原位合成TiB2/ZL109复合材料的力学性能

通过原位合成法成功制备了亚微米级TiB2颗粒增强ZL109复合材料，测量了不同颗粒含量复合材料的弹性模量和25～400℃的抗拉强度（UTS）。结果表明，复合材料的弹性模量随颗粒含量提高而提高，颗粒含量15％（质量分数，下同）时，复合材料的弹性模量比基体合金提高了32％；抗拉强度也明显高于基体合金，10％TiB2／ZL109复合材料在260℃时的强度比基体合金提高了105MPa。     

原位反应Al_2O_3/ZL202复合材料的制备和力学性能

利用原位反应法与铸造工艺相结合 ,制备Al2 O3/ZL2 0 2复合材料。结果表明 :试验所制得的Al2 O3/ZL2 0 2复合材料 ,其增强颗粒在 1～ 5um之间 ,分布均匀 ;复合材料的抗拉强度比基体合金的抗拉强度高 ,伸长率比基体合金的伸长率大 ,体现了复合材料比基体合金具有更优的性能     

原位反应Al2O3／Zl202复合材料的制备和力学性能

利用原位反应地与铸造工艺相结合,制备Al2O3/ZL202复合材料。结果表明：试验所制得的Al2O3/ZL202复合材料,其增强颗粒在1－5um之间,分布均匀;复合材料的抗拉强度比基体合金的抗拉强度高,伸长度比基体合金的伸长率大,体现了复合材料比基体合金具有更优的性能。     

压铸TiC/AlSiCuMg复合材料的制备和性能

利用熔铸 -原位反应和压铸成形技术制备了TiC/AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0 .5复合材料 ,测试了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明 :TiC/AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0 .5复合材料的室温抗拉强度为 3 5 4MPa ,比基体合金提高 2 6% ;2 60℃时复合材料的抗拉强度为2 72MPa ,比基体合金提高 46%。复合材料的伸长率与AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0 .5合金相当     

电磁搅拌对Al_2O_(3p)/ZL109复合材料组织与性能的影响

采用半固态机械搅拌法,结合电磁搅拌技术成功制备了α-Al_2O_(3p)体积分数为5%的ZL109复合材料,研究了电磁搅拌对α-Al_2O_3颗粒分散性、力学性能及布氏硬度的影响,并测定了复合材料的线性热膨胀系数。结果表明,在电流为250A、频率为5Hz、磁感应强度为0.039T、时间为10 min的工艺条件下,α-Al_2O_3增强颗粒取得最佳的分散效果,基本无团聚。经T6热处理后,复合材料的抗拉强度和(HB)硬度为325 MPa和148,与基体相比,分别提高了10.2%和18.4%;因硬质α-Al_2O_3颗粒的引入,伸长率(2.7%)下降了20.6%。在30~400℃区间,复合材料的线性热膨胀系数值均低于ZL109基体合金。在30℃和400℃,复合材料的线性热膨胀系数与ZL109合金相比,分别降低了7.97%和3.79%。     

Fe2O3／Al体系制备Al2O3粒子增强铝基复合材料

对Fe2O3与Al合金反应合成法制备Al2O3粒子增强铝基复合材料进行了研究.对所得复合材料进行组织观察,OM观察发现Fe以网状合金相形式存在;SEM观察显示原位颗粒分布均匀,颗粒细小,直径小于0.5 μm;TEM观测显示Al2O3颗粒边角圆滑、界面干净,与基体结合良好.对复合材料进行力学性能测试,硬度略有提高,室温抗拉强度略低,300℃时抗拉强度达到92.18 MPa,比基体提高了26%.     

双尺度Al_2O)3颗粒增强铝基复合材料的组织和性能

通过粉末冶金真空热压烧结法制备了双尺度(nm、μm)混杂Al2O3颗粒增强铝基复合材料,并对复合材料的组织、密度、硬度及耐磨性进行了研究。结果表明,双尺度复合材料中增强颗粒在基体中分布均匀,没有明显的团聚现象,微米颗粒含量超过20%时,复合材料的空隙增多;4%的30nm颗粒+15%的75μm颗粒的双尺度复合材料的性能最好,其硬度比基体Al-Si合金提高70%,耐磨性比基体铝硅合金提高7.22倍;双尺度混杂颗粒复合材料的耐磨性高于单一纳米或微米颗粒复合材料,其磨损机制主要为粘着磨损、犁削和磨粒磨损。     

压铸TiC／AlSiCuMg复合材料的制备和性能

利用熔铸－原位反应和压铸成形技术制备了TiC/AlSi9Cul.4Mg0.5复合材料,测试了复合材料的力学性能。结果表明：TiC/AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0.5复合材料的室温抗拉强度为354MPa,比基体合金提高26％;260℃时复合材料的抗拉强度为272MPa,比基体合金提高46％。复合材料的伸长率与AlSi9Cu1.4Mg0.5合金相当。     

(TiB2+SiC)/ZL109复合材料的制备及其力学性能

采用搅拌铸造和原位反应合成相结合的方法制备出(TiB2 SiC)/ZL109复合材料.对该复合材料的显微组织观测表明,SiC颗粒与TiB2颗粒分布较均匀.通过对材料的室温拉伸性能及硬度测试,发现TiB2、SiC两相颗粒增强AlSi基复合材料的硬度明显比单一颗粒增强复合材料提高,而其拉伸强度也略有提高,弥补了单一SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料UTS降低的不足.(TiB2 SiC)/ZL109复合材料较基体合金ZL109硬度提高了34.8%.     

TiB2+SiC混杂颗粒增强的ZL109复合材料

在原位合成工艺制备TiB2颗粒增强ZL109复合材料基础上，通过加入SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料，制备了TiB2＋SiC混杂颗粒增强ZLl09复合材料。结果表明：TiB2颗粒在铝合金熔体中具有良好的悬浮稳定性，而且在TiB2＋SiC混杂颗粒增强铝基复合材料中，由于TiB2颗粒的存在，有效抑制了SiC颗粒的沉降行为，熔体经45min静置仍可获得颗粒分布均匀的复合材料，这使得制备高模量复杂形状零件的直接铸造成型成为可能；在TiB，＋SiC混杂颗粒增强铝基复合材料中，颗粒的混杂作用对复合材料弹性模量的提高具有协同作用，能够大幅度提高复合材料的弹性模量，其弹性模量较计算值提高14．7％；对于（10％TiB2＋10％SiC）／ZL109混杂增强铝基复合材料，经T6热处理后，材料抗拉强度可达到275MPa，弹性模量提高到105．8GPa。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。