基于径向基函数的非线性系统近似偏最小一乘准则辨识算法

针对输入信号非线性相关的非线性系统,提出了基于径向基函数的近似偏最小一乘准则辨识算法。首先对观测数据矩阵进行列扩展,以径向基函数(radial basis function,RBF)网络的输出作为观测数据矩阵的扩展项,然后利用近似偏最小一乘算法对扩展的观测矩阵和输出矩阵进行线性回归。近似偏最小一乘算法用确定性可导函数近似代替残差绝对值,可以抑制对称α稳定(symmetrical alpha stable,SαS)分布的尖峰噪声。同时,通过主成分分析去除非线性系统数据向量矩阵之间的非线性相关,得出模型参数的唯一解。仿真实验表明,本文算法可以对输入信号存在非线性相关的非线性系统进行直接辨识,抑制了尖峰噪声对辨识结果的影响,具有优良的稳健性。     

基于近似偏最小一乘准则的多变量非线性系统辨识方法

基于近似最小一乘准则和主成分分析,针对输入信号线性相关的多变量Hammerstein模型,进行了近似偏最小一乘非线性系统辨识算法的推导。本文算法用确定性可导函数近似代替残差绝对值,可以抑制满足SαS分布的尖峰噪声,且具有目标函数可导、计算简单的优点。同时,通过主成分分析去除非线性系统数据向量矩阵之间的相关性,可以得出模型参数的唯一解。仿真实验表明,本文算法可以对输入信号存在相关性的多变量Hammerstein模型进行直接辨识,抑制了尖峰噪声对辨识结果的影响,具有优良的稳健性。     

基于近似偏最小一乘准则的多变量非线性系统辨识方法

基于近似最小一乘准则和主成分分析,针对输入信号线性相关的多变量Hammerstein模型,进行了近似偏最小一乘非线性系统辨识算法的推导。本文算法用确定性可导函数近似代替残差绝对值,可以抑制满足SαS分布的尖峰噪声,且具有目标函数可导、计算简单的优点。同时,通过主成分分析去除非线性系统数据向量矩阵之间的相关性,可以得出模型参数的唯一解。仿真实验表明,本文算法可以对输入信号存在相关性的多变量Hammerstein模型进行直接辨识,抑制了尖峰噪声对辨识结果的影响,具有优良的稳健性。     

基于近似最小一乘准则的Hammerstein-Wiener模型随机梯度辨识

基于最小一乘准则和随机梯度算法原理,针对受尖峰噪声影响的非线性Hammerstein-Wiener模型,提出基于最小一乘准则的随机梯度算法。为解决最小一乘准则函数不可微的问题,该算法引入确定性可导函数近似代替残差绝对值。仿真实验表明:基于最小一乘准则的随机梯度算法对于非线性Hammerstein-Wiener模型可以有效地辨识出模型参数,同时抑制尖峰噪声对辨识结果的影响,具有更高的辨识精度、更快的收敛速度和良好的鲁棒性。     

基于模糊规则的多模型固相质量流量软测量

针对静电传感器无法给出颗粒质量流量绝对值以及多相流流动形态和结构变化影响传感器输出等问题,提出了一种基于分解合成的多模型加权平均的固相质量流量非线性软测量模型。在高压密相气力输送系统上,通过静电传感器获得大量试验数据,提取信号特征,利用模糊聚类算法将输入数据进行空间分区, 每一区间上用径向基函数（RBF）神经网络辨识出一个子模型, 再利用模糊推理将各子模型输出加权求和得到颗粒质量流量的估计值。该模型减小了流型对测量结果的影响,提高了测量精度。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的MIMO线性参数变化模型辨识及预测控制

将现有的面向单输入单输出系统的基于最小二乘支持向量机的参数变化模型辨识算法(SISO-LSSVM-LPV), 推广到多输入多输出系统, 实现了面向多输入多输出系统的基于最小二乘支持向量机的参数变化模型辨识算法(MIMO-LSSVM-LPV), 进一步结合基于遗传算法的预测控制算法(GA-MPC), 提出并实现了MIMO-LSSVM-LPV+ GA-MPC的建模控制一体化新架构。仿真结果表明, 该辨识算法可逼近复杂非线性MIMO系统, 辨识精度高, 并且保留了线性回归低计算量的优点, 结合了GA的MPC可实现最优控制量的在线实时寻优, 并取得了良好控制效果。     

BP网络结构和算法对非线性系统进行辨识

利用MATLAB神经网络工具箱进行了基于BP神经网络的非线性系统辨识仿真研究,针对实际问题选取BP网络结构和BP算法,并对网络输入、输出、隐层节点的个数选取作了探讨,选取一个非线性系统,通过改变隐层节点数和训练函数,找出适当的BP网络结构和算法对非线性系统进行辨识。     

基于混合粒子群优化的异类多模型软测量方法研究与应用

基于异类组合预测模型可提高模型的预测精度及鲁棒性的思想,提出一种基于混合粒子群优化的异类多模型非线性组合软测量建模的新方法。即先分别用混合粒子群优化的径向基函数神经网络、最小二乘支持向量机及部分最小二乘算法对训练集训练得出子模型,然后将具有性能互补性的三个子模型的输出作为反向传播网络的输入得到最后结果。用混合粒子群优化的方法来选取径向基函数神经网络和最小二乘支持向量机的模型参数,该方法克服了常用的交叉验证法耗时与盲目性问题。三层反向传播网络具有无限逼近特性,使得整个组合预测模型具有更好的泛化能力和预报精度。将其应用于汽油调合系统中研究法辛烷值的预测,仿真结果表明,该方法是可行且有效的。     

基于Hammerstein-Wiener模型的连续搅拌反应釜神经网络预测控制

针对化工过程中广泛使用的连续搅拌反应釜(CSTR),提出一种基于神经网络的模型预测控制策略,采用分段最小二乘支持向量机辨识Hammerstein-Wiener模型系数的方法,在此基础上建立线性自回归模式〖DK〗(ARX)结构和高斯径向基神经网络串联的非线性预测控制器。利用BP神经网络训练预测控制输入序列和拟牛顿算法求解非线性预测控制律,从而实现一种基于支持向量机Hammerstein-Wiener辨识模型的非线性神经网络预测控制算法。对CSTR的仿真结果表明,该方法能够更有效地跟踪控制反应物浓度。     

基于工厂数据的注意力LSTM网络辨识方法

化工企业控制系统日益复杂,辨识被控对象模型是自动控制和优化设计的首要任务。针对化工过程多数辨识实验需要对过程施加测试信号,可能导致生产中断或引发安全事故的问题,利用长短时记忆（long short-term memory,LSTM）网络对含高维度、强耦合、非线性等特点的工厂时序数据具有的强适应性的特点,提出一种结合注意力机制思想的LSTM非线性动态模型辨识算法。该算法在LSTM模型基础上考虑输入变量对目标变量的重要性,为输入序列中影响输出结果的关键特征分配更多注意力,提高了LSTM模型的泛化能力。基于工厂日常运行数据构建LSTM网络模型可作为被辨识对象的数字化虚拟装置,利用人工测试信号在虚拟装置上离线辨识局部线性模型。在Tennessee-Eastman（TE）过程上的辨识实验验证了本文方法的有效性。     

基于粒子群优化算法和非线性盲源信号分离测量两相流速度(英文)

In order to overcome the disturbance of noise,this paper presented a method to measure two-phase flow velocity using particle swarm optimization algorithm,nonlinear blind source separation and cross correlation method.Because of the nonlinear relationship between the output signals of capacitance sensors and fluid in pipeline,nonlinear blind source separation is applied.In nonlinear blind source separation,the odd polynomials of higher order are used to fit the nonlinear transformation function,and the mutual information of separation signals is used as the evaluation function.Then the parameters of polynomial and linear separation matrix can be estimated by mutual information of separation signals and particle swarm optimization algorithm,thus the source signals can be separated from the mixed signals.The two-phase flow signals with noise which are obtained from upstream and downstream sensors are respectively processed by nonlinear blind source separation method so that the noise can be effectively removed.Therefore,based on these noise-suppressed signals,the distinct curves of cross correlation function and the transit times are obtained,and then the velocities of two-phase flow can be accurately calculated.Finally,the simulation experimental results are given.The results have proved that this method can meet the measurement requirements of two-phase flow velocity.     

Development of a novel self-validating soft sensor

A self-validating soft sensor is proposed that not only can perform self-diagnostics and self-reconstruction, but also generate a variety of output data types, including the prediction values, input sensors status of soft sensor and the uncertainty values which represent the credibility of soft sensor??s output. The input sensors are validated before performing a prediction by principal components analysis (PCA) model. These validated data are then employed for subsequent recursive partial least square (RPLS) prediction. Other than input sensor validation and modeling for prediction, a t-statistic confidence interval is created and the status of input sensors is offered. By using this self-validating soft sensor, we can determine the work condition of the soft sensor and take proper actions in real time. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated through a case study of a wastewater treatment process.     

基于支持向量机MPLS的间歇过程故障诊断方法

1 INTRODUCTION In batch or fed-batch processes, raw materials are converted to products within a finite duration. In prac- tical production, the process commonly exhibits large variations from batch to batch due to such influencing factors as the quality fluctuation of raw materials, de- fect of equipments, contaminations, and other unpre- dicted disturbances. These variations may have an adverse effect on the final product quantity and quality. But it is generally difficult to discern th…     

A Recursive Nonlinear PLS Algorithm for Adaptive Nonlinear Process Modeling

Partial least squares (PLS) regression has been shown to be a powerful multivariate linear regression method for problems where the data are noisy and highly correlated. However, in many practical situations, the processes being modeled exhibit nonlinear behavior, which cannot be reliably modeled by linear regression methods. Furthermore, the processes often experience time‐varying changes. In this paper, a recursive nonlinear PLS (RNPLS) algorithm is proposed to deal with this problem. First, a nonlinear PLS (NLPLS) model is built by performing PLS regression on the extended input matrix and the output matrix, where the extension of the input matrix includes the outputs of the hidden nodes of an RBF network and a constant column with all elements being one. When new data cannot be described by the old model in the sense that the model performance on a moving window of data is not satisfactory, the recursive algorithm is then used to modify the structure and parameters of the model to adapt process changes. Applications of this RNPLS algorithm to a simulated pH neutralization process and an industrial propylene polymerization process are presented and the results demonstrate that this algorithm adapts the process changes effectively and gives satisfactory prediction results.     

应用傅立叶解析的参数估值法——固定床流体与颗粒间给热系数的测定

采用任意波形的输入温度信号对固定床进行温度应答实验,根据实验结果,对固定床的Disperison-Concentric模型进行傅立叶解析,在Re数0.5到229的范围内,拟合确定固定床中流体与颗粒的给热系数。 结果表明:在层流区,流体与颗粒间传热的Nu数并不随Re数的下降而减小。     

一种新颖的鲁棒动态数据校正方法

Outlier in one variable will smear the estimation of other measurements in data reconciliation （DR）. In this article, a novel robust method is proposed for nonlinear dynamic data reconciliation, to reduce the influence of outliers on the result of DR. This method introduces a penalty function matrix in a conventional least-square objective function, to assign small weights for outliers and large weights for normal measurements. To avoid the loss of data information, element-wise Mahalanobis distance is proposed, as an improvement on vector-wise distance, to construct a penalty function matrix. The correlation of measurement error is also considered in this article. The method introduces the robust statistical theory into conventional least square estimator by constructing the penalty weight matrix and gets not only good robustness but also simple calculation. Simulation of a continuous stirred tank reactor, verifies the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

偏最小二乘回归神经网络模型在燃煤锅炉结渣预测中的应用

偏最小二乘回归方法能较好地解决自变量之间的严重相关性问题,笔者将偏最小二乘回归与神经网络耦合,建立了克拉玛依市油田公司某燃煤供热锅炉结渣预测模型。利用偏最小二乘法对影响锅炉结渣的诸多因素进行分析,提取对因变量影响强的成分,从而克服了变量之间的多重相关性问题,降低了神经网络的输入维数。同时,利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。结果表明,预测值与实际值很接近,耦合模型的拟合和预报精度均优于独立使用偏最小二乘回归或神经网络建模的精度。模型对于提高燃煤锅炉的安全运行具有重要的指导意义。     

A HYBRID BOOTSTRAP APPROACH TO UNIT ROOT TESTS

This article proposes a hybrid bootstrap approach to approximate the augmented Dickey–Fuller test by perturbing both the residual sequence and the minimand of the objective function. Since innovations can be dependent, this allows the inclusion of conditional heteroscedasticity models. The new bootstrap method is also applied to least absolute deviation‐based unit root test statistics, which are efficient in handling heavy‐tailed time‐series data. The asymptotic distributions of resulting bootstrap tests are presented, and Monte Carlo studies demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed tests.