Dynamic Irreversible Demagnetization Behavior of Line-start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors in the Starting Process

In the starting process of line-start permanent magnet synchronous motors, the relative lower flux density of the working point may cause irreversible demagnetization of permanent magnets. To research the dynamic irreversible demagnetization behavior, this article presents a sloped linear demagnetization model based on the time-stepping finite-element method. In this model, a new searching algorithm is used to quickly update the recoil line and the effective coercivity of each permanent magnet element so that the dynamic irreversible demagnetization effect can be considered effectively. Then the relationship between the demagnetization field and the rotor speed is studied, and the operation performances of the line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor after demagnetization in the starting process with different load conditions are compared. It is shown that the demagnetization field becomes larger with the rise of the rotor speed, and the demagnetization is more severe after a longer starting process with a larger load. Finally, the experimental validation on the characteristics of the dynamic irreversible demagnetization is performed by a line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor with a special rotor structure.     

高速磁浮列车用永磁直线同步电机特性有限元分析

用有限元法分析了高速磁浮列车用永磁直线同步电机的动力特性,得到了在列车前进时推力的波动情况,并讨论了不同气隙高度下高速磁浮列车用永磁直线同步电机电磁力的变化情况。     

基于精确线性化解耦的永磁同步电机空间矢量调制系统

从永磁同步电机的定子磁链模型出发，应用精确线性化理论，实现永磁同步电机输入输出线性化与解耦。将永磁同步电机动态解耦成二阶线性转速子系统和一阶线性磁链子系统，结合磁链扇区判断方法和线性化解耦后的实际系统输入来确定目标空间电压矢量，实现了永磁同步电机调速系统的转速和磁链动态解耦控制。仿真和实验结果表明，基于精确线性化解耦的永磁同步电机空间矢量调制系统具有理想的速度跟踪性、良好的鲁棒性和低速性。     

永磁直线同步电机现代控制策略综述

永磁同步直线电机在高精度、高速率的工业生产中应用越来越广泛,但由其组成的伺服系统属非线性、多变量、多耦合系统。为了更加平稳准确地控制直线电机的伺服系统,以满足其在工业生产中的应用,论文根据永磁同步直线电机伺服系统的性质和应用特点,并结合国内外的相关文献,综述了一些现代控制策略在永磁同步直线电机伺服系统中的应用。系统针对不同的控制要求,应选择合适的控制策略,才能达到满意的控制效果。     

基于有源阻尼的大功率永磁牵引电机电流控制

相比于异步电机,永磁同步电机具有功率密度高、效率高、可轻量化等优点,在大功率牵引传动领域得到了越来越多的研究.由于牵引变流器中二次谐振回路的存在,永磁电机的电压和电流在特定的定子频率点会产生振荡,影响系统的稳定运行,而传统的永磁电机电流控制方法无法有效抑制此振荡.为此,提出了一种基于有源阻尼注入方法的新型电流控制策略,...     

辅助磁障永磁同步电动机的电磁分析与参数优化

辅助磁障永磁同步电动机既具有永磁同步电动机高功率密度、高效率、高功率因数等优势,又兼具同步磁阻电机的宽调速范围、无高温退磁等优点,在调速驱动领域具有广阔的应用前景。在优化辅助磁障永磁同步电动机磁障形状、周边磁桥形状、磁障层数和永磁体占比的基础上,将其与“一”字型和“V”字型内置式永磁同步电动机进行对比分析,借助二维有限元仿真软件对三种结构的负载转矩、转矩脉动、损耗及效率等运行性能进行全面对比。以减小齿槽转矩有效值、减小空载反电势谐波含量和提高负载转矩有效值为目标对辅助磁障永磁同步电动机进行转子结构优化,对辅助磁障永磁同步电机的推广应用具有一定的参考价值。     

Optimal current control methods of a non‐salient pole hybrid field‐synchronous motor for energy‐efficient and wide speed‐range operation

This paper proposes new practical optimal current control methods for a newly emerging class of non‐salient pole synchronous motors with hybrid rotor fields by both permanent magnet and winding. In practical situations with limited voltage, the extensively used permanent magnet synchronous motor hardly achieves an ideal performance that allows simultaneously both low‐speed high‐torque and wide speed‐range operations, due to its constant magnet field. Hybrid field synchronous motors (HFSM) have recently emerged to achieve ideal performance as practical motors with controllable hybrid rotor field. For HFSM, the same torque can be produced by a variety of currents due to nonlinearity between torque and currents. Consequently, appropriate determination of a set of stator and rotor current commands plays a key role in achieving possible energy‐efficient and wide speed‐range operation. Proposed methods determine the current commands corresponding to a given torque command such that total winding copper loss due to stator and rotor currents can be minimized if the exact solution exists; the best approximate torque can be produced if no exact solution exists. The determined current commands are optimal in the sense of energy efficiency or degree of approximation in wide speed‐range operation under voltage limit. New real‐time recursive algorithms searching the optimal current solution are also given. The proposed methods are analytical but practical, and their usefulness is verified through experiments. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 156(1): 70–83, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience. wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.20156     

增程式电动车用永磁同步电机弱磁控制仿真研究

考虑到增程式电动车(EREV)电驱动系统的特点和特殊要求,在永磁同步电机数学模型的基础上,研究了永磁同步电机的弱磁控制原理及其控制策略。在基速以下,采用最大转矩/电流控制(MTPA),使电机运行于恒转矩区,以获得最大电磁转矩;当转速增至基速后,则采用弱磁控制策略,以拓宽电机的调速范围,实现高速恒功率运行。在Matlab/Simulink中,基于电压空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)技术对永磁同步电机弱磁控制系统进行了建模仿真,验证了该弱磁控制算法正确性。     

永磁同步电机的神经网络逆动态解耦控制

永磁同步电机是一个非线性、强耦合系统，应用神经网络逆系统方法对永磁同步电机进行动态解耦控制研究。通过对永磁同步电机的数学模型可逆性分析，得出解析逆系统，由解析逆系统与永磁同步电机原系统复合成两个伪线性子系统来构造神经网络逆系统，使永磁同步电机动态解耦成二阶线性转速子系统和一阶线性磁链子系统，并采用鲁棒伺服控制器对伪线性子系统进行线性闭环控制器的设计，实现永磁同步电机转速和定子磁链的动态解耦，仿真表明系统具有良好的动静态性能。     

内埋式永磁同步电机永磁磁链的在线辨识

在无速度传感器工作条件下,为了实现永磁同步电机转子位置和转速的精确控制,需要对电机参数进行在线辨识。本文研究了无速度传感器控制条件下,内埋式永磁同步电机永磁磁链的辨识。该调速系统采用转子磁链定向的矢量控制作为基本的控制策略,利用模型参考自适应系统对转子位置和转速进行估算,提出了一种基于扩展卡尔曼滤波器的永磁同步电机永磁磁链辨识方法。本文基于上述研究,实现了无速度传感器控制条件下,内埋式永磁同步电机永磁磁链的在线辨识,采用上述方法能够很好地避免由于电机的低阶状态方程而引起的辨识问题。仿真和实验结果证明了该辨识方法的可行性与有效性,而且在模型参考自适应中采用辨识得到的磁链参数,能够大幅度降低转子位置的估算误差。     

永磁直线同步电动机起动性能分析

介绍了永磁直线电动机的基本结构,从其基本原理出发,建立了永磁直线同步电动机的动态模型,分析了永磁直线电动机在起动过程中的电枢电压、电流、推力及起动速度等,进行了MATLAB仿真和永磁直线同步电动机微机测试装置的测试,并对实验结果进行了分析。     

磁悬浮列车用永磁直线同步电机特性的有限元分析

用有限元法分析了磁悬浮列车用永磁直线同步电机的动力特性,得到了在列车前进时推力的波动情况,并讨论了不同气隙高度下磁悬浮列车用永磁直线同步电机电磁力的变化情况。     

永磁直驱风力发电机无传感器矢量控制研究

在背靠背直驱永磁风力发电系统中,无传感器控制技术一直是研究的热点.在双Y移30°六相永磁同步发电机数学模型的基础上,设计了一个基于饱和函数的新型滑模变结构观测器,用于估算电机的转子位置和速度.利用估算的结果,实现了永磁直驱同步风力发电机组的无传感器矢量控制.仿真和实验结果表明该设计的滑模变结构控制器对负载扰动具有很强的...     

车用永磁同步电动机的铁耗分析与效率优化

电动汽车用永磁同步电动机在设计时不仅需要计算额定工况的性能,还应对每个转速点都进行性能计算,从而得到电机的效率图谱。为了满足车用永磁同步电动机高效率区的要求,先通过分段式变系数正交分解法研究了铁耗的变化规律,然后通过调整永磁体尺寸来实现电机效率的优化。     

双转子永磁同步风力发电机的最大功率跟踪控制

转速控制是永磁同步风力发电系统的最大功率跟踪控制的方法之一,该文在分析了双转子永磁同步风力发电机的数学模型、特性和搭建了双转子永磁同步风力发电机的仿真模型的基础上,将转速控制方法应用到管道式双转子永磁同步风力发电系统中。仿真结果表明:前后风力机设计合适的叶片,转速控制可应用到新型的双转子永磁同步风力发电机,前后风力机可能都实现最大风能跟踪,具有一定的理论意义。     

永磁同步电机弱磁失控机制及其应对策略研究

弱磁控制技术可以使永磁同步电机实现宽转速范围调速运行.深度弱磁时,如果电流调节器出现饱和,会导致电机失控甚至损坏.研究弱磁控制中电流失控的原因,指出应当对d轴电流准确限幅以防止系统失控.基于以上分析,提出了应对饱和失控现象的控制策略,经实验验证该控制策略可显著提高永磁同步电机的弱磁转速范围.     

Design of a new axially-laminated interior permanent magnet motor

The design of a new type of axially-laminated interior permanent magnet motor drive showing an extremely wide constant-power speed range which exceeds 7.5:1 is described. The effect on the field-weakening performance of the number of poles, the pole-piece material, the rotor bolt holes, the airgap size, the rotor insulation ratio, and the magnet type are analyzed using analytical and finite-element techniques. A 7.5-kW synchronous reluctance and a 7.5-kW interior permanent magnet axially-laminated rotor were built for a commercial induction motor stator and experimental low-speed and field-weakening results are presented     

Operating Limits of Inverter-Driven Permanent Magnet Motor Drives

Recent developments of high-energy permanent magnet (PM) materials such as neodymium-iron-boron have focused attention on the use of PM synchronous motors supplied from inverters for a wide variety of speed control applications. PM motor drives are readily applicable where full torque is required up to full or base speed. They are, however, limited in their ability to operate in the power-limited regime where the available torque is reduced as the speed is increased above its base value. In contrast with the field weakening approach used in dc drives, the magnet is permanent. The torque-speed operating limits of PM motor drives, of conventional design are explored, and then design measures which can substantially extend operation into the power-limited regime are proposed. A trade-off between the low speed-torque limit and the extent of the speed range above base speed is achieved by variations in magnet dimensions and the depth of inset of the magnets in the rotor iron. Experimental results are presented for two motors of different design, each using neodymium magnets and each supplied from a current-controlled inverter with hysteresis control of current waveshape.     

异步起动永磁同步电机非正常工况退磁分析

为了研究异步起动永磁同步电机非正常工况运行时的退磁磁场对永磁体的影响,通过建立有限元模型,计算分析了包括三相突然短路、缺相运行、过载运行、降电压运行、失步运行和堵转运行6种常见非正常工况运行时定子电流、转速和永磁体工作点磁密的变化。结果表明,起动过程电流均大于非正常工况运行时的冲击电流,直接影响了作用在永磁体上的去磁磁动势,定、转子合成磁动势作用在永磁体上,将使得永磁体工作点磁密最小,退磁风险最大。当电机在同步状态运行时,永磁体工作点磁密为恒定的值;当电机在失步状态运行时,转子导条产生感应电流,定子电流和转子导条电流产生的合成磁场使永磁体工作点磁密做周期性波动。     

永磁同步直线电机的粒子群PID空间矢量控制

由于永磁同步直线电机(PMLSM)在运行过程中存在着参数变动和负载干扰等问题,因此传统PID控制器无法满足高精度伺服控制系统的要求。针对以上问题,提出一种基于粒子群参数全局寻优的在线自整定PID控制器,并通过MATLAB/Simulink对永磁同步直线电机和其空间矢量控制系统进行建模和仿真实验。仿真结果表明,采用粒子群优化算法的PID控制系统在指定速度1 m/s和加入200 N的负载时,比传统PID控制器具有更好的动态响应性能,能有效抑制推力波动而且对负载扰动具有很强的鲁棒性,其实验结果也证明了其可行性和有效性。