甲醇中羰基化合物含量测定方法

0前言 山东滕州瑞达化工有限公司于2007年6月新增了甲醇生产装置。该装置采用湖南安淳高新技术有限公司设计的合成氨联产甲醇带废锅工艺流程，规模55kt／a，压力13．5kPa，DN1600mm甲醇合成塔（单塔）生产甲醇。为确保甲醇产品的质量，需要测定甲醇中羰基化合物的含量。     

重庆850kt／a甲醇项目前期工作正式启动

日前，中日双方正式签署了重庆850kt／a甲醇项目前期工作协议。该项目将建在重庆长寿化工园区内，年需天然气约7．67亿立方米。项目建成后，年销售收入将达到20．4亿元。同时，日本三菱瓦斯原则同意进一步合作生产高附加值的甲醇下游产品。     

甲醇衍生产品

介绍了甲醛、甲胺、甲酸甲酯等甲醇衍生产品的现状，对其市场进行了分析，指出甲醇衍生产品的发展前景是可观的．     

氨基磺酸催化、光异构化合成富马酸二甲酯

马来酸酐和甲醇在氨基磺酸催化下发生酯化反应，所得产物马来酸二甲酯在光和溴存在下异构化成富马酸二甲酯。n(马来酸酐)：n(甲醇)：n(氨基磺酸)=1：5：0．2，回流反应6h，该酯收率达90．3％，该法具有操作方便，反应温和，产品收率高的优点。     

云南年产15万吨二甲醚基地开工建设

日前，年产15万吨二甲醚并配套20万吨甲醇的生产基地在云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州开工建设。该项目首期主要由云南煤化工集团和红河州政府共同投资9．95亿元。占地365亩，预计2007年12月将建成投产。项目以煤为原料生产甲醇、二甲醚产品、洁净燃料油以及精细化工产品。     

气相色谱法测定多聚甲醛生产中的中间产物及产品中的甲醇

利用气相色谱法对多聚甲醛中间体及产品中的甲醇进行定量分析，聚乙二醇毛细柱。热导检测器。He气为载气。该方法快速、准确．变异系数为0．12％．回收率为99．70％～100.38％。     

鲁化10万t甲醇装置试产成功

兖矿鲁南化肥厂10万t甲醇装置,继6月2日实现一次化投料试车成功,生产出粗甲醇之后,6月18日顺利开启最后一道工序——精馏系统,于当日零时生产出合格的精甲醇产品,产品经检测纯度达99.9％,标志着该厂已具备了甲醇产品的生产能力。     

哈尔滨气化厂甲醇装置节能增产技改工程顺利实施的成功经验

哈尔滨气化厂甲醇分厂90年代从前苏联引进ICI低压法煤气联产甲醇生产装置和工艺方案。该装置于1993年投产使用以来，在总厂和分厂技术人员的共同努力下，生产一直运行稳定，甲醇产品质量从国际GB338－85工业二级品到国标GB338－92工业一级品及优级品率达100％，甲醇产品年产量从3万t、3．5万t、4万t到4．1万t已达到甚至超过原设计能力。     

硫酸铁铵催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

在十二水合硫酸铁铵催化下，由肉桂酸和甲醇发生酯化合成了肉桂酸甲酯，当０．０２ｍｏｌ肉桂酸，０．２０ｍｏｌ甲醇和０．０１ｍｏｌ催化剂一起回流７．０ｈ，产品收率达８７．５％。     

硫酸铁铵催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

在十二水合硫酸铁铵催化下，由肉桂酸和甲醇发生酯化合成了肉桂酸甲酯，当０．０２ ｍ ｏｌ肉桂酸，０．２０ｍ ｏｌ甲醇和０．０１ ｍ ｏｌ催化剂一起回流７．０ ｈ，产品收率达８７．５％ 。     

Conductivity and methanol permeability of sulfonated polystyrene membrane with dispersed montmorillonite nanoclay

Sulfonated polystyrene membranes with dispersed montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay were prepared and their conductivities, methanol permeabilities and other characteristics were presented in this study. Sulfonated polystyrene membranes were recast by employing various solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), chlorobenzene/n‐butanol, chlorobenzene/DMSO and toluene/n‐butanol. These solvents enhanced the ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability (C/P ratio) of sulfonated polystyrene membranes, especially DMSO. To reduce the methanol permeability, surfactant‐modified MMT nanoclay, which has a large surface area, was blended with sulfonated polystyrene. The methanol permeability of the sulfonated polystyrene with dispersed nanoclay is 1/10 the value of Nafion® and the activation energy of methanol permeability is about 28 kJ/mol. As DMSO was used as a solvent, the conductivity over permeability ratio of the membrane with 14.38% sulfonation was double the value of Nafion®. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Cellulose graft copolymers. IV. Graft copolymerization of methacrylonitrile with γ-irradiated cellulose from DMSO–, acetone–, and methanol–water systems

Methacrylonitrile was graft-copolymerized from DMSO–, acetone–, and methanol–water systems with γ-irradiated, purified cotton cellulose. The relative extents of scavenging of the free radicals in the irradiated cellulose after immersion in the solvents for 3 min at 25°C, as determined by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, were: methanol (77%) > water (70%) ? acetone (5%) > DMSO (0%). After immersion of irradiated cellulose in the solvents for 60 min at 25°C, the relative extents of scavenging of the radicals were: methanol, water (80–85%) > DMSO (80%) > acetone (62%). From these data, it would appear that the overall rates of diffusion of methanol and water into the fibrous macrostructure were greater than the rates of diffusion of DMSO and acetone into the structure. The relative radiochemical yields of the graft copolymerization reactions of methacrylonitrile with irradiated cellulose in the different solvents were: water ? DMSO > methanol ? acetone. The addition of water to the systems increased the yields of the reactions.     

Comparison of distillation arrangement for the recovery process of dimethyl sulfoxide

In this study, computer modeling and comparative works have been performed to obtain highly pure dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) which is used for fiber spinning solvent for two different distillation sequences. These two distillation sequences remove methanol and water and recover DMSO solvent from the mixture of methanol and water using two distillation columns. Non random two liquid mixture (NRTL) liquid activity coefficient model was used for the modeling of each binary vapor-liquid equilibria for DMSO, methanol and water systems and we used PRO/II with PROVISION release 7.1 as a commercial chemical process simulator. As a result of computational simulation, we obtained a highly pure DMSO with its purity over 99.9 wt% and water contents which is main impurity was very low weight percent under 500 ppm.     

Effect of coagulation conditions on solvent diffusions and the structures and tensile properties of solution spun polyacrylonitrile fibers

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were spun by solution spinning. In this work, two coagulation compositions, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water and methanol, were used, and coagulation temperatures were varied from ?20 to 0 to 20 °C. The coagulation compositions and temperatures strongly affected the solvent diffusion processes, the structures of as‐spun fibers, and the tensile properties of final drawn fibers. When DMSO/water was used as coagulation bath, non‐solvent (water) diffused into PAN fibers and led to a quick PAN solidification. By comparison, when methanol was used as coagulation bath, no or minimal amount of methanol diffused inward to the fibers. The different solvent diffusion behaviors in DMSO/water and methanol baths led to different structures of as‐spun PAN fibers. It was observed that the tensile properties of final drawn fibers strongly depended on the coagulation conditions. When methanol was used as coagulation bath and the bath temperature was ?20 °C, PAN fibers was found to possess the best tensile properties, a tensile strength of 0.89 GPa and young modulus of 20.4 GPa. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 44390.     

Synthesis and characterization of poly(pyridinium salt)s with organic counterion exhibiting both lyotropic liquid-crystalline and light-emitting properties

Two poly(pyridinium salt)s containing a bulky organic counterion such as 2-naphthalenesulfonate were synthesized by the ring-transmutation polymerization reaction of bis(pyrylium 2-naphthalenesulfonate) with the corresponding aromatic diamines on heating in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 145-150 °C for 24 h, and characterized for their lyotropic liquid crystalline as well as fluorescence properties in both polar protic and aprotic solvents such as methanol and DMSO. Their polyelectrolyte behavior in DMSO was also determined by solution viscosity measurements.     

Copolymerization without initiator

Summary Copolymers of 2-methyl-2-oxazoline, N-acetylaziridine (structural isomers) and maleic anhydride were synthesized in acetonitrile in the absence of initiator. The copolymers are insoluble in solvents such as DMF, acetone, methanol, pyridine, DMSO, etc. The copolymer composition depends on the initial ratio and it was determined by elemental analysis.     

Solvent-, ion- and pH-specific swelling of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) superabsorbing gels

Homopolymer hydrogel of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and its nanocomposite counterpart were prepared to study their swelling properties. The hydrogels showed ability to absorb and retain electrolytes as well as binary mixtures of water and organic solvents (i.e., methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethylene glycol (EG), polyethylene glycol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The nanocomposite gel exhibited lower swelling in all solvent compositions in comparison with non-composite gel. Unlike conventional acrylic acid-based hydrogels, the poly(AMPS) gels showed superabsorbing capacity in pure ethanol, methanol, EG, DMSO and NMP. Meanwhile, swelling capacity of poly(AMPS) hydrogel in DMSO-water mixtures was surprisingly found to be even higher than that in water. This extraordinary superswelling behavior was explained based on the interactions involved in solvation as well as the solubility parameters. The gels showed pH-independent superabsorbency in a wide range of pH (3–11). Saline-induced swelling transitions were also investigated and the ionic interactions were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy.     

常温水溶性 PVA 纤维湿法成形及纤维性能

用 PVA1788为原料,以 DMSO 和甲醇为溶剂及凝固剂进行无盐湿纺;测定了凝固过程中的双扩散系数和纤维的性能.该纤维常温水溶速度快、大气吸湿率低、不返潮,并有一般服用纤维的力学性能.     

酯基功能性离子液体性质及其在空气采样中的应用

合成了两种新型酯基功能性离子液体1-乙酸甲酯基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺([CH₂COOCH₃MIM]NTf₂)和1-对甲基苯甲酸甲酯基-3-甲基咪唑双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺([CH₂C₆H₄COOCH₃MIM]NTf₂),研究了化合物的热稳定性,在各种溶剂中的溶解性以及在有机溶剂乙腈、DMSO、甲醇和乙酸乙酯中的电导率,同时比较了其与常用的富集材料Tenax的富集效果。结果表明：该类离子液体在300℃以下基本没有失重,热稳定性较好; 能与大多数有机溶剂互溶,溶解性随着溶剂极性的增加而增大;离子液体的电导率随着浓度和温度的升高而升高,且在不同有机溶剂中电导率相差较大,其顺序为κ(乙腈作溶剂)>κ(甲醇作溶剂)>κ(DMSO作溶剂)>κ(乙酸乙酯作溶剂);离子液体[CH₂COOCH₃MIM]NTf₂对酯类物质的富集效果优于Tenax。     

二甲基亚砜干湿法制备高强度聚乙烯醇纤维的研究

以常规聚合度聚合的乙烯醇（PVA,聚合度1 700～2 600）为原料,以二甲基亚砜（DMSO）为溶剂,乙醇为凝固剂,甲醇为萃取剂,采用干湿法纺丝制备高强度的PVA纤维,最高强度可以达到19.4 cN/dtex。使用扫描电子显微镜对PVA纤维样品进行观测,纤维样品的形貌结构十分均匀,这对提高PVA纤维的断裂强度十分有利...