Fe2+/H2O2体系O2生成路径

掌握Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系O₂的生成路径,可为避免H₂O₂无效分解,开发经济高效的Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系利用技术指明方向。采用添加自由基捕获剂的方法,探究Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系内各种自由基对O₂生成速率的影响,进而确定O₂的生成路径。结果表明:Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系内不会产生大量O₂^-·,O₂^-·不是生成O₂的主要反应物质;O₂^-·被全部捕获后,体系中仍产生大量O₂^-·,但此时无O₂生成,证明生成O₂的反应由·OH和HO₂·两种自由基直接参与。分析认为反应·OH+HO₂·-H₂O+O₂是体系内O₂生成的主要路径。控制Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系定向生成·OH,抑制HO₂·的产生,是提高Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系中H₂O₂利用率的有效手段。     

抗坏血酸对Fe2+/H2O2体系氧化NO的促进作用

采用实验方法研究了低成本环境友好型添加剂抗坏血酸(AA)对Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系氧化NO气体及其对体系内H₂O₂分解的影响,分析了AA对体系氧化NO能力及H₂O₂分解的影响机制。研究结果表明:AA通过加速Fe³⁺向Fe²⁺的转化而促进Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系对NO的氧化。[AA]₀:[Fe²⁺]₀对体系氧化NO的能力及H₂O₂的分解具有重要影响。综合考虑NO氧化脱除量及H₂O₂消耗量,合理的[AA]₀:[Fe²⁺]₀为1/3~1/2。AA的分次添加方式可大幅度提升体系氧化NO气体的能力。研究结果可望为发展基于H₂O₂为氧化剂的烟气NO绿色氧化技术提供理论基础。     

Fe2+/H2O2体系内各种自由基在氧化NO中的作用

Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系可分解产生多种氧化性自由基, 主要包括O₂^-·、·OH和HO₂·。本文实验研究了O₂^-·、·OH及HO₂·在Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系氧化NO气体过程中的作用。结果表明:在本实验条件下, O₂^-·对NO气体的氧化作用不明显;·OH及HO₂·是该体系氧化NO气体的主要活性物质, 其中·OH的氧化作用更大。加快自由基的生成速率可以增强Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系对NO气体的氧化能力, 但O₂的生成速率同时加快。只有少量·OH及HO₂·参与NO的氧化, ·OH与HO₂·之间的快速反应是Fe²⁺/H₂O₂体系氧化NO过程中H₂O₂利用率低的主要原因。     

Fe(II)/H2O2体系氧化NO主要活性物质及自由基无效消耗路径

H₂O₂利用率低是Fe （Ⅱ）/H₂O₂氧化体系应用的瓶颈,自由基无效消耗是H₂O₂利用率低的主要原因之一。本文以烟气中NO氧化为技术背景,实验研究了Fe （Ⅱ）/H₂O₂体系内H₂O₂及各种自由基在氧化NO中的作用及自由基无效消耗路径。结果表明：H₂O₂直接氧化NO能力很弱;虽然·OH及HO₂·均可以氧化NO,但·OH的氧化作用大于HO₂·。氧化NO同时,绝大多数·OH及HO₂·通过两者的快速复合反应而无效消耗,严重影响了H₂O₂利用率。因此,使用Fe （Ⅱ）/H₂O₂体系降解污染物过程中,应尽量避免·OH及HO₂·两种自由基同时大量存在。     

Fe2+协同H2O2/O3氧化降解水中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯

采用Fe2+协同H2O2/O3氧化处理水中的邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP),研究表明Fe2+的存在消除了H2O2对O3的抑制作用,并使H2O2/O3对DMP的去除率大幅提高了31.75％.DMP质量浓度为50 mg/L、初始pH为10、H2O2投加量为0.049 mol/L、O3投加量为1.82 g/h、Fe2+投加量为0...     

US/Fe~(3+)/H_2O_2体系超声催化降解甲基橙的研究

采用US/Fe3+/H2O2体系超声催化降解甲基橙,考察了超声波功率、Fe3+初始质量浓度、H2O2用量、甲基橙溶液的初始质量浓度及初始pH值对超声催化降解甲基橙的影响,初步探讨了其降解动力学规律。结果表明,US/Fe3+/H2O2体系能有效降解甲基橙,且超声波与Fenton试剂对甲基橙废水的降解存在强烈的协同作用;在pH=3、超声波功率500 W、Fe3+和H2O2的初始质量浓度分别为30 mg/L和150 mg/L时,对含30 mg/L的甲基橙溶液降解120 min,其去除率达到99.5%;甲基橙的超声催化降解符合一级反应动力学规律,且甲基橙的一级反应速率常数随其初始质量浓度增大而降低。     

UV/Fe3+/H2O2催化-混凝联合工艺处理络合铜镍废水

采用UV/Fe3+/H2O2催化-混凝联合工艺对难处理络合铜镍电镀废水进行了研究,考察了Fe3+和H2O2初始浓度、初始pH值、温度、反应时间及混凝液pH、混凝剂质量浓度对处理过程的影响,探讨了废水的降解途径和机理.结果表明在体系初始pH=3,温度50℃,H2O2和Fe3+初始浓度分别为1.5×10-4mo1/L、2.5×10-5mo1/L,反应时间60min,混凝液pH=8及混凝剂质量浓度为500mg/L的条件下,废水的COD去除率为96.98%,Cu2+为99.91%,Ni2+为99.92%,处理水达到国家一级排放要求.同时依据GC/MS对X-GN降解最终产物的分析结果,推导出废水的基本降解机理和途径.     

Ca2+/H2O2降解水中孔雀石绿

在中性条件下,研究了Ca2++H2O2降解水中孔雀石绿(MG)过程. 结果表明,加入Ca2+明显促进了MG降解,可使其脱色率由20%升至98%. 随着H2O2加入量的增加,MG的脱色率在最初的10 min内显著上升,当H2O2/Ca2+(摩尔比)>5时,2 h后Ca2++H2O2降解MG脱色率均能达到98%. 随着温度的升高,MG的脱色率显著上升. 抗氧化剂(抗坏血酸)的加入抑制了Ca2++H2O2降解MG,当抗坏血酸浓度达到1 mg/L时,降解率为0,说明在Ca2++H2O2降解MG体系中存在着氧化作用. 在避光和光助条件下,加入Ca2+均能明显缩短MG的降解时间,说明Ca2+对其降解有催化作用.     

H2O2氧化降解壳聚糖研究

介绍了国内外壳聚糖降解制备低聚壳聚糖的主要方法，并对H2O2氧化降解制备低聚糖进行了正交实验，探讨了该降解过程中各影响因素对降解产物的影响。     

Basic rules of NO oxidation by Fe2+/H2O2/AA directional decomposition system

Basic rules of NO oxidation by a Fe²⁺/H₂O₂/AA directional decomposition system were researched based on the technical background of flue gas NO_x removal. Effects of gas‐liquid interfacial area, main gas, and solution parameters on NO oxidation efficiency (η) were analyzed. The results showed that adequate contact area was the precondition for high η by a Fe²⁺/H₂O₂/AA system. η decreased with the increase in NO concentration, which illustrated that this method would be efficient in oxidizing NO at a low concentration. η tended to decrease linearly with the growth in gas flow, however, the NO oxidation rate (v) rose with the increase in NO concentration and gas flow. η increased with the initial concentrations of H₂O₂ and Fe²⁺, but the amplitude decreased. Controlling the initial concentrations of H₂O₂ and Fe²⁺ to achieve reasonable synergies between generation rate and consumption rate of ·OH could weaken the invalid consumption of reactants. η increased with the increase in temperature in the range 30–60 °C, but it nearly did not change with temperature after 60 °C. This oxidation technology and the traditional wet flue gas desulphurization technology exhibited temperature synergy. Under typical pH of wet desulphurization, η and H₂O₂ consumption rate did not change obviously.     

Surface Modification of Acrylonitrile Copolymer Membranes by Grafting Acrylamide. II. Initiation by Fe2+/H2O2

Surface modification of membranes of an acrylonitrile copolymer (PAN) containing 5.5% methyl methacrylate and 4.0% sodium methylpropylenesulfonate by grafting acrylamide (AAm) with ferrous ammonium sulfate/H₂O₂ as an initiator in aqueous medium was studied. The grafted copolymer was verified by infrared spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the SEM photos, we know that the AAm homopolymer branches were grafted onto the surface of the membrane and the morphology of the PAN membrane did not change. The results showed that the extent of grafting was varied with some parameters, such as the pH value of the medium, reaction time and temperature, and concentration of AAm and H₂O₂. The results of the water-absorption percent of the membrane showed that the wettability of the modified PAN membrane was improved. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1907–1915, 1998     

Surface modification of acrylonitrile copolymer membranes by grafting acrylamide. III. Kinetics and reaction mechanism initiating by Fe2+/H2O2

The kinetics and mechanism of grafting of acrylamide onto acrylonitrile copolymer membranes with Fe²⁺/H₂O₂ as the initiator in an aqueous medium were studied. The experimental results were found to be in good agreement with the proposed kinetic scheme. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 1917–1921, 1998     

Fe~(2+)/UV/O_3处理硝基苯废水实验研究

对采用Fe2+/UV/O3催化氧化反应处理硝基苯废水的主要影响因素及其处理效果进行了实验研究。正交实验结果显示,最佳反应条件为:Fe2+的浓度75mg/L,气相O3浓度25mg/L,pH值为3,反应时间3h,硝基苯去除率达80%以上。同时与O3、UV/O3方法进行了比较实验,结果表明,Fe2+/UV/O3处理方法较佳。     

UV/Fe/H2O2体系光解对硝基苯胺废水的实验研究

在自制的光催化反应器中,采用UV/Fe/H2O2体系光解对硝基苯胺(PNA)模拟废水,考察了Fe粉和H2O2投加量、PNA浓度、废水溶液初始pH值等因素对光解过程的影响。实验结果表明,常温条件下,用32 W低压汞灯(λ=254 nm)照射,UV/Fe/H2O2体系降解PNA效果明显,当pH=3.0、Fe投加量为25 mg/L、H2O2投加量为3 mL/L时,100 mg/L模拟对硝基苯胺废水在12 min后PNA降解率达90%以上,溶液CODCr去除率超过50%。