Assessment of mechatronic system performance at an early design stage

For conceptual design of electromechanical motion systems, an assessment method is formulated that supports the design of a feasible reference path generator, control system, and electromechanical plant with appropriate sensor locations, in an integrated way. This method is based on a classification of standard transfer functions, plant models, and closed-loop systems. The assessment method can be applied in several ways, depending on the available knowledge about the design problem. In order to illustrate this method, an application to an industrial motion system is described. The assessment method quickly provides insight in the design problem. Furthermore, feasible goals and required design efforts can be estimated at an early stage.     

汽车电动助力转向系统的开发与设计

为了进一步提高汽车电动助力转向系统的快速、精确及稳定性控制,本文利用直流电动机为汽车的转向系统提供辅助动力,并通过电子控制单元等相关硬件电路,进行数字信号采集、脉宽调制输出等,然后根据单片机相关指令对电动机进行实时控制,并最终由机械传动装置实现助力转向.本文阐述了电动助力转向系统的工作原理和结构特点,用ARM7 S3C44B0X单片机为控制电路的核心部件,并实现该控制器的硬件和软件设计,实验结果表明该控制系统是有效的.     

Control design of an automated highway system

Describes the design of an automated highway system (AHS) developed over the past ten years in the California PATH program. The AHS is a large, complex system, in which vehicles are automatically controlled. The design and implementation of the AHS required advances in actuator and sensor technologies, as well as the design, analysis, simulation, and testing of large-scale, hierarchical hybrid control systems. The paper focuses on the multilayer AHS control architecture and some questions of implementation. It discusses in detail the design and safety verification of the on-board vehicle control system and the design of the link-layer traffic-flow controller     

A mechatronic sensing system for vehicle guidance and control

Magnetic sensing is used for control and guidance in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This includes vehicle applications such as lane-keeping in intelligent cruise control as well as driver assistance in highway maintenance functions such as snow removal. This paper presents a new mechatronic magnetic sensing system for ITS. The new system has several advantages both in terms of its hardware design and its underlying reference detection algorithms, providing a significant improvement in performance, maintainability, and upgradability over existing systems. It is a mechatronic system in that it combines mechanical position sensing with electronics implementation of the hardware and the underlying algorithms.     

基于嵌入式LINUX的智能车载终端系统的设计

智能交通管理系统,要求对运行车辆实施信息化和智能化管理。智能车载终端设备是现代交通管理系统的重要组成部分,本文采用了一种基于ARM和LINUX的智能车载终端设备设计方案,以ARM微处理器S3C44B0X为硬件核心,扩展了GPS定位信息模块、GPRS通信模块以及其他外设;同时使用嵌入式LINUX操作系统平台,巧妙运用多线程设计方法,使得各个业务模块高效运行。经过近百余次实验,发现相比现有车载终端,本终端用户体验更好,故障率降低约50%。     

“两客一危”GPS卫星定位系统车载终端设计

道路运输车辆卫星定位系统车载终端,是实现全国重点营运车辆联网联控系统统一的重要组成部分。车载终端的设计充分利用JT/T 794-2011交通运输行业标准进行设计,采用内置的GPS卫星定位模块获得定位信息,以及利用车辆状态信息采集模块获得车辆运行情况信息,通过GPRS传输模块传输数据,同时具有对车辆监听、通话的功能。实验结果表明,道路运输车辆卫星定位系统车载终端功能良好,具有很好的实用性。     

基于FPGA的电动助力转向系统

采用Verilog硬件描述语言自顶向下的设计方法,通过FPGA实现了车辆电动助力转向系统的设计.论述了计数模块、查询模块与电机控制模块的工作原理,通过对车速、转向盘扭矩和转角查表得到对应的助力控制、回正控制和阻尼控制模式与控制值,实现了车辆低速时的转向轻便性和高速时对驾驶员路感的保证.利用Cyclone EP2C8控制板在实验台架上的实验表明,系统能够实现所设计的功能,并具有较高的响应速度.     

基于单片机的电动汽车蓄电池信息采集系统的设计

电池管理系统直接监测管理蓄电池的充放电过程,对电池组的安全高效运行至关重要.该纯电动汽车蓄电池管理系统由前端4个独立数据采集部分和1个中央处理机组成,数据经过预处理后通过处理器P87C591内配置的CAN总线传给中央处理机,系统实现了对采集部分的数据监测、分析处理、存储及故障报警等功能.样机实验表明,系统运行稳定,具有一定的应用参考价值.     

基于红外连续变焦的坦克装甲车辆夜视系统设计

为了提高坦克装甲车的夜间作战能力,针对坦克装甲车辆作战范围,设计了一种红外连续变焦夜视系统,该系统可以进行昼夜连续完全被动的监控,能够在全黑夜晚和恶劣天气条件下使用,使车长在夜晚同样可以完成观察战场、搜索目标、指示目标和实施超越射击的任务.此红外连续变焦系统可实现焦距在50～200 mm范围内的变化调整,实现4倍光学连续变焦,且具有成像质量高、体积小等特点,不仅能够对特定的景物进行光学的放大缩小,并且在切换的过程中不会造成目标的丢失.     

基于CCD的侧向激光雷达系统研制及探测个例

后向散射激光雷达技术已广泛应用于大气气溶胶的探测,但由于有盲区和过渡区,限制了它在近距离段的探测范围和精度。侧向散射激光雷达技术没有后向散射激光雷达技术中的上述缺陷,可实现近距离段气溶胶信号的连续探测,且探测精度较高。开发研制了基于CCD的侧向散射激光雷达系统,它由激光发射、光学接收、几何定标及数据采集等子系统组成。与后向散射激光雷达的对比探测个例表明,该激光雷达系统数据可靠,近距离的有效探测范围为0.02~4 km。这一系统的建立为进一步深入研究近地面层的气溶胶时、空分布奠定了坚实的基础。     

Towards an automated design flow for memristor based VLSI circuits

As today's CMOS technology is gradually scaling down to its physical limits, emerging technologies are under research as alternatives in the future, such as carbon nanotube, magnetic tunneling junction, memristor. Among them, memristor is a promising candidate to implement the futuristic VLSI circuits. It provides a great scalability, near-zero standby power consumption, etc. In order to design memristor based VLSI circuits and explore their potential, it is crucial to develop an automated design flow. However, such a design flow is still missing so far. This paper proposes an automated design flow, Mosys by reusing parts of existing CMOS VLSI circuit design tools. Mosys provides a circuit design flow from a Verilog programming interface to performance estimation models. In addition, it employs a probabilistic power estimation model instead of one based on exhaustive-searching method. In our experiments, it significantly reduces the running time up to over 3000 times with a marginal error (<1%), as compared to the state-of-the-art. To verify the whole Mosys flow, several integer arithmetic functional units (e.g., add, multiply) are described in Verilog and implemented. In addition, Mosys is compared with the state-of-the-art using the EPFL benchmark suite. The results show that Mosys significantly improves the area (6.29x) and delay (4.68x) on average.     

基于Cortex-M3的汽车车窗智能控制系统开发

为了解决不能实现智能控制的车窗在关闭时可能会造成对乘员的伤害,为便于将此系统应用于汽车网络系统,开发了一种车窗智能控制系统,并给出了相应的硬件实现和软件流程。该系统以LM3S2110处理器为核心,通过检测车窗电机电流及运行状况,使车窗的开和关实现智能化,以免车窗玻璃在电动上升过程中对人员的伤害,提高安全性和舒适性。系统运行结果表明,该系统能够实现智能控制。     

编码超表面远场散射波束调控设计

针对编码超表面远场散射波束的调控，在对相互正交方向的序列进行设计的基础上，利用加法规则，可快速得到超表面的编码序列.加法规则的利用，可减少编码个数，降低设计难度，方便实现对超表面远场散射波束的设计.论文采用金属小棒结构作为超表面单元，进行了实例分析.结果表明，提出的编码序列设计方法，可以有效融合两个正交方向编码序列的散射特性，灵活调控超表面上半空间的散射场.研究方案在通信和雷达等领域具有广泛的应用前景.     

基于STM32的智能平衡小车控制系统设计

为了满足现代智能化出行需求,提高自平衡小车控制系统的智能化水平,以STM32F103C8T6单片机作为控制核心,采用陀螺仪、加速度计和霍尔传感器分别测量小车车体的倾斜角度、加速度和速度,利用超声波测距模块检测小车与前方障碍物的距离,使用蓝牙方式连接通讯,通过单片机进行PID(比例积分微分)数据运算和处理,输出PWM(脉...     

Hierarchical control strategies for multi-mode steering system of emergency rescue vehicle

It is difficult for the traditional emergency rescue vehicles (ERVs) to pass through narrow and complicated areas quickly, which leads to the ERVs missing the best time to rescue disasters seriously. How to improve the trafficability and mobility of vehicles effectively in narrow and complex areas has become an urgent technical demand for the ERVs. In this context, this paper proposes a multi-mode steering system to realize four steering modes of the ERVs. A fire rescue prototype vehicle is developed, and its multi-mode steering system is designed in detail. The hierarchical control strategies of the multi-mode steering system consist of the upper controller and the lower controller. The upper controller is responsible for assigning the steering angles of four wheels of the ERVs based on the Ackerman principle. The lower controller is used to control the ERVs to turn four wheels independently based on the electro-hydraulic fractional order PID (FOPID) control strategy, and then the parameters of the FOPID controller are optimized by the adaptive clonal selection algorithm. The multi-mode steering system proposed was tested on the homemade fire rescue prototype vehicle. The numerical simulations and experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed multi-mode steering system.     

基于具身认知的智能车载信息娱乐系统交互设计研究

文章分别从环境关联、感知关联、交互关联和认知关联这几个方面阐述了具身认知与智能车载信息娱乐系统的身体关联性,并基于关联性提出系统简洁直观的界面信息、多感官的具身交互和合理的视觉隐喻设计策略,提升用户在驾驶过程中使用智能车载信息娱乐系统的安全性、易用性和效率。