一种新型高增益低雷达散射截面微带天线

设计了一种双屏频率选择表面,由传输线模型和表面电流、电场分布分析了其透波机理,并将其作为微带天线的天线罩;由射线理论和相位相消原理分析了新天线高增益和带内雷达散射截面减缩机理．仿真和实验结果表明:加载天线罩后的天线,在带宽没有受到影响的条件下,天线增益提高了5.49dB,E、H面半功率主瓣宽度分别减小了63°和52°;同时,在2～18GHz范围,天线法线方向带外和带内雷达散射截面减缩均在5dB以上;在-23°～23°范围,天线带内雷达散射截面减缩最大超过20.94dB．     

阻抗型FSS在阵列天线RCS减缩中的应用

设计了一种环状阻抗型频率选择表面吸波结构,并对其单元的电磁特性进行了详细分析.在此基础上将该阻抗型频率选择表面吸波结构应用于微带阵列天线雷达散射截面的减缩中.阻抗型频率选择表面结构由周期排列的频率选择表面单元组成,每个单元均由3个阻抗环构成,阵列天线为2×2的微带贴片天线阵,并将阻抗性频率选择表面结构排列在阵列天线单元之间.仿真结果表明,该结构可在6~22GHz频段内表现出良好的吸波特性.将其加载于微带阵列天线时,对天线的辐射特性产生的影响较小,且天线的单站雷达散射截面减缩效果明显,最大减缩量可达27dB,实现了宽带、宽角域的天线雷达散射截面减缩.     

利用高阻抗表面缩减天线雷达截面的新方法

针对现有雷达截面(RCS)减缩技术会导致天线辐射性能退化,体积、重量和成本增加,减缩性能受安装精度影响而不稳定的缺点,提出了一种缩减天线RCS的新方法．将高阻抗表面(HIS)与天线制作于介质板的同一表面,使HIS的同相反射相位带隙的频率与天线工作频率重合,通过高阻抗表面与天线的散射场的对消来减小天线的雷达散射截面,从而实现对垂直照射的天线工作频带内的同极化威胁雷达波的隐身．实验结果表明: 在天线工作频带内,其RCS得到了5.3dB以上的减缩,同时,带外RCS亦得到了有效的抑制,S₁₁的-10dB并未展宽,天线间的互耦得到了有效抑制．     

一种新型宽带方向图可重构天线

设计了一种具有两个辐射模式的宽带方向图可重构天线。该天线由两个准八木天线单元组成,两个单元的辐射体分别指向相反的方向。两个单元使用同一根同轴线从背面馈电,在每个单元的馈线与同轴线馈点之间安装一个PIN二极管以控制辐射模式。在天线振子的下方安装反射板用以调节天线的辐射方向,避免了天线对射频组件的干扰。仿真结果显示,天线的工作频段为5.00~5.65 GHz,两种模式的主瓣分别指向θ=±55°,3 dB波瓣宽度均为110°,工作频段内增益为7.3~7.7 dB,调节反射板的尺寸可以改变天线的主瓣指向。对该天线进行了实际制作和测量,实测结果和仿真结果较吻合。该天线可以用于智能通信系统。     

基于SPiN二极管的硅基可重构天线设计

针对传统金属天线系统集成度低、性能重构不灵活等问题,设计并制备一种具有高浓度固体等离子体的横向 SPiN 二极管。 测试结果表明,该二极管处于工作状态时,本征区内部等离子体区域呈现类金属特性(载流子浓度超过1018cm-3),可取代金属作为天线基本辐射单元。在此基础上,研究一种基于SPiN 二极管的硅基频率可重构单极子天线,通过控制不同二极管单元的导通与截止,实现硅基天线在2.56 GHz 和 2.68 GHz 的两种重构模式,并对天线其他辐射性能进行分析。     

一种超宽带穿墙雷达天线单元的设计

针对超宽带穿墙雷达的成像分辨率不高和探测运动目标等问题,设计一种大带宽、多极化的超宽带天线单元。该天线单元采用双线性极化微带贴片天线的形式,同轴线馈电,并在背面加装反射板,使天线向前半空间辐射。实际测试表明,天线单元的端口驻波比小于2的带宽为0.85~2.05 GHz,极化隔离度小于-30 d B,可在超宽带穿墙雷达上实现成像和探测运动目标。     

AMC用于传输、辐射及散射问题的研究进展

介绍了人工磁导体用于波导传输、天线辐射和隐身材料的研究进展.通过金属导体和人工磁导体构造虚拟电/磁壁,设计了新型的平行板波导;利用人工磁导体作反射板,可实现低剖面天线系统的设计,并且通过改变极化依赖型人工地板上偶极子的取向,能够获得圆极化辐射特性;通过在人工磁导体上加载合适的电阻,可设计超薄的雷达吸波材料;利用人工磁导...     

采用间距优化的阵列天线RCS减缩方法研究

将阵列综合思想用于阵列天线雷达散射截面(RCS)的减缩,通过调整非均匀阵列的阵元间距来优化阵列天线的辐射性能与低散射特性．以差分进化(DE)算法作为优化工具,并通过矩量法(MoM)来实现候选解的辐射、散射计算．优化时采用了辐射、散射兼顾的目标函数,给出了具有低副瓣、低散射特性的天线阵列．最后,给出的对称振子阵列和领结阵列的优化实例表明,采用上述方法可使阵列获得5dB以上的RCS减缩．     

超宽带准八木天线阵列设计

准八木(Quasi-Yagi)天线是一种基于传统八木天线的宽带平面微带天线,具有良好的增益特性.为了实现超宽带系统的远距离通信,该天线在准八木天线基础上增加了引向器,从而在对天线剖面影响较小的前提下提高了天线单元的增益.利用宽带馈电网络组阵,使天线阵列具有良好的阻抗匹配性能,显著提高了天线的辐射效率.仿真和测试结果均表明:准八木天线有效地实现了超宽带、小型化、高增益,并且在水平方向上天线的能量辐射范围比较大,而在垂直方向上能量辐射相对集中,从而在远距离地面通信中有效增加了辐射能量的利用率,可以实现定向远距离地面宽带通信.     

结构型吸波材料在阵列天线RCS减缩中的应用

天线雷达散射截面(RCS)减缩时需要保证天线的基本辐射性能,这使得其带内的RCS控制变得十分困难．为此,提出了利用结构型吸波材料实现阵列天线的带内RCS减缩．结构型吸波材料由矩形金属贴片和相邻贴片之间的加载电阻构成,阵列天线为1×4的微带贴片天线阵,并将吸波材料排列在阵列天线单元之间．仿真和实测结果表明,当阵列单元之间加入结构型吸波材料后,阵列天线的辐射性能基本保持不变,阵列天线的带内RCS能获得9dB以上的减缩．     

Antenna radar cross section reduction by a reconfigurable radar absorbing structure

An active reconfigurable Radar absorbing structure using a pin diode for the radar cross section (RCS) reduction of the antenna reflector is proposed, which is able to be switched between metal reflector with OFF-state diodes and absorber with ON-state diodes. The reflection coefficient of the RAS reflector is able to be switched between less than -25.0dB with OFF-state diodes and more than -0.8dB with ON-state diodes around 8.3GHz. The RAS reflector with ON-state diodes is applied to a dipole antenna reflector and gives radiation performance equivalent to that of the dipole with a metal reflector. The RAS reflector with OFF-state diodes is used as a radar absorber for RCS reduction. Meanwhile, a chessboard-like geometry RAS reflector is proposed in response to the wideband RCS reduction. The RCS reduction band covers the working band and is extended to 5～18GHz. The results show that the reconfigurable RAS reflector can contribute to the antenna RCS reduction at the working frequency, with the radiation performance of the dipole antenna preserved.     

附加延时线的阵列天线模式项RCS减缩优化

减缩天线雷达散射截面时需要保证天线的基本辐射性能,这使得对其带内的雷达散射截面控制变得十分困难.为此,提出了加载不等长延时线的方法来实现阵列天线模式项雷达散射截面的减缩.由于天线模式项散射实质上是天线接收的入射能量经馈电内部不匹配处反射而从天线再次辐射所致,当给阵列单元与馈电网络之间接入一组延时线后,辐射能量只经过这组...     

Design of Tapered Novel AMC Chessboard Reflector for Broadband RCS Reduction

An artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) chessboard reflector is designed which shows low backscattered radar cross sections (RCS) in a broad frequency band in this paper. Designed by the phase cancellation principle, a conventional chessboard low RCS metasurface can be formed by polarization-dependent mushroom-shaped AMCs. Two new features are added to this design based on the conventional chessboard metasurface. Firstly, the long edge of the metallic patch on the AMC element is concave to obtain a broader bandwidth. Then, the width of the patch in each AMC block is tapered in one direction to further extend the operating bandwidth for RCS reduction. The backscattered RCS of the tapered AMC reflector is numerically investigated and compared with a non-tapered one. It is found that by introducing the above features, an RCS reduction greater than 10.dB can be obtained by the reflectors with relative bandwidth of 46% in the X-band.     

利用开槽和短路探针加载减缩微带天线RCS

提出利用开槽和加载短路探针等微带天线小型化技术,降低天线谐振频率,减小天线尺寸,抑制天线结构项散射从而实现天线雷达散射截面(RCS)减缩．在微带天线上应用此方法所得的仿真结果表明,使用该方法后天线工作频带内的RCS可降低4dB左右,而天线的增益下降不到0.4dB,从而保证天线的辐射性能的同时,明显地减小了工作频带内天线的雷达散射截面．     

High-Gain and Low-RCS Patch Antenna Array Based on Slot-EBG Structure

A novel low radar cross-section (RCS) and high gain patch antenna array is proposed. A pair of slots introduced on the mushroom electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) patch realize polarization-dependency and act as parasitic radiation to enhance the antenna gain. A chessboard-like configuration composed of slot-EBG blocks is further equipped on the antenna array for scattering cancellation. Optimizing the layout pattern enables the designing of a high-gain and low-RCS antenna array using the slot-EBGs. Full-wave simulations validate that a front gain enhancement of more than 2.5.dB in the operating frequency band and low-RCS in a broad frequency band for normal incidence are obtained by the proposed antenna array.     

Application of metamaterial absorber for RCS reduction of slot antenna

An ultra-thin metamaterial absorber with polarization stability, a wide incident angle and no surface ullage layer is proposed and applied to the waveguide slot antenna to reduce its in-band Radar Cross Section(RCS). Theoretical analysis, and simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the absorber can exhibit an absorption of 99％ with thickness of only 0.0057λ, that when applied to the waveguide slot antenna in an optimized distribution, it can reduce the in-band RCS of the antenna for more than 3dB from -21° to +21°, that the largest reduction value exceeds 13dB in the normal direction, and that it can increase the gain by 0.99dB.     

Radiation Characteristics of the Reflector Antenna with Random Perforated Holes

The radiation characteristics of a doubly curved shaped reflector antenna with random holes is analyzed by physical optics (PO) method, and the probability model of the random holes and its numerical realization method are presented. The radiation patterns show that in the azimuth plane the peak sidelobe level becomes much higher as the reflector surface with random holes. The simulation results can provide a theoretical guidance for the radar attackers.