基于谐波控制的线性高效Doherty功率放大器

设计并实现了一款工作在3.5 GHz全球微波接入互操作性(WiMAX)波段的高效率、线性Doherty功率放大器。通过合理控制载波功放的包络阻抗、谐波阻抗以及利用Doherty载波功放和峰值功放线性抵消原理,使得Doherty功率放大器同时满足高的效率和线性度。仿真结果表明：通过合理调节峰值功放的栅极偏压,所设计的Doherty功放在保证三阶交调失真(IMD3)和五阶交调失真(IMD5)低于-30 dBc时,功率附加效率(PAE)可高达63%。     

线性Doherty功放的优化设计

设计了一个高效率、高线性度的射频Doherty GSM基站功放。利用Doherty功放的载波放大器与峰值放大器之间的互调对消技术使Doherty功放的三阶互调干扰(IMD3)改善了11dBc;并通过相位补偿延迟线的前置处理进一步提高了功放的效率,使其效率比常用的平衡补偿线方案提高了4%左右。文中利用两个MRF9060功放管制作了一个GSM频段Doherty功放,其实测1dB压缩点功率(P1dB)达到了130W;双音测试表明:经过4.5dB的回退后三阶互调失真(IMD3)优于-35dBc,此时功率附加效率(PAE)高达47.3%;WCDMA 3GPP的测试结果表明:经过6dB回退后,其5MHz偏移量的邻道功率比(ACPR)优于-40.5dBc,PAE为43.5%,比AB类平衡功放的效率提高了17.8%。结果表明:该设计方案较好地解决了射频功放功率与效率之间的矛盾,适用于射频功放的设计。     

基于GaN HEMT的高线性星载Doherty功率放大器设计北大核心CSCD

在射频通信链路中,功率放大器决定了发射通道的线性、效率等关键指标。卫星通信由于是电池供电,对功率放大器的工作效率要求比较高。文章基于GaN HEMT晶体管采用对称设计完成了一款高效率的Doherty功率放大器。测试结果表明:该Doherty功放的功率增益大于29 dB;1 dB压缩点功率(P_(1 dB))大于35 dBm;在35 dBm输出时,其功率附加效率(PAE)大于47.5%,三阶交调失真(IMD3)大于35 dBc;在功率回退3 dB时,其PAE大于37%,IMD3大于32 dBc。     

用于W-LAN的5.8GHz InGaP/GaAs HBT MMIC线性功率放大器

介绍了一种应用于W-LAN系统的5.8 GHz InGaP/GaAs HBT MMIC功率放大器。该功率放大器采用了自适应线性化偏置电路来改善线性度和效率,同时偏置电路中的温度补偿电路可以抑制直流工作点随温度的变化,采用RC稳定网络使放大器在较宽频带内具有绝对稳定性。在单独供电3.6 V电压情况下,功率放大器的增益为26 dB,1 dB压缩点处输出功率为26.4 dBm,功率附加效率(PAE)为25%。三阶交调系数(IMD3)在输出功率为26.4 dBm时为-19 dBc,输出功率为20 dBm时低于-38 dBc,在1 dB压缩点处偏移频率为20 MHz时邻道功率比(ACPR)值为-31 dBc。     

一种电调Doherty功率放大器

提出了一种全新的电调Doherty移动基站功率放大器。该Doherty放大器的载波放大器和峰值放大器的驱动功率分配比及输出合成相位实现了电可调,从而保证了Doherty功率放大器的最佳驱动功率分配比,以及最佳的输出合成相位,同时结合内部线性化技术以实现Doherty功率放大器的最优性能。为保证功率放大器性能的稳定,设计了一种用于Doherty功率放大器的恒静态偏置电路,在-25℃～+50℃的高低温实验中使放大器偏置电流的波动小于5%。功放的工作频率为870～890MHz,增益大于58dB。在CDMA2000信号测试下,输出功率为50.06dBm时,其ACLR(邻道泄漏功率比)小于-47.5dBc,整机效率达42.3%(含驱动级)。     

2.62GHz非对称Doherty功率放大器的优化设计

对非对称Doherty功率放大器(ADPA)的特性进行了研究。峰管采用更高功率的LDMOS管,用非对称负载调制理论做功率匹配,提高了功率放大器的平均效率和峰值输出功率。对功率放大器记忆效应进行了研究,介绍了多种减小记忆效应的方法。用ADS软件分别仿真了对称和非对称Doherty功率放大器,最后采用了100 W和140 W的LDMOS功率管进行实验验证。测试结果表明:2.62 GHz单载波W-CDMA信号平均输出功率为47.5 dBm,峰值输出功率为55dBm,功率附加效率(PAE)为41%,经数字预失真(DPD)校正后,近端(5 MHz)临信道泄漏比(ACLR)达到-60 dBc以下,完全达到系统要求的指标。     

一种非对称Doherty功率放大器设计

针对传统Doherty功率放大器功率回退范围小、有源牵引不足的缺陷,在传统Doherty基础上进行改进,采用不同峰值输出功率功放管的非对称Doherty结构,并结合多谐波双向牵引技术,设计了应用于LTE-TDD基站的功率放大器.ADS仿真结果显示,在峰值输出功率回退10 dB处,3阶互调(IMD3)为-26 dBc,功率附加效率(PAE)达到47.6％,与AB类平衡功放相比,提高近30％,在保证线性度的同时,实现了高功率回退范围内的高效率;S11和S22小于-11 dB,增益约为16dB,且1 dB压缩点向3 dB压缩点过渡较为平滑,有利于与数字预失真系统结合.     

一体化匹配网络的Q波段Doherty功率放大器MMIC设计

提出了一种毫米波Doherty放大器一体化匹配网络的设计方法。该匹配网络将功率合成、阻抗变换和相位调节功能一体化,结合兰格耦合器,去除了传统Doherty功放结构中输出和输入四分之一波长线。采用0.15μm GaN工艺研制了一款Doherty放大器MMIC。连续波测试条件下,此放大器在38～42 GHz频段内,饱和功率达到40 dBm,饱和PAE大于24%,6 dB输出功率回退PAE达到16%。在中心频率40 GHz、20 MHz双音间隔测试条件下,输出功率回退3 dB时,放大器的三阶交调失真IMD3小于-21 dBc。     

基于GaN HEMT的Doherty功率放大器设计

设计一款基于GaN HEMT的S波段Doherty功率放大器(DPA)。主放大器是采用GaN HEMT设计的AB类功放,辅助放大器是GaN HEMT的C类功放。利用ADS对电路进行仿真,单音测试结果表明,DPA工作频率在2.3~2.4 GHz,输入功率为29 dBm时,工作增益不小于14 dB,输出功率大于43 dBm,功率附加效率超过65%。分析了辅助放大器偏置电压对DPA性能的影响,偏置电压变小,DPA的效率和线性度较好。     

基于GaN的高效率功率放大器设计

基于Cree公司GaN HEMT设计了一款适用于3.45 GHz 5G通信的Doherty功率放大器,其中,载波放大器工作于深AB类,峰值放大器偏置于C类.后仿真表明该放大器小信号增益为13 dB,饱和输出功率大于44.85 dBm(30 W),在饱和点的功率附加效率(PAE)为73.5％.在6 dB回退点效率高达65...     

Analysis of a Fully Matched Saturated Doherty Amplifier With Excellent Efficiency

A saturated Doherty amplifier based on class-F amplifiers is analyzed in terms of its load modulation behavior, efficiency, and linearity. Simulations included the amplitude ratio and phase difference between the fundamental and third harmonic voltages, the current/voltage waveforms, load lines, and the third-order intermodulation amplitudes/phases of the carrier and peaking amplifiers. The saturated doherty power amplifier was implemented using two Eudyna EGN010MK GaN HEMTs with a 10-W peak envelope power. For a 2.14-GHz forward-fink wideband code-division multiple-access signal, the doherty amplifier delivers an excellent efficiency of 52.4% with an acceptable linearity of -28.3 dBc at an average output power of 36 dBm. Moreover, the amplifier can provide the high linearity performance of -50 dBc using the digital feedback predistortion technique.     

A 68% PAE, GaAs power MESFET operating at 2.3 V drain bias for lowdistortion power applications

A high-efficient GaAs power metal semiconductor field effect transistor operating at a drain voltage of 2.3 V has been developed for low distortion power applications. The device has been fabricated on an epitaxial layer with a high-low doped structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The MESFET with a gate length of 0.8 μm and a total gate width of 21.16 mm showed a maximum drain current of 5.9 A at V_gs =0.5 V, a knee voltage of 1.0 V and a gate-to-drain breakdown voltage of 28 V. The MESFET tested at a 2.3 V drain bias and a 900 MHz operation frequency displayed the best power-added efficiency of 68% with an output power of 31.3 dBm. The associate power gain at 20 dBm input power and the linear gain were 11.3 dB and 16.0 dB, respectively. The power characteristics of the device operating under a bias of 2 V exhibit power-added efficiency of 67% and output power of 30.1 dBm at an input power of 20 dBm. Two tone test measured at 900.00 MHz and 900.03 MHz shows that 3rd-order intermodulation and power-added efficiency at an output power of 27 dBm were -30.6 dBc and 36%, respectively, which are good for CDMA digital applications. A third-order intercept point and a linearity figure-of-merit were measured to be 49.5 dBm and 53.8, respectively     

Highly linear three-way Doherty amplifier with uneven power drive for repeater system

We have demonstrated a high linear three-way Doherty amplifier by applying uneven power drive and optimizing the peaking biases and load impedances. The amplifier has been implemented at 2.14GHz using 190-W peak envelope power laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. For comparison, a class AB biased amplifier is tested as it's counterpart. The two-tone signal and forward-link wideband code-division multiple access (WCDMA) signal have been selected as test signals. At 42dBm (12.5-dB backed-off output power), there are large improvements in the third- and fifth-order intermodulation distortions. For the forward-link four-carrier WCDMA signal, the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) performances at 5-MHz and 10-MHz offsets are -52.5dBc and -53.4dBc, respectively, and satisfy the generally medium high power amplifier linearity target without using any other linearization circuits. In comparison with the class AB amplifier, the three-way Doherty amplifier with uneven power drive has 9.8-dB lower ACLR at 5-MHz offset while maintaining a comparable drain efficiency of 10.2%.     

Highest efficiency, linear X-band performance using InP DHBTs - 48%PAE at 30 dB C/IM3

InP single heterojunction bipolar transistors have previously demonstrated 5-10 dB lower third-order intermodulation products (IM3) compared to GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) under low voltage (2 V) operation. This paper reports excellent single-tone and two-tone X-band operation, including high two-tone power-added efficiency (PAE), on linear InP double heterojunction bipolar transistors (DHBTs) operated at V_ce=4 V. The InP DHBT demonstrated a 30 dB carrier to third-order intermodulation product (C/IM3) output power ratio simultaneously with 48% two-tone PAE. This is the highest known efficiency of an X-band device under linear (30 dB C/IM3) operation. This is especially significant for microwave power amplifiers for satellite communication transmitters, where lower intermodulation distortion is normally accomplished by backing off in RF drive and output power, thus sacrificing PAE performance     

Highly Linear and Efficient Microwave GaN HEMT Doherty Amplifier for WCDMA

A highly linear and efficient GaN HEMT Doherty amplifier for wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) repeaters is presented. For better performance, the adaptive gate bias control of the peaking amplifier using the power tracking circuit and the shunt capacitors is employed. The measured one‐carrier WCDMA results show an adjacent channel leakage ratio of ?43.2 dBc at ±2.5‐MHz offset with a power added efficiency of 40.1% at an average output power of 37 dBm, which is a 7.5 dB back‐off power from the saturated output power.     

Design Optimization and DPD Linearization of GaN-Based Unsymmetrical Doherty Power Amplifiers for 3G Multicarrier Applications

In this paper, a design optimization approach for gallium-nitride (GaN)-based Doherty power amplifiers (PAs) is proposed to enhance linearizability and maximize the power-added efficiency (PAE) for multicarrier wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) applications. This is based on the use of an input offset line at the peaking amplifier path to compensate, at a given backoff level, for the bias and power-dependant phase variation through the carrier and peaking paths. At a 6-dB output power backoff (OPBO), measurement results of the unsymmetrical unlinearized Doherty amplifier using a four-carrier WCDMA signal achieved results of close to 50% for the PAE and about -30 dBc for the adjacent channel leakage ratio. Linearization of the designed Doherty PA using a baseband digital predistortion technique led to quasi-perfect cancellation of spectrum regrowth. At an OPBO equal to the input signal's peak-to-average power ratio, -63- and -53-dBc adjacent channel power ratios were obtained when the Doherty amplifier was driven by single- and four-carrier WCDMA signals, respectively. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this represents the best reported results for PAE and linearity for GaN-based Doherty PAs linearized over 20 MHz of instantaneous bandwidth.     

A microwave Doherty amplifier employing envelope tracking technique for high efficiency and linearity

In this letter, we demonstrate a microwave Doherty amplifier employing an input signal envelope tracking technique. In the amplifier, the gate bias of the peaking amplifier is controlled according to the magnitude of the envelope. A 2.14-GHz Doherty amplifier is implemented using 4-W PEP LDMOSFETs, and an adaptive controlled gate bias circuit is constructed and the control shape is optimized experimentally. The performance of the microwave Doherty amplifier is compared with that of a class AB amplifier using one-tone, two-tone, and forward-link wideband code-division multiple access (WCDMA) signals. For a forward-link WCDMA signal, the measured power added efficiency (PAE) of the microwave Doherty amplifier is 39.4% at -30 dBc adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR), while that of the comparable class AB amplifier is 24.2% at the same ACLR level.