SiCw／Al复合材料的残余热应力与Bauschinger效应

研究了晶须体积分数为２５％的ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ复合材料的残余淬火应力及在较大预压缩变形条件下的Ｂａｕｓｃｈｉｎｇｅｒ效应。结果表明，复合材料中的残余应力随淬火温度的提高而增大，复合材料压缩变形后，晶须发生了转动。晶须转动与残余应力共同作用的结果是复合材料的Ｂａｕｓｃｈｉｎｇｅｒ应力在的淬火温度下达到最大值。     

聚芳醚砜醚酮酮及其炭纤维复合材料的力学性能

合成了聚醚砜醚酮酮(PESEKK),研究了纯树脂的热、力学性能。制备了炭纤维和聚醚砜醚酮酮(炭纤维是标准T300)复合材料,着重研究了此新型复合材料的力学性能。结果表明,随着复合材料中PESEKK树脂质量比增加,T300CF/PESEKK复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、拉伸模量和弯曲模量逐渐增加。其中弯曲强度和弯曲模量增加的幅度比拉伸强度和拉伸模量增加的幅度更大。当PESEKK质量分数为60%左右时,复合材料的综合力学性能达到最佳值。因此聚醚砜醚酮酮可作为增强炭纤维力学性能的基体树脂。     

Phase Behavior,Thermal Stability and Rheological Properties of PPEK／PC Blends

Phase behavior,thermal stability and rheological properties of the blends of poly(phthalazinone ether ketone)(PPEK) with bisphenol-A polycarbonate(PC) prepared by solution coprecipitation were studied using differential scanning calormetry(DSC),Frourier-Transfrom IR spectroscopy(FT-IR),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) and capillary theometer. The DSC results indicated that PPEK/PC blends are almost immiscible in full compositions.FT-IR investigation showed that were no apparent specific interactions between the constituent polymers.The blends keep excellent thermal stability and the addition of PC degrades the thermal stability of blends to some degree.The thermal degradation processes of the blends are much similar to that of PC.The studies on rheological properties of blends show that blending PPEK with PC is beneficial to reducing the melt viscosity and improving the appearance of PPEK.     

6061Al／SiC层合复合材料在交变温度场作用下热应力的有限元分析

对 60 61Al/ Si C层合复合材料在交变温度场作用下的热应力进行数值分析。采用ANSYS有限元分析软件中的结构单元 ,将金属铝视为弹塑性材料 ,且采用 Mises随动强化塑性模型 ,同时计及温度对材料性能的影响 ,计算了不同温度下的残余塑性变形和热应力 ,并给出了2 0 5℃至 2 0℃交变温度场作用下的残余热应力循环曲线 ,数值计算结果与实验数据复合较好。本文的研究工作为该复合材料的疲劳寿命的预报提供良好的理论基础。     

磺化聚芳醚酮砜/PVA复合质子交换膜的制备与性能

为了进一步提高质子交换膜在中高温时的质子导电率,文中以高磺化度的磺化聚芳醚酮砜(SPAEKS)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,通过溶液共混法制备了PVA不同含量的磺化聚芳醚酮砜/PVA复合膜。通过对复合膜的性能测试发现,PVA的引入提高了膜的热稳定性、吸水率和保水能力。而且SPAEKS/PVA复合膜的质子传导率高于SPAEKS膜,在80℃时,复合膜的质子传导率都在0.07 S/cm以上,能够满足中高温质子交换膜燃料电池的使用要求。     

Thermal Residual Stresses in SiCw/Al Composite

The SiCw/6061Al composites were fabricated by squeeze casting method. Varia-tions of thermal residual stresses with quenching temperature, cooling manner, aging time and thethermal-cold cycle process in thin specimens,and the distributions of thermal residual stresses alongthe distances from the surface and changes with heating temperatnres in thick specimens were stud-ied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effects of residual stresses on the mierostructure, di-mensional stability and age-hardening behavior were studied by SEM, TEM observations, and tensiletest. The results showed that there existed macrostress, microstress and thermal mismatch stress inSiCw/Al compo-site,and the presence of microstress and thermal mismatch stress has no influenceon the measurement of macrostress, but the macrostress can affect the measured value of thermalmismatch stress. Thermal res dual stress induced during the composite fabrication process, will be further in-creased when the composite were subjected to the e     

Performance of Potassium Titanate Whisker Reinforced PPESK Composites

A group of poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)/potassium-titanate-whisker (PPSEK/whisker) composites was prepared by coprecipitation from solution. The whisker surface was modified using titanate coupling agent prior to blending. The tensile, impact, morphology and thermal properties of the moulded composites were investigated. The measurements showed that the tensile strength and impact strength of the composites increased with increasing whiskers content up to 10 to 20 phr, thereafter they showed a decrease in the whiskers content reached 40 phr. At the same time, the modulus of the composites increased with increasing whiskers content. Scanning electron microscopy studies revealed that the whiskers within the composites were dispersed uniformly by treated with coupling agent. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis showed that the heat resistance of the composites tended to increase with increasing whisker content. The results were analysed and discussed in terms of established models of the behavi     

聚醚砜酮薄膜热稳定性及热解动力学规律的研究

采用热重分析法对聚醚砜酮(PPESK)薄膜在氮气氛下的热分解反应进行了研究，结果表明，热分解反应最剧烈的温度区间在400℃～600℃之间，这也是热解炭化阶段的关键温度区间；温度高于600℃分解反应趋于缓和。动力学研究得出，PPESK分解过程为一级反应；以Kissinger最大失重速率法求得表观活化能为211．35kJ／mol；以Ozawa等失重百分率法求得10％～30％的失重率下反应表观活化能在152．31kJ／mol～274．43kJ／mol之间，频率因子1nA值在21．98min^-1-38．75min^-1之间，充分表明PPESK热稳定性很高，这也为炭化过程提供了重要动力学参数。     

SPPEK/PWA质子导电复合膜的制备与性能

以磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮(SPPEK)为基体,采用共混法制备了SPPEK/PWA复合质子交换膜。采用红外光谱、热分析与交流阻抗等方法对复合膜的结构和性能进行了研究,并与Nafion117膜进行了比较。结果表明,磷钨酸(PWA)的掺杂使得复合膜的吸水率和溶胀度增大,同时热稳定性能得到提高。复合膜在20℃时的质子电导率为0.67×10-2S/cm,接近Nafion117膜的质子电导率(1.08×10-2S/cm)。且随着温度的升高,电导率逐渐增大,最高可达1.18×10-2S/cm。此外,对复合膜不同方向上的电导率进行了测试,表明膜平面方向上的电导率(8.10×10-2S/cm)高于厚度方向上电导率(7.50×10-3S/cm)约一个数量级。     

挤压管状SiCw/Al复合材料中残余应力及其高温松弛行为

利用X射线应力测量方法,研究挤态20vol%SiCw/6061Al复合材料中残余应力,发现复合材料中存在较大的残余应力,而且各方向的残余应力分布很不均匀,动态测量去应力退火期间复合材料残余应力的高温松弛过程,证实高温状态下残余应力按幂指数的方式发生松弛,基于蠕变机制,分析残余应力搞温松弛行为,结果表明复合材料应力指数及应力松弛激活能明显高于基体合金。     

静电纺丝与静电喷雾技术共纺制备PPESK/PVDF复合锂电池隔膜

为了改善传统静电纺丝无纺布纤维膜力学性能较差的缺点,采用静电纺丝和静电喷雾技术相结合的方法,同时进行静电纺PPESK浓溶液和PVDF稀溶液,制备得到PPESK纤维/PVDF珠粒复合锂电池隔膜,并在160℃进行热压后处理。通过扫描电子显微镜、万能拉伸试验机、电化学工作站及充放电测试仪等表征复合锂电池隔膜的微观结构、力学性能、离子电导率和相应的电池充放电性能。结果表明,该复合隔膜具有良好的电解液润湿性,室温下离子电导率达到1.92mS·cm^-1,PVDF珠粒均匀地分布在PPESK纤维中,珠粒经热压产生微熔融有效增强了纤维之间的黏结力,使复合膜的力学强度提高到13.2MPa。此外,使用复合隔膜装配的电池展现出较高的放电比容量和稳定的循环性能。     

热残余应力对C/SiC复合材料界面剪切强度影响的有限元分析

根据C/SiC复合材料的属性,建立单纤维顶出的二维轴对称模型,采用有限元法对C/SiC复合材料的界面剪切强度进行数值研究,分析中考虑材料制备过程中的残余应力对界面剪切强度的影响,在细观力学层面上系统分析纤维顶出过程的界面剪应力及其相关影响因素。分析得出,残余应力会对界面造成损伤,降低界面脱粘载荷。材料的界面承受能力与热膨胀系数呈正相关,与固化温度呈负相关。     

Phase Separation and Theta-compositions of PPES/NMP/non-solvent Systems

Poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone) (PPES) with 1:1 and 1:3 ratios of bisphenol A (BPA) unit to phthalazinone unit were selected as samples. Polymer precipitation curves for the ternary systems PPES (1:1)/NMP/ non-solvent and PPES (1:3)/NMP/non-solvent were determined by a titration method. Comparison between two sets of data is made. Non-solvents used were H2O, ethyl ether (EE), diethylene glycol (DEGC), ethyleneglycol methylether (EGME) and butanone (BO). NMP/non-solvent theta-compositions for PPES (1:1) and PPES (1:3) were also estimated. It was found that the volume ratio of non-solvent to NMP at the property mutation or worsening of PPES membrane is close to the theta-composition.     

KH－304热固性聚酰亚胺树脂及其碳纤维复合材料高温热稳定性的研究

用热重分析仪分析了ＫＨ－３０４热固性聚酰亚胺树脂及其碳纤维复合材料在氮气和空气中的热分解过程，计算了它们在氮气和空气中的热分解活化能，比较了两者的高温热稳定性。     

新型聚芳醚砜酮／聚砜共混物的相容性及力学性能

采用双酚A型聚砜(PSF)作为共混改性剂来改善聚芳醚砜酮(PPESK)树脂的熔融加工性能,随着PSF组分的增加,PPESK/PSF共混物的熔融加工性得到显著提高。用差示扫描量热法(DSC)检测了共混物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg),并用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了共混物的形貌结构,结果表明PPESK/PSF共混物出现了两个Tg,且这两个Tg都介于纯聚合物的Tg之间,共混物断面形态比较均匀,两相界面比较模糊,表明共混物为部分相容体系。用万能试验机测试了其力学强度,随着PSF含量的增加,力学强度呈现下降的趋势,但在PSF含量低于40%(质量分数)时仍能保持较高强度。     

PPESK/ABS/TK复合材料流变性能的研究

为了研究晶须对PPESK/ABS共混物流变性能的影响,用溶液共沉淀方法制备了不同比例的含二氮杂萘联苯结构的聚醚砜酮(PPESK)/ABS/钛酸钾晶须(TK)复合材料,在290～310℃下,测定了复合材料的流变性能.研究结果表明:在该实验温度下,当PPESK/ABS为70/30,晶须含量由10到40份变化时(每百份树脂中晶须的含量),PPESK/ABS/TK复合材料的熔体属假塑性非牛顿流体,其熔体黏度随温度的升高、剪切速率的增大而下降,随TK含量的增加而增大;TK的加入使PPESK/ABS的熔融加工性变差.     

Residual Compression Stress Profile in High-Modulus Carbon Fiber Embedded in Isotactic Polypropylene by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the compressive fragmentation process and the interface behavior in ultra high modulus (UHM) (750 GPa Modulus) pitch-based graphite/polypropylene composites upon cooling from processing temperature to room temperature. It is found that bulging is the primary mechanism of failure in these fibers, and Raman peak position measurements show that not all visually detected features represent real fiber failure. However, at real break locations, the fiber strain is found to drop to zero.     

不同干燥方式对聚醚砜酮基炭膜的影响

以PPESK为前驱体,CHCl3为溶剂,分别采用冷冻干燥法和冷藏干燥法制备气体分离炭膜,借助于红外光谱、热重分析、X射线衍射和气体渗透等测试手段,研究探讨了干燥方式对聚醚砜酮(PPESK)基炭膜的化学结构、炭微结构及气体分离性能的影响.结果表明,干燥方式对炭膜结构性能的影响主要体现在促使前驱体在干燥过程中形成具有不同化学结构的聚合物膜,使它们在以后的预氧化和低温热解炭化过程中表现出不同的演变规律:与冷藏干燥相比,冷冻干燥得到的聚合物膜在预氧化和炭化过程中分解反应程度较弱,但芳香缩合反应却很深刻,使形成的炭膜微结构尺寸较小,气体分离性能较高,并具有良好的表观柔韧性.所以,采用CHCl3为溶剂制备PPESK炭膜,冷冻干燥将是首选干燥方式.     

钛酸钾晶须填充新型PPESK的性能及形态研究

采用填料对含二氮杂萘结构的聚醚砜酮(PPESK)进行填充改性,能够快捷有效的提高其性能,为此采溶液共沉析的方法制备了含二氮杂萘结构的聚芳醚砜酮/钛酸钾晶须(PPESK/Whisker)复合材料.使用不同比例的钛酸酯偶联剂进行晶须表面处理,研究了晶须表面处理和晶须含量对PPESK复合材料机械性能的影响;考察了复合材料的热性能,并用扫描电镜观察了复合材料的形貌.结果表明,钛酸钾晶须作为填充材料,使得复合材料机械性能得到明显改善;对晶须进行适当的表面处理后,晶须与PPESK基体的相容得到改善.