在Kmeans聚类算法的基础上结合Hierarchical聚类算法,提出了一种基于集体智慧编程方法的用于处理大量数据时动态选取K值的聚类模型。实验结果表明该算法比K-means聚类具有更好的聚类效果,同时解决了Hierarchical聚类方法时间效率低的问题。本模型通过K-means聚类生成适量的类簇,再利用Hierarchical聚类对这些类再进行聚类,最后经过剪枝得到合适的聚类结果,以此实现动态选取K值。     

纸质包装装潢色彩设计应用案例赏析

1．纸质包装装潢色彩设计应用 在日常生活中，用纸质包装产品的范围是非常广阔的，无论是纺织品包装、烟酒包装、化妆品包装、日用品包装、食品包装、小家电产品包装还是工业品包装等，都离不开纸质包装材料和包装装潢色彩设计。由于纸质包装涉及的产品门类众多，规格要求各不相同，因此纸质包装装潢色彩设计应根据不同产品的用途、品质、材料质地、外观产品造型、性能特性等要求进行产品的包装装潢色彩设计。     

基于改进Faster R-CNN的食品包装缺陷检测

目的：对纸质包装盒缺陷进行准确的识别与定位。方法：应用改进Faster R-CNN的网络模型自动对包装盒缺陷进行检测。对训练集图片进行数据增强并添加噪声，提升模型的训练精度和鲁棒性；将特征提取网络替换为ResNet50，并融合特征金字塔网络（FPN），提高模型多尺度检测的能力；使用K-means++对数据集中缺陷尺度进行聚类，优化锚框方案。结果：改进后的Faster R-CNN模型在测试集上的平均准确率（AP）达到93.9%，检测速度达到8.65帧/s。结论：应用改进的Faster R-CNN模型能够有效检测出包装盒缺陷并定位，可应用于包装盒缺陷的自动检测与分拣。     

清代满汉服饰设色规律及可视化研究

为了帮助设计师系统性地了解清代服饰色彩文化知识,从中获取配色灵感、用色依据与原型参考,本文采用文献研究法、归纳演绎法、定量分析法,收集故宫博物院与民族服饰博物馆馆藏中的清代汉族与满族服饰作为研究数据集。同时运用K-means聚类算法获取数据集服饰色彩调色板以支持聚类分析,结合文学典籍和专家学者的研究著作进行对比印证,对清代满汉服饰设色规律知识进行了整理分析与可视化呈现。最后,从审美观念、阶级特征、用色偏好、典型搭配四方面总结清代满汉服饰色彩设色规律,并选取知识图谱的可视化方法,构建了易于交互的清代服饰色彩设色规律知识图谱平台。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.