极压石墨烯润滑油添加剂的制备与应用

石墨烯是一种具有优异自润滑、力学和热学等特性的新型材料,虽然在润滑油领域具有很好的应用前景,但因其在润滑油中的分散性较差、容易团聚而限制了它的广泛应用。通过在石墨烯表面接枝长链烷烃得到了亲油型改性石墨烯(MGM),且改进了润滑油添加剂(LOA)的配方以加强润滑油和石墨烯的相互作用、促进石墨烯的稳定分散并协同石墨烯发挥润滑作用,最终得到了具有极佳助润滑性能和稳定分散性的石墨烯润滑油添加剂(MGLOA)。结果表明,MGM和LOA在其它市售润滑油中的最佳添加量分别为0.004%(质量)和5%(质量),此时润滑油的极压润滑性能能够提高11倍以上,且在应用过程中展现出了很好的降温、降噪和减振作用。     

石墨烯润滑油稳定性及抗磨性能研究

本文为了提高润滑油的抗磨性能,添加石墨烯作为润滑油添加剂并提高石墨烯润滑油稳定性,考察了分散剂种类、用量对石墨烯润滑油的稳定性和粘度的影响,并通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)和x射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对石墨烯表面性质进行了分析,采用润滑磨损试验机研究了石墨烯作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能。结果表明:高分子量丁二酰亚胺分散剂对石墨烯润滑油稳定性最好,且在最佳用量2%下对粘度影响较小;石墨烯尺寸在100～200nm且纯度高、含氧量极少;石墨烯润滑油表现出良好的抗磨性能,平均磨斑面积减少14.21%。     

植酸改性石墨烯的制备及其在防腐涂层中的应用

石墨烯作为一种新型的二维片层材料在防腐涂料中具有很好的应用前景,然而石墨烯分散性差易团聚,且一般只具有物理防腐功能。针对这些问题,本文以一种成本较低的生物基原料——植酸(PA)对石墨烯进行共价改性,利用其结构中的磷酸基团与氧化石墨烯表面的羟基反应共价接枝到石墨烯表面,制备得到了一种分散性良好的植酸改性石墨烯(PA-rGO),植酸对石墨烯改性不仅可提高石墨烯在树脂中的分散性,还可以与金属基材螯合起到化学防腐的效果。将PA-rGO添加到水性环氧树脂中制备了一种具备"物理+化学"双重防腐效果的水性防腐涂料。通过红外光谱以及X射线光电子能谱对PA-rGO的结构进行了表征,通过电化学阻抗及极化曲线研究了不同PA改性程度的石墨烯对涂层防腐性能的影响。结果表明:当PA体积浓度为1.6%时,PA-rGO在涂层中的分散性最好,且所得涂层(PA-rGO/WEP)具有最佳的防腐效果,25 d后其阻抗模值能够达到106Ω·cm²,比纯环氧涂层(WEP)以及添加还原氧化石墨烯的环氧涂层(rGO/WEP)高1～2个数量级,自腐蚀电流(Icorr)最小,数值为9.85×10-9A/cm     

纳米粒子添加剂在润滑剂中的应用与开发

具有特殊的物理、化学性质的纳米粒子在摩擦学领域引起人们极大的兴趣,研究表明,纳米粒子添加剂具有优良的抗磨减摩性能。但目前含纳米粒子润滑剂的商业产品寥寥无几,这主要是由于纳米粒子在润滑剂中的分散性和稳定性问题还没得到很好解决,本文详细综述了纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散性及稳定性的研究现状,纳米粒子作为油品添加剂的应用与开发等问题。     

纳米材料在摩擦学中的应用

纳米润滑油添加剂具有良好的抗磨减摩效果,综述了纳米添加剂的分类及其作用机理,并以纳米石墨烯为例,重点介绍了石墨烯作为润滑油添加剂的相关研究,并对今后纳米材料应用于润滑油领域的研究做了展望。     

石墨烯的功能化修饰及作为润滑添加剂的应用研究进展

石墨烯优异的导热性能和减摩抗磨性能以及化学惰性,使其非常适合作为高性能、环保的润滑添加剂。石墨烯已成为潜在的高性能纳米润滑材料,但石墨烯难以稳定分散于水和润滑油中的特性,使其应用受限,因此必须对石墨烯进行可控功能化修饰。本文回顾了石墨烯功能化修饰的最新研究进展,主要包括共价键和非共价键功能化修饰。重点介绍了石墨烯作为油基润滑添加剂和水基润滑添加剂的减摩抗磨性能,及其润滑作用机理。同时指出了石墨烯的可控功能化修饰、石墨烯负载纳米粒子功能化以及其摩擦化学反应润滑机理等领域的研究值得关注。     

聚碳复材实现石墨烯润滑油添加剂产业化应用

<正>现代发展离不开新能源新材料新技术的开发,石墨烯的产业化应用更加印证了这一点。2016年,珠海聚碳复材研发出首款真正意义上的石墨烯润滑油添加剂——施摩奇SMK300石墨烯润滑油添加剂产品,取得显著效果后迅速展开了大规模推广,成为国内甚至世界少有的将石墨烯在车用润滑油行业成功实现产业化的企业。添加了石墨烯的润滑油添加剂最大的优势在于,在降低生产成本的同时,还能大大提升发动机动力,节能减耗,增强汽车使用寿命和续航能力。传统的润     

氧化石墨烯的制备及其在生物医学领域的应用

氧化石墨烯(Graphene Oxide,GO)是石墨烯的一种衍生物,拥有典型的准二维空间结构,氧化石墨烯由于含有羧基、羟基和羰基等亲水性官能团,使其具有很好的亲水性和分散性,且其比表面积大,吸附能力强,对其进行修饰改性,可广泛应用于生物医学领域。本文主要介绍了氧化石墨烯的制备方法及其在生物医学领域的应用。     

可溶性石墨烯的制备及其润滑性能研究

以天然鳞片石墨为原料,采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯,通过控制还原剂水合肼的用量制备了水溶性石墨烯,利用高分辨扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析其微观形貌和组织结构,并研究了可溶性石墨烯作为润滑油添加剂的润滑性能,实验发现当可溶性石墨烯的质量分数为0.15%时润滑油的润滑性能最佳。     

还原氧化石墨烯对PP结晶和力学性能的影响

采用硼氢化钠对氧化石墨烯(GO)进行还原制备了还原氧化石墨烯(GE),通过熔融共混法制备了还原氧化石墨烯/聚丙烯(GE/PP)复合材料。研究了不同的GE用量对GE/PP复合材料的结晶性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着GE含量增加,GE在PP中的分散性得到改善;GE质量分数增加到2.0%时,复合材料的结晶温度提高了4.4℃,结晶能力提高,拉伸强度提高了12.9 MPa。     

油酸改性石墨烯/二硫化钼复合材料润滑添加剂的制备及摩擦学特性

为研究石墨烯基二硫化钼复合材料润滑添加剂对10^#白油（10^# White Oil,10^# WO）的摩擦磨损性能影响。采用水热反应法,以油酸为改性剂,以硫化钠为硫源,制备出油酸改性还原氧化石墨烯/二硫化钼（OA-RGO-MoS₂,ORM）及还原氧化石墨烯/二硫化钼（RGO-MoS₂,RM）复合材料,利用四球长时摩擦磨损试验机考察ORM和RM对10^# WO润滑性能的影响,借助多种现代表征手段分别对两种复合材料和磨痕进行表征分析。研究结果表明：ORM较RM具有更大的层间距、更高的石墨化程度、更好的热稳定性以及更加优异的分散稳定性。两种复合材料均在质量分数为0.2%时体现出最优异的润滑性能,其中,ORM由于经过油酸改性,产生的空间位阻效应使其润滑性能更加突出,最优条件下平均摩擦系数下降了42.2%。摩擦机理分析表明：RM与ORM均可在摩擦过程中通过吸附作用或摩擦化学反应在摩擦表面形成含有铁、氧、钼、碳和硫元素的润滑保护膜,从而起到减摩抗磨的作用。     

回转窑等转筒设备开式齿轮的润滑

从润滑状态的现状、分类、利弊分析入手,结合润滑方式阐述了选用专用磨合润滑剂、操作润滑剂的方法和要点,介绍了各种润滑剂的特点、使用效果和润滑剂的选择区分甄别方法。得出结论:保证良好的润滑必须选择先进的润滑方案和合理选择润滑剂;运用A-B-C润滑和D修复润滑的现代润滑方式,能够最大限度地满足不同润滑要求,最大限度的保护齿轮。     

The lubrication mechanism of calcium stearate/paraffin wax systems in PVC compounds

The lubrication mechanism in PVC was studied using calcium stearate and paraffin wax lubricants. Based on the results of the differential thermal analyses, percent haze, microscopy, metal release, Brabender fusion, and extrusion studies we have developed a new theory of PVC lubrication based on molecular structure. Lubricants containing polar groups, which preferentially wet the metal surface in the presence of PVC, such as calcium stearate, are excellent metal lubricants. Non-polar lubricants which do not wet the metal surface, such as paraffin wax, allow PVC to stick to the metal surface. However, these lubricants work in combination with the metal wetting lubricants to make the lubricant layer more fluid, providing a better lubricating system than either lubricant alone. Lubrication between PVC primary particle flow units is similar to that at the metal surface with the polar PVC surface acting in a similar manner as the metal surface. We find the common classification of lubricants as internal or external to be deficient in explaining performance.     

几种润滑剂性能比较及其对ABS熔融加工的影响

对ABS常用的四种润滑剂进行了研究,对其红外光谱、转矩流变性能、熔点和耐热性能进行了对比分析。结果表明:EBS和YY-502A的极性较强,对ABS具有良好的内润滑性能,可用于ABS改性塑料和色母粒的分散和润滑;YY-502A具有双熔点特点,比单一熔点EBS具有更好的颜料分散和预处理功能,克服了低熔点润滑剂在加工初期出现润滑过度的问题;YY-502A的耐热性能优于EBS和YY-5502,是一种稳定性好、综合性能优异的ABS加工改性润滑剂。     

Frictional dependence of graphene and carbon nanotube in diamond-like carbon/ionic liquids hybrid films in vacuum

The use of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) additives as lubricants has received considerable interest because of their excellent mechanical and frictional properties. Given their structural differences, both carbon nano-additives are expected to have different synergistic effects at various conditions (from boundary to mixed lubrication). For applications in space, the tribological properties of graphene and MWCNTs additives in diamond-like carbon/ionic liquids hybrid films in different lubricating states at high vacuum were compared. The wear surfaces, transfer films, wear debris, and microstructures of the hybrid films were analyzed via Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that MWCNTs and graphene present the different nano-scale tribological mechanisms and produce different lubricating effect on the hybrid films at different lubricating states.     

Tribological properties of monolayer graphene oxide sheets as water-based lubricant additives

Application and tribological properties of graphene oxide (GO) monolayer sheets as additives in water-based lubricants were investigated. The lubricating fluids were applied to a sintered tungsten carbide ball and stainless steel flat plate. It was found that adding GO particles into water improved lubrication and provided a very low friction coefficient of approximately 0.05 with no obvious surface wear after 60,000 cycles of friction testing. GO adsorption occurred on the lubricated surfaces of both the ball and flat plate, suggesting GO sheets may behave as protective coatings.     

高分散稳定纳米金刚石润滑油的制备及其摩擦学性能

为了改善纳米金刚石颗粒(NDPs)在抗磨液压油(AHO)中的分散性,制备了酸氧化?高温热处理的NDPs (T-NDPs),将其与添加剂(油胺、聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺T154和高碱值合成磺酸钙T106)混合后加入AHO中,制得含T-NDPs的AHO。用FESEM及Zeta电位仪、FT-IR和静态沉降法对其分散性进行表征,用四球摩擦磨损试验机、3D激光扫描显微镜和SEM/EDS对含T-NDPs的AHO的摩擦学性能和磨痕区域进行了分析。结果表明,酸氧化?高温热处理后,NDPs的平均粒径从270.2 nm降至153.5 nm,吸附添加剂后的T-NDPs的平均粒径为101.5 nm,添加剂可提高T-NDPs的油溶性并抑制其团聚,因而含T-NDPs的AHO具有良好的分散稳定性;T-NDPs含量为0.04wt%时,AHO的摩擦系数和磨斑直径比不加T-NDPs时分别降低13.2%和17.8%;T-NDPs作为润滑添加剂的减摩抗磨功效归因于其在摩擦界面起到支撑和滚动轴承的作用及在摩擦副表面参与润滑膜形成。     

Evaluation and application of poly(ethylene glycol) as lubricant in water‐based drilling fluid for horizontal well in Sulige Gas Field

With the increasing amount of drilling of directional wells and large‐displacement wells, high torque and high resistance have become critical problems. Therefore, high‐performance and environment‐friendly lubricants for water‐based drilling fluid are urgently needed. In this paper, poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 (PEG) was used as a lubricant, and the lubricity, inhibition, compatibility and temperature resistance of the PEG lubricant were investigated. The results show that 0.1% (mass ratio) PEG in water‐based drilling fluid can reduce the friction coefficient of mud cake by 44.5%. This PEG also has certain inhibition and temperature resistance. As PEG is used with other drilling fluid additives, the compatibility was good and the lubricity of drilling fluid can be improved effectively. The lubricating mechanism of PEG was explored and the results showed that the hydrophobic alkane chains in the PEG molecules were adsorbed on the surface of bentonite, forming a hydrophobic film on the friction surface, thereby forming a lubricating layer. Field application in Sulige Gas Field showed that the PEG lubricant has good lubricity and can meet the technical requirements of corresponding horizontal wells. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry     

Liquid Crystals in Tribology

Two decades ago, the literature dealing with the possible applications of low molar mass liquid crystals, also called monomer liquid crystals (MLCs), only included about 50 references. Today, thousands of papers, conference reports, books or book chapters and patents refer to the study and applications of MLCs as lubricants and lubricant additives and efforts are made to develop new commercial applications. The development of more efficient lubricants is of paramount technological and economic relevance as it is estimated that half the energy consumption is dissipated as friction. MLCs have shown their ability to form ordered boundary layers with good load-carrying capacity and to lower the friction coefficients, wear rates and contact temperature of sliding surfaces, thus contributing to increase the components service life and to save energy. This review includes the use of MLCs in lubrication, and dispersions of MLCs in conventional polymers (PDMLCs). Finally, new lubricating system composed of MLC blends with surfactants, ionic liquids or nanophases are considered.