硫化镍铜多金属共生贫矿石的浮选

超基性岩型硫化镍铜多金属共生贫矿石中矿物种类繁多，嵌镶关系复杂，伴生有价金属丰富。该矿石的分选，尤其是精矿降镁难度大。采用以ＡＳ－４为捕收起泡剂分速浮选，中矿添加ＡＴ－４、ＡＴ－５等调整剂集中再选的ＢＦＰ全混合浮选工艺，获得了良好的选别指标，原矿镍品位０．６０％，铜品位０．３９％时，镍铜混合精矿含镍６．７４％，含铜４．５５％，含氧化镁５．９０％，含钴０．１７％，镍回收率７３．３２％，铜回收率７５．     

提高精矿质量和矿产资源利用率

对低硫低铜磁铁矿进行了不同工艺研究， 采用先浮后磁和使用高选择性捕收剂可获得精矿含铁６３ ．１８ ％ ， 回收率８４ ．３４ ％ ， 含硫０ ．３８ ％ 的合格铁精矿； 含铜１３ ．８３ ％ ，回收率５１ ．４１ ％ 的铜精矿；含硫３５ ．１９ ％ ，回收率７３ ．５９ ％ 的硫精矿， 明显提高了矿产资源利用率。     

黄铁矿精矿对炼铜炉渣的贫化作用

为降低铜精矿自热熔炼产出炉渣的含铜损失，在１２５０℃（１５２３Ｋ）和惰性气体保护的条件下，研究了添加黄铁矿精矿对炉渣的还原和硫化作用，确定了合理的黄铁矿精矿添加量和共存底冰铜品位。在适当添加熔剂后，炉渣含铜可从１．３６％降至０．２５％，此方法对含铜更高的转炉渣也有成效。     

铜萃余液综合回收铜、锌试验研究

采用硫化沉淀工艺对铜萃余液中的铜、锌等有价金属进行了回收试验研究,考察了硫化沉淀pH值、硫化钠加入量和硫化反应时间等因素以及铜、锌共沉淀和分步沉淀对铜、锌回收率和精矿品位的影响。试验结果表明,铜、锌分步沉淀时,萃余液pH=2．5,加入1．2倍硫化钠用量,反应20min,沉铜效果最好,铜回收率98．33％,精矿铜品位38．88％;pH=3．5,加入1．4倍硫化钠用量,反应20min,沉锌效果最好,锌回收率为98．36％,精矿锌品位33．17％。该工艺可有效回收萃余液中的铜、锌等有价金属。、     

合理用药提高含碳硫化铜矿的精矿品位

通过试验确定选用脂肪醇做起泡剂，木质素为抑制剂选别含碳硫化铜矿，采用适当的药剂用量，按原流程生产，取得了良好的指标：原矿含铜０．６５１％，含碳１．６２％，精矿含铜２１．３６％，回收率９４，１６％，含碳５．４３％。     

用锌粉从高铜铅含氰贵液中置换金银

遂昌金矿采用氰化法处理高铜铅锌金精矿，由于浸出液中重金属含量偏高，在用锌粉置换金和银时置换率偏低，最低时金置换率只有12．66％。采用预先沉铅提高氰化物和碱浓度-锌粉置换-酸化除铜-酸化废液调浆返回浸出的工艺，很好地解决了浸出贵液中的重金属含量偏高而影响金置换率低的难题。     

应用新药剂和新工艺提高铜钼混合精矿中钼回收指标的研究与实践

针对现场生产工艺存在的钼回收指标低的问题，从辉钼矿的晶体结构和表面异性，以及浮选介质对捕收剂吸附的影响等方面进行了分析，发现现场生产流程和捕收剂不利于辉钼矿的回收。在研制开发了新型高效捕收剂ＢＫ－３０２和ＸＦ－３的前提下，在铜钼混合浮选阶段，进行了ＢＫ－３０２优先浮选工艺和ＸＦ－３异步混合浮选新工艺的研究与实践。结果表明，与现场原生产工艺相比，在保证铜回收的前提下，铜精矿中钼的回收率分别提高了４．２％和２４．５３％，钼品位分别提高了０．１３２％和０．２８４％，且钼品位分别达到了０．６１７％和０．４３０％，为铜钼混合精矿的分离创造了有利条件。     

某铜钼矿铜钼分离工艺试验研究

介绍了某铜钼矿石铜钼分离的药剂试验成果，在硫化钠用量15．5kg／t、水玻璃用量0．55kg／t，闭路试验指标：当铜钼混合精矿中含铜17．85％，钼0．251％时，获得的钼精矿品位46．77％，钼回收率85．72％，其中含铜0．205％，铜精矿品位17．93％，铜回收率99．995％。     

某铜钼矿石铜钼分离工艺试验研究

介绍某铜钼矿石铜钼分离的药剂试验结果。硫化钠用量15．5kg／t、水玻璃用量0．55kg／t，闭路试验指标：当铜钼混合精矿中含铜17．85％、钼0．251％时，获得的钼精矿品位46．77％，钼回收率85．72％(其中含铜0．205％)，铜精矿品位17．93％，铜回收率99．995％。     

广西某铜锌多金属硫化矿浮选试验研究

本文对广西某难选的铜锌多金属硫化矿进行了浮选试验研究。采用优先选铜方案。难以获得理想指标;采用全硫浮选工艺,使用新药剂DY作捕收剂,单一药剂制度,就能将铜、锌矿物一起富集到粗选精矿中,铜、锌回收率分别达到80．39％、93．86％。采用漂白粉、腐植酸钠和高锰酸钾组合抑制剂对粗选金矿进行铜锌混合浮选,最终获得铜锌精矿中铜品位为7．47％,回收率为41．90％,锌品位为13．01％,回收率为66．64％。铜、锌品位不高,需进一步分离。硫粗精矿含硫48．35％,但含铜较高,也需进一步分离富集。     

某含铜氧化金矿石氨氰法浸金工艺试验研究

针对某含铜金矿石进行了氨氰法浸金及浸出贵液脱铜试验研究。其结果表明:在一定条件下,可获得较好的技术指标,浸渣金品位0.38 g/t,浸出贵液金、铜平均质量浓度分别为2.27 mg/L、61.94 mg/L,渣计金浸出率为89.44%;采用双氧水除铜,铜沉淀率为85.85%,氧化沉淀渣铜品位超过50%,可以铜精矿出售。     

祁雨沟金矿金精矿的提金研究

本文对祁雨沟金矿的浮选金精矿进行了焙烧、酸浸、氰化等试验研究，除回收有价元素铜、硫外，金的氰化浸出率可获得９５％以上的满意结果，为进一步拓宽该金矿的发展提供了较为合理的途径。     

浮选铜精矿加压酸浸工艺研究

系统研究了各种因素对浮选铜精矿铜浸出率的影响。结果表明:在中温条件下铜浸出率不高的根本原因是由于形成大量的硫包裹,于是采用了新型浸出剂ZK-05,使精矿中铜的浸出率达到98%以上,而硫则通过浮选回收,其回收率约为60%。     

Leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite with H<Subscript>2</Subscript>SO<Subscript>4</Subscript>-NaCl-O<Subscript>2</Subscript>

The recovery of copper from chalcopyrite by leaching is complex not only due to the slow dissolution kinetics of this mineral in most aqueous media but also due to the production of solutions that are heavily contaminated with iron. On the contrary, the leaching of sulfidized chalcopyrite is very attractive because of a faster and more selective dissolution of copper compared to the leaching of the untreated chalcopyrite. In this work, the results of leaching in H₂SO₄-NaCl-O₂ solutions of sulfidized chalcopyrite concentrate are discussed. Experiments were carried out with chalcopyrite concentrates previously reacted with elemental sulfur at 375 °C for 60 minutes. The results showed that the concentration of chloride ions below 0.5 M, temperature, and leaching time are important variables for the extraction of Cu. On the other hand, Fe extraction was little affected by the same variables, remaining below 6 pct for all the experimental conditions tested. Microscopic observations of the leached particles showed that the elemental sulfur produced by the reaction does not form a coherent layer surrounding the particle, but rather concentrates in certain locations as large clusters. The leaching kinetics can be accurately described by a nonreactive core-shrinking rim topochemical expression for spherical particles 1 − (1 − 0.45X)^1/3=kt. The activation energy found was 76 kJ/mol for the range 85 °C to 100 °C.     

锌加压酸浸渣中硫磺的回收方法研究

对比分析了浮选法、热过滤法和硫化铵法回收锌加压酸浸渣中硫磺的优缺点。考察了硫化铵溶液浸出浮选硫精矿、硫化物滤饼和多硫化铵母液热分解过程的影响因素。结果表明,液固比和硫化铵浓度对硫磺浸出效果影响较为明显,在最佳试验条件下硫化物滤饼中硫的浸出率约为95%,浮选硫精矿中硫的浸出率和回收率均达到98%,多硫化铵母液热分解后获得的硫磺产品纯度高达99.57%。硫化铵浸出渣中有价金属富集倍数较高,有利于锌加压酸浸渣的综合利用。     

Pressure Leaching Kinetics of Multimetallic Sulphide Concentrates in H2SO4 + O2 Solution

Abstract

A multimetallic sulphide concentrate containing sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite and silver in the matrix of pyrite was decomposed at elevated temperature and oxygen pressures in dilute sulphuric acid solutions for sufficient residence time to yield 95% of the zinc in the pregnant solution while most of the lead and silver remained in the residue together with most of the pyrite. The selective leaching process appeared to follow the diffusion controlled mechanism. The effects of concentration of the leachant, temperature and time of leaching, particle size, oxygen pressure and agitation on the leaching process were investigated. Results indicate the prospect of extracting not only all the metals but also appreciable amounts of elemental sulphur under optimized experimental conditions.     

含金银铜硫精矿综合回收试验研究

以某含金银铜复杂硫精矿为研究对象,进行了沸腾炉焙烧—酸浸—氰化浸出联合流程研究,考察了焙烧、烧渣除杂及金、银浸出等作业条件.结果表明:采用沸腾炉焙烧—酸浸—氰化浸出联合流程,可综合回收各有价元素;在最佳工艺条件下,焙烧硫回收率97.57％,酸浸铜浸出率66.45％、硫浸出率88.28％、砷浸出率50.70％,氰化浸出金...     

闪速炼铜转炉渣浮选尾矿综合利用的研究

采用浸出－萃取－电积工艺对闪速炼铜转炉渣浮选尾矿（简称尾矿）进行综合利用研究。研究结果表明：选用低酸、加添加剂A进行搅拌浸出,铜的浸出率为60．35％,浸出过程尾矿中的铁不进入溶液而留于浸出渣中,浸出渣含铜由原尾矿中的0．63％降至0．24％,基本符合炼铁对铁精矿的原料中铜含量的要求,浸出渣可作铁精矿的原料出售而增值;含铜浸出液经萃取、电积回收铜,铜回收率接近60％,产品阴极铜质量符合国家1^#铜标准。     

Thermodynamics of reactions during nitric acid leaching of minerals of a copper concentrate

Conditions for the effective dissolution of sulfides without the isolation of elemental sulfur and iron oxides are determined at 20 and 100°C using “potential-pH” thermodynamic diagrams in the Cu-Fe-S-N-O-H system. The acquired thermodynamic characteristics of leaching of the copper concentrate with nitric acid can be used when selecting the production parameters for processing the copper concentrates.     

A new hydrometallurgical method for the processing of copper concentrates using ferric sulphate

An outline of a hydrometallurgical method employed for the processing of a copper sulphide concentrate is presented. It consists in leaching the concentrate with acid ferric sulphate solution, followed by electrolysis of the copper with simultaneous anodic regeneration of the leaching agent in electrolysers with diaphragms. Each operation, concentrate leaching, high-temperature crystallization of excess leaching agent in the form of FeSO₄·H₂O and diaphragm electrolysis, are discussed and described.The basic feature of the process is the double regeneration of the leaching agent which makes it possible to decrease the ferric ion concentration in recycled solutions to about 50% of the stoichiometric amount resulting from the leaching reactions.Electrolytic copper of more than 99.95% purity is obtained as a product. The method eliminates environmental pollution and solutions with high metal concentrations are circulated in a closed system.