含三羟基功能基吸附树脂的合成及对硼酸吸附性能的研究

以二乙烯基苯、丙烯酸甲酯为原料,合成聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂,通过聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂与三羟基甲基氨基甲烷的反应将醇键合到聚丙烯酸甲酯树脂上得到除硼树脂(简称KEN树脂)。通过测定树脂的含水量、红外光谱以确定树脂结构,研究了该种树脂对水溶液中硼酸的吸附、脱附性能。     

高固体份含羟基丙烯酸树脂合成新方法及其聚氨酯涂料的制备

本文介绍了一种合成分子量相对较高,分子量分布很窄,而且粘度低的高固体份含羟基丙烯酸树脂的新方法,并研究了聚合温度,反应混合物添加速率,引发剂,链转移剂及溶剂的类型与用量等各参数对丙烯酸树脂A和丙烯酸树脂B的结构与性质的影响,A、B两种树脂分别是由单体MMA／St/BA/PGMA与MMA／St/EA/HEMA合成而得。结果表明,单体的物理与化学性质对最终产物树脂的结构与性质有着很大影响：PGMA含有大量α－H,容易在合成中引起支化反应,巯基乙醇不但能在链端引入羟基基因,而且也是获得窄分子量分而树脂的最佳链转移剂,溶剂的结构和组成在合成高固体份,低粘度的丙烯酸树脂中起着重要作用。溶剂油与Cypar－9份别含有异链烷烃和环烷烃,为合成高固体含量丙烯酸树脂的最佳选择,在这两种溶剂中合成的树脂呈半固相分离状,如若最终获得溶液树脂,则聚合温度与溶剂量对树脂结构与性质有很大影响,若最终获得溶涨或半固相分离状树脂,则聚合温度与溶剂量对树脂结构与性质影响不大。以这种方法合成的含羟基丙烯酸树脂,以异氰酸酯作固化剂制备的清漆的性能相当于甚至优于目前市面上流行的Joncryl 920制备的清漆的性能。     

聚醚多羟基叔胺阳离子表面活性剂的合成与性能

本文通过二乙醇胺和环氧氯丙烷一四氢呋喃共聚醚反应，制备了聚醚多羟基叔胺阳离子表面活性剂，并对其性能进行了初步研究。     

汽车制动液中硼酸酯的合成与性能研究

介绍了硼酸酯型汽车制动液中用酸酯的合成方法，讨论了合成条件、所获硼酸酯的稳定性、润滑性、高温抗气阻性、吸湿性和酸碱性。     

多羟基丙烯酸树脂的研制及其涂料性能

本文以连续恒定的滴加速度合成多羟基丙烯酸树脂,研究了引发剂用量与粘度的关系,给出树脂的配方和工艺条件,并将其与六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)的三聚体(N3390 )或缩二脲(N75 )配制成性能好,干性快,抗紫外线耐光老化的涂料,具有在汽车、火车、家电、家具等户内外物体的保护和装饰性涂料的应用前景。     

聚乙二醇硼酸酯防锈润滑剂的合成与性能

以油酸、三乙醇胺、硼酸和聚乙二醇-400为原料合成了三种硼酸酯,对其性能进行了比较。实验结果表明几种原料复合得到硼酸酯具有较好的水解稳定性、防锈性、润滑性和表面活性。以正交实验结果为基础,设计出复合硼酸酯较佳的酯化条件为：三乙醇胺为5g、硼酸为2g、聚乙二醇-400为20g、油酸为10g。在此条件下合成的硼酸酯,水解稳定性：360h,防锈性：A级,润滑性（PB值）：56kg,表面张力：30．74mN·m^-1。     

古陶瓷修复丙烯酸羟基树脂合成研究

制备了丙烯酸羟基树脂 ,确定了单体配方、合成工艺条件。     

硫代酰胺基螯合纤维的合成及其吸附性能研究

以腈纶为起始原料,分别经水合肼、乙二胺、二乙烯三胺预交联后,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作溶剂与硫化钠反应,合成了三种携硫代酰胺功能基可达6.8mmol/g(干纤维)的螯合功能纤维。探讨了溶剂、反应温度、反应时间、pH等对反应产物的影响,利用红外光谱、元素分析、热稳定分析、重量分析等对该螯合纤维的结构、性能等进行了表征,并就其对金属离子的吸附性能进行了研究。结果表明:螯合纤维对Au3+、Ag+、Pd2+等贵金属离子具有良好的吸附性,对Ag+的吸附容量可达1510mg/g(干纤维),对Au3+、Pd2+的吸附容量分别为800mg/g(干纤维)和21.2mg/g(干纤维)。     

聚苯乙烯多羟基吸附树脂的合成及对硼酸的吸附性能

以氯甲基化聚苯乙烯微球(Cl-PS-PVB)为原料,与二乙烯三胺反应得到聚二乙烯三胺树脂(KAS树脂),KAS树脂再与环氧丙醇反应得到含聚苯乙烯多羟基吸附树脂(KBS树脂)。测定了树脂的氯含量、含水量、红外光谱、弱碱交换量以确定树脂的结构,测定了树脂的比表面积和孔结构参数。通过静态吸附、动态吸附、动态脱附研究了KBS树脂对硼酸溶液的吸附及脱附性能。实验结果表明树脂对硼酸的最大吸附量达到25.09 mg·g~(-1),用1 mol·L~(-1)盐酸做洗脱剂,洗脱率高达90.42%。     

Macroporous chelating resins incorporating heterocyclic functional groups via hydrophilic PEG spacer arms. I. Synthesis and characterization

A series of novel chelating resins were synthesized by incorporating heterocyclic functional groups such as 2‐aminopyridine (AP), 2‐amino‐5‐methylthio‐1,3,4‐thiadizole (AMTZ), 2‐amino‐5‐ethyl‐1,3,4‐thiadizole (AETZ), and 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole (MBZ) into macroporous crosslinked polystyrene via a hydrophilic spacer arm of polyethylene glycol containing sulfur. Structures of the above‐mentioned resins were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform‐infrared spectra (FTIR), ASAP‐2020 surface area and porosity analyzer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3220–3227, 2007     

Preparation and adsorption selectivity for Hg(II) and Ag(I) of chelating resin immobilizing benzothiazolyl group on crosslinked polystyrene via hydrophilic sulfur‐containing PEG spacer

A new chelating resin incorporating 2‐mercaptobenzothiazole (MBZ) into macroporous chloromethylated polystyrene via hydrophilic spacer of polyethylene glycol containing sulfur was synthesized. The resin was characterized by elementary analysis and infrared spectra. The adsorption capacity of the resin for Ag⁺, Hg²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺ as a function of pH was determined. The effects of interference ions, such as Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺, on percent recovery were also investigated. The results showed that the resin could effectively remove Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ from solutions containing a large excess of Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb²⁺. In column operation, it was observed that Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ in trace quantities were effectively removed from binary metal ions. The percent recovery of the resin for Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ was >98.6% and >97.5%, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 5034–5038, 2006     

Studies on the effect of solvent for the synthesis of low-cost and efficient Pt-Co/CAB cathode electrocatalyst to enhance the performance of a hydrogen-based PEMFC

Highly efficient and low-cost Pt-Co/C_AB bimetallic cathode electrocatalysts were synthesized for hydrogen-based proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) using three different types of solvent, namely, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), and ethylene glycol (EG). The physical characterization of synthesized cathode electrocatalysts Pt-Co/C_AB-DMSO, Pt-Co/C_AB-DMF and Pt-Co/C_AB-EG was performed by scanning electron microscope–energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, whereas the electrochemical investigation of all three Pt-Co/C_AB electrocatalysts was performed by CV and EIS studies. The synthesized Pt-Co/C-EG electrocatalyst produced the highest power density of 19.61 mW/cm² at a room temperature of 33°C. The power density increased to 26.11 mW/cm², that is, 133%, when the cell operating temperature was raised from 33 to 70°C. The excellent performance of the Pt-Co/C_AB-EG cathode electrode proves that it can be recommended as a commercial electrocatalyst for PEMFC cathode. In addition, the EG/EG was identified as the best solvent for the synthesis of Pt-Co/C_AB cathode electrocatalysts.     

有机功能纤维的制备、结构及其抗菌消臭性能的研究

新型有机功能纤维的合成,物理化学结构与其性能之间的关系,以及它在抗菌、消臭等医用保健方面的应用,是一门很具潜在应用前景的研究领域。同时,它也满足了人们在生活水平不断提高下,对纺织品卫生功能提出的更高要求。本论文分别以聚丙烯腈纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚丙烯纤维和天然剑麻纤维为起始原料,设计合成了一系列不同种类的新型抗菌消臭功能纤维材料,对这些功能纤维材料的物理化学结构、合成条件的优化,及对不同菌类细菌的抗菌性能,进行了系统的研究。探讨了其反应机理和抗菌、消臭作用的机理和模式,得到许多有益的数据和结果。     

含中微量元素的有机无机复混肥在防治水稻颖壳不闭合现象上的试验研究

江淮丘陵地区水稻颖壳不闭合现象造成水稻减产,通过田间试验,研究科学施用含有多种中微量元素的有机无机复混肥对防治水稻颖壳不闭合现象的效果。结果表明,与普通复合肥常规施肥方法的处理相比,通过科学施用有机无机复混肥使水稻颖壳不闭合发生率降低26.9～39.4百分点,并在促进水稻有效分蘖、穗粒数方面具有显著效果,水稻增产率为43.8%～66.6%,但在促进株高与穗长方面效果不明显。     

Effect of F/P and OH/P molar ratios and condensation viscosity on the structure of phenol‐formaldehyde resol resins for overlays—A statistical study

A two‐level full factorial experimental design with three variables, formaldehyde‐to‐phenol (F/P) molar ratio, hydroxyl‐to‐phenol (OH/P) molar ratio, and condensation viscosity was implemented to determine the effect of the variables on the structure of phenol‐formaldehyde resol resins for paper overlay impregnation. Ten resins were prepared with F/P molar ratios between 1.9 and 2.3, OH/P molar ratios between 0.09 and 0.13, and condensation viscosities between 60 and 180 mPa s. The effect of these three independent variables on the chemical structure was analyzed by ¹³C‐NMR spectroscopy, on the molecular weight distribution by gel permeation chromatography, and on the reactivity by differential scanning calorimetry. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2942–2948, 2004     

The influence of conditioning and regeneration on the separation behaviour of rigid surface filters for the separation of particles from gases

Rigid ceramic filter media can be used for the separation of particles from gas streams at elevated temperatures. In order to characterize comparatively the separation behaviour of differently structured filter media over a multitude of filtration cycles, experiments were performed in a filter test rig. The filter test rig used is built in accordance with VDI guideline 3926 and equipped with a special type of optical particle counter, which has the advantage of measuring both the particle size and the particle concentration simultaneously and in situ on the clean gas side.

It is demonstrated that by far largest share of the particles reaches the clean gas as a result of the filter regeneration process. During the subsequent formation of the dust cake, the particle penetration is almost zero. The regeneration parameters, actually in essence only the tank pressure, possess the decisive influence on the separation behaviour. In the course of a filtration experiment, the number of particles reaching the clean gas reduces with the increasing number of filtration cycles due to the filter conditioning. The particles arriving in the clean gas during regeneration are extremely fine. The mean particle size is almost entirely independent of the regeneration conditions and the filter cycle number. The fine particulate emissions measured here are an anthropogenic source of particulate matter in ambient air. They have to be considered as relevant with respect to the new standards of ambient air quality (PM 10 and PM 2.5).

It is shown that membrane-coated ceramic filter media at identical operating conditions exhibit, as expected, a better separation and regeneration behaviour than fibrous ceramic, open-pored filter media. However, the advantages are at the expense of a 10 times higher pressure loss, which is essentially attributed to the membrane layer.     

低磷膦磺酸阻垢分散剂ZHCD-05的合成研究

以水为溶剂,丙烯酸(AA)、马来酸酐(MAn)、烯丙基磺酸钠(SAS)和次磷酸钠为单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,合成了一种集膦酰基、羧基和磺酸基于一体,低磷含量,综合性能良好的膦磺酸阻垢分散剂ZHCD-05.考察了产品综合性能与单体配比、引发剂用量、反应温度及反应时间的关系,得出了合成此共聚物的最佳工艺条件:m(MAn)∶m(AA)∶m(SAS)=1∶0.2∶0.5,NaH2PO2质量分数为8%,过硫酸铵质量分数为5.5%,反应温度为80～85℃,反应时间4 h.     

抗类风湿免疫调节剂对乙酰氨基苯乙酸的合成及其稳定性的初步研究

以对硝基苯乙酸为原料，通过还原、醋化、酰化和水解反应合成对乙酰氨基苯乙酸(MS-932)，并通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱和差示扫描量热法分析，确证其结构。对本品进行了稳定性的考察，实验表明本品在高温及光照条件下放置5和10d，其外观和含量无变化较稳定。     

Study on the synthesis of a macroporous ethylacrylate‐divinylbenzene copolymer,its conversion into a bi‐functional cation exchange resin and applications for extraction of toxic heavy metals from wastewater

Macroporus ethylacrylate‐divinylbenzene copolymers were synthesized by suspension polymerization using diethyl phthalate and n‐heptane as diluent. A hydrolysis study revealed that conversion of esters into carboxylic acid groups was dependent on three factors: (1) crosslinkage: increases with a decrease in crosslinkage, (2) reagent: sulfuric acid>aqueous NaOH>NaOH in a 1 : 1 water to ethylene glycol, and (3) pore volume (PV): highest when PV was ～ 0.7 mL g^?1. Sulfuric acid hydrolyzed ester to ? COOH and introduced ? SO₃H on phenyl rings, thus producing a bi‐functional resin. The functional groups were verified by IR spectroscopy and quantified by acid–base titration. The bi‐functional resin's capacity for toxic heavy metals in water samples was 12.51, 10.43, 9.43, 13.21, and 11.12 mg g^?1 for Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn, respectively and the recoveries exceeded >95% in range of pH 2–8, showing that it is suitable for water purification. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013