WSNs中基于秘密共享的身份认证协议

身份认证是无线传感器网络安全的第一道屏障。针对现有无线传感器网络中的身份认证协议的效率和安全问题,基于Shamir门限秘密共享方案提出一种低功耗的身份认证协议。在不降低网络安全性的前提下,通过多个已认证节点对新节点进行身份认证,能够有效的降低认证过程中的计算量。认证过程中使用单向散列函数对通信数据进行加密并且运用时间戳机制抵御重放攻击。分析结果表明协议具有低功耗的特点,并且能够抵御窃听攻击、重放攻击以及少数节点被俘虏的攻击。     

基于生物特征的身份认证和密钥协商协议

生物特征是相互独立且与人体直接相关的重要因素,因此具有不可抵赖的天然特性和便利性。随着网络的高速发展,身份安全认证的需求也在不断增加。为实现人员身份认证的真实性和可靠性提供更好的安全策略,将生物特征信息、抗碰撞哈希函数和智能卡等技术相结合,提出了一种基于生物特征的身份认证和密钥协商协议。采取用户模拟攻击、特权内部攻击和服务器欺骗攻击等方式,对该协议的正确性和安全方面进行剖析。通过分析验证,该协议具备高效的安全性与保密性。     

WSNs中基于三因素节点评估的安全认证方案

为了减少传感器节点的资源利用并提高网络的安全性,提出了一种基于信任度的认证方案。该方案在计算节点信任度时引入时间片、安全行动系数和交互频度来计算节点信任度,这样使得自私节点很难伪装成正常节点,信任度与当前节点行为紧密相关,并防止节点通过很少的交易次数来达到较高的信任度,再利用信任度来判断一个节点是否可信,有效地提高了应用的安全性,对恶意节点的攻击起到一定的阻碍作用。然后设计了身份标识、密码、智能卡相结合的认证方案,并且用户在与传感器节点认证之前,网关查询网络中节点的信任度,从而找到可信的节点与用户进行认证,实现可信的传感器节点、网关节点和用户三者之间的交互认证,并且用户能方便地更改密码。安全性分析、性能分析及仿真实验的结果表明,与已提出的认证方案相比,该方案能够抵制重放攻击、内部攻击、伪装攻击等,同时计算花费少,适合于对安全性和性能有要求的无线传感器网络。本文网络版地址：http：//www.eepw.com.cn/article/276364.htm     

基于智能卡和密码保护的WSN远程用户安全认证方案

针对无线传感器网络（WSN）用户远程安全认证问题,分析现有方案的不足,提出一种新颖的基于智能卡的WSN远程用户认证方案。通过用户、网关节点和传感器节点之间的相互认证来验证用户和节点的合法性,并结合动态身份标识来抵抗假冒攻击、智能卡被盗攻击、服务拒绝攻击、字典攻击和重放攻击。同时对用户信息进行匿名保护,且用户能够任意修改密码。性能比较结果表明,该方案具有较高的安全性能,且具有较小的计算开销。     

一类密钥同步更新的组合校验认证方法

针对一对多通报关系实体认证与密钥协商应用环境的无线目标身份识别同步认证问题,该文设计了双密钥组合校验定理,提出并证明了交互式动态认证与工作密钥同步更新定理,基于可信标识动态密钥匹配规则构建了密钥同步更新的组合校验认证模型,提出了一类密钥同步更新的组合校验认证方法,给出了双密钥组合校验、消息适度重传、模拟信道信噪比合理仿真等无线目标身份识别协议设计准则,突破了无线目标身份识别协议同步认证难的关键技术,解决了实体认证与密钥协商中实体身份动态认证、工作密钥同步更新难题。以一类无线目标身份识别协议为例,分析说明了该类方法的具体应用。基于串空间理论构造攻击方法给出了该协议的形式化证明,并通过常规攻击方法分析了该协议的实际安全性。与其他交互式密码协议同步认证设计方法相比较,该方法具有动态可认证性,由该方法设计的交互式密码协议同步认证方案,安全性高,计算量小,仅进行一次迭代运算,可应用于大规模复杂环境中的无线目标身份识别。     

无线传感网络中基于非抗窜扰智能卡的双因素认证协议

智能卡是最为常见的密码设备之一,因其抗窜扰特性,智能卡常常被用于电子商务、医疗健康以及物联网等高安全需求的领域中为安全提供服务。随着侧信道攻击、逆向工程等技术的发展,研究表明智能卡内保存的参数可恢复,使其不再具有抗窜扰特性,因而,基于非抗窜扰智能卡假设的多因素认证协议设计得到了广泛的关注。为此,研究了在无线传感网络中典型的多因素协议,指出其不能抵抗离线口令猜测攻击和中间人攻击、无法实现双向认证,以及不能抵抗离线口令猜测攻击、无法实现用户匿名性等问题。为克服这些缺陷,在非抗窜扰智能卡假设下,结合哈希链技术提出了一类面向无线传感器网络的双因素认证协议,并在随机预言机模型中给出了严格的安全证明。与现有无线传感网络环境下多因素认证协议相比,该协议在保持较低计算开销的同时,实现了更高的安全性,适于资源受限的无线传感器网络环境。     

无线传感器网络密钥管理

无线传感器网络密钥管理极具挑战性,不仅因为传感器节点拥有的资源有限,不宜采用非对称密码技术,同时也因为传感器节点暴露在恶劣甚至敌对环境中,易于被敌手俘获。虽然目前提出许多密钥分配协议,但没有一个协议能在扩展性、共享密钥概率、存储代价和抵御节点俘获攻击等方面同时具有良好性能。密钥管理协议采用的技术必须与具体网络需求和传感器节点拥有的资源一致。分析和评估了典型的密钥管理方案和协议,并指出了该方向存在的开放问题及今后的发展趋势。     

基于HNN的密钥共享机制研究

安全与认证问题一直是无线传感器网络所面临的棘手难题之一,尤其是在有敌意的环境中。针对无线传感器网络通信内容易被窃听和篡改的问题,提出了一种基于Hopfield神经网络(HNN)的密钥共享协议。该协议通过利用HNN的收敛特性,在任意两个节点之间建立安全通信所需的共享密钥,同时将密钥量化为i位字符串以防止暴力破解攻击。最后实例化验证了此方案的有效性。     

一种新的三方认证密钥协商协议

目前大部分基于身份的三方认证密钥协商协议都存在安全缺陷,文中在Xu等人提出的加密方案的基础上,设计了一种基于身份的三方认证密钥协商协议.该协议的安全性建立在BDDH假设基础上,经安全性分析,协议具有已知密钥安全,PKG前向安全,并能抵抗未知密钥共享攻击和密钥泄露伪装攻击,因此该协议是一个安全的三方密钥协商协议.     

改进的IMS认证与密钥分配方法

本文分析了IMS认证与密钥分配协议的过程,找出了认证协议中的安全缺陷,并给出了攻击者可能进行的攻击.针对协议的安全漏洞,提出一种改进的认证与密钥分配方案,防止了伪装用户的攻击,保证了网络端信息传输的安全性.     

Two-factor authenticated key agreement protocol based on biometric feature and password

A new two-factor authenticated key agreement protocol based on biometric feature and password was proposed.The protocol took advantages of the user’s biological information and password to achieve the secure communication without bringing the smart card.The biometric feature was not stored in the server by using the fuzzy extractor technique,so the sensitive information of the user cannot be leaked when the server was corrupted.The authentication messages of the user were protected by the server’s public key,so the protocol can resist the off-line dictionary attack which often appears in the authentication protocols based on password.The security of the proposed protocol was given in the random oracle model provided the elliptic computational Diffie-Hellman assumption holds.The performance analysis shows the proposed protocol has better security.     

A lightweight anonymous two‐factor authentication protocol for wireless sensor networks in Internet of Vehicles

Internet of Vehicles (IoV), as the next generation of transportation systems, tries to make highway and public transportation more secure than used to be. In this system, users use public channels for their communication so they can be the victims of passive or active attacks. Therefore, a secure authentication protocol is essential for IoV; consequently, many protocols are presented to provide secure authentication for IoV. In 2018, Yu et al proposed a secure authentication protocol for WSNs in vehicular communications and claimed that their protocol could satisfy all crucial security features of a secure authentication protocol. Unfortunately, we found that their protocol is susceptible to sensor capture attack, user traceability attack, user impersonation attack, and offline sink node's secret key guessing attack. In this paper, we propose a new authentication protocol for IoV which can solve the weaknesses of Yu et al's protocol. Our protocol not only provides anonymous user registration phase and revocation smart card phase but also uses the biometric template in place of the password. We use both Burrow‐Abadi‐Needham (BAN) logic and real‐or‐random (ROR) model to present the formal analysis of our protocol. Finally, we compare our protocol with other existing related protocols in terms of security features and computation overhead. The results prove that our protocol can provide more security features and it is usable for IoV system.     

Secure multi‐factor remote user authentication scheme for Internet of Things environments

Because of the exponential growth of Internet of Things (IoT), several services are being developed. These services can be accessed through smart gadgets by the user at any place, every time and anywhere. This makes security and privacy central to IoT environments. In this paper, we propose a lightweight, robust, and multi‐factor remote user authentication and key agreement scheme for IoT environments. Using this protocol, any authorized user can access and gather real‐time sensor data from the IoT nodes. Before gaining access to any IoT node, the user must first get authenticated by the gateway node as well as the IoT node. The proposed protocol is based on XOR and hash operations, and includes: (i) a 3‐factor authentication (ie, password, biometrics, and smart device); (ii) mutual authentication ; (iii) shared session key ; and (iv) key freshness . It satisfies desirable security attributes and maintains acceptable efficiency in terms of the computational overheads for resource constrained IoT environment. Further, the informal and formal security analysis using AVISPA proves security strength of the protocol and its robustness against all possible security threats. Simulation results also prove that the scheme is secure against attacks.     

A new three-factor authentication and key agreement protocol for multi-server environment

Several password and smart-card based two-factor security remote user authentication protocols for multi-server environment have been proposed for the last two decades. Due to tamper-resistant nature of smart cards, the security parameters are stored in it and it is also a secure place to perform authentication process. However, if the smart card is lost or stolen, it is possible to extract the information stored in smart card using power analysis attack. Hence, the two factor security protocols are at risk to various attacks such as password guessing attack, impersonation attack, replay attack and so on. Therefore, to enhance the level of security, researchers have focused on three-factor (Password, Smart Card, and Biometric) security authentication scheme for multi-server environment. In existing biometric based authentication protocols, keys are generated using fuzzy extractor in which keys cannot be renewed. This property of fuzzy extractor is undesirable for revocation of smart card and re-registration process when the smart card is lost or stolen. In addition, existing biometric based schemes involve public key cryptosystem for authentication process which leads to increased computation cost and communication cost. In this paper, we propose a new multi-server authentication protocol using smart card, hash function and fuzzy embedder based biometric. We use Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic to prove the correctness of the new scheme. The security features and efficiency of the proposed scheme is compared with recent schemes and comparison results show that this scheme provides strong security with a significant efficiency.

     

Openstack authentication protocol based on digital certificate

As the industry standard for open source cloud platforms,openstack uses the single-factor authentication method based on username and password that provides by keystone components to identity authentication mechanism,while it is not suitable for application scenarios with high security level requirements.A digital certificate-based identity authentication protocol which had cloud user identification protocol and authentication protocol was designed to meet the requirements.With expending the keystone component to achieve a digital certificate-based identity authentication system,a combination of authentication server,UKey technology,encryption technology and well-established key management and so on was used.According to the research,the system can effectively resist multiple cyber-attacks and improve the security of cloud users when they log in to the cloud platform.     

Privacy-preserving authenticated key agreement scheme based on biometrics for session initiation protocol

A secure key agreement scheme plays a major role in protecting communications between the users using voice over internet protocol over a public network like the internet. In this paper we present a strong security authenticated key agreement scheme for session initiation protocol (SIP) by using biometrics, passwords and smart cards. The proposed scheme realizes biometric data protection through key agreement process meanwhile achieving the verification of the biometric value on the SIP server side which is very important in designing a practical authenticated key agreement for SIP. The main merits of our proposed scheme are: (1) the SIP server does not need to maintain any password or verification table; (2) the scheme can provide user identity protection—the user’s real identity is protected by a secure symmetric encryption algorithm and the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem, and it is transmitted in code; (3) the scheme can preserve the privacy of the user’s biometric data while the biometric matching algorithm is performed at the SIP server side, even if the server does not know the biometric data in the authentication process. Performance and security analysis shows that our proposed scheme increases efficiency significantly in comparison with other related schemes.     

A secure and effective biometric‐based user authentication scheme for wireless sensor networks using smart card and fuzzy extractor

User authentication is a prominent security requirement in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for accessing the real‐time data from the sensors directly by a legitimate user (external party). Several user authentication schemes are proposed in the literature. However, most of them are either vulnerable to different known attacks or they are inefficient. Recently, Althobaiti et al. presented a biometric‐based user authentication scheme for WSNs. Although their scheme is efficient in computation, in this paper, we first show that their scheme has several security pitfalls such as (i) it is not resilient against node capture attack; (ii) it is insecure against impersonation attack; and (iii) it is insecure against man‐in‐the‐middle attack. We then aim to propose a novel biometric‐based user authentication scheme suitable for WSNs in order to withstand the security pitfalls found in Althobaiti et al. scheme. We show through the rigorous security analysis that our scheme is secure and satisfies the desirable security requirements. Furthermore, the simulation results for the formal security verification using the most widely used and accepted Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications tool indicate that our scheme is secure. Our scheme is also efficient compared with existing related schemes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于国家标准的SSL VPN安全网关研究与实现

SSL VPN安全网关为传输层和应用层协议提供安全隧道,利用安全隧道技术,在传输层实现互联网网络信息的安全保护,能够利用公共网络为用户建立虚拟的专用网络,提供比专网更加安全的通信信道。SSL VPN安全网关以国家密码管理局审批的密码卡为基础密码器件,为其提供密钥运算、密钥保护、密钥备份恢复等功能;操作系统采用裁剪的Linux系统,同时,严格遵循国家密码管理政策和相关设计规范,实现了基于传输层的SSL VPN安全网关,为各种应用提供了身份认证和安全传输的需求。在政府、金融、运营商、能源、交通等领域具有广泛的用途,有明显的社会效益和经济效益。文章对此展开了分析。     

基于智能卡的轻量级非平衡型口令认证方案

智能卡与口令相结合的身份认证方式既可保留使用强密钥优势,又具有使用方便的特点,是一种理想的安全双因子认证方式。当前许多公开的口令认证方案,要么需要较强的计算环境而难于采用智能卡快速实现,要么不能抵抗离线口令猜测攻击或服务端内部攻击而存在安全缺陷。提出一种非平衡型口令认证方案,基于智能卡和用户口令双因子设计,具有简便高效、口令安全、双向认证特点,能够抵御离线口令猜测攻击和服务端内部攻击,可用于满足设备开机时的安全认证需求。