Production aspects of the manufacture and operation of torcrete mixes

Production aspects of the manufacture and operation of torcrete mix MAGMS 85 are considered together with its main properties, i.e. transportability, efficiency during application to the surface of an intermediate ladle reinforcing layer, and also torcrete layer life. Results are provided for practical industrial tests of a torcrete mix with several versions of binder and the effect of them on the time for passage of a mix through an Engler viscometer is determined.     

Increase in the efficiency of using mixes for semidry torcreting of the vertical surfaces of a converter lining

A new procedure is described for testing mixes for semidry torcreting of the vertical surfaces of a converter lining, developed by the laboratory services for refractories together with specialists of the converter section of the OAO MMK acid-converter workshop (ACW). The procedure makes it possible to reduce the tonnage of test mixes and to determine sufficiently accurately the operating characteristics of the torcrete materials. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 11, pp. 11–12, November 2008.     

Experience of using dry mixes for the working layer of intermediate ladle linings

Results are provided for testing dry torcrete mix grade RANTAL MAG ST for the working layer of intermediate ladle linings under RUP BMZ (Belorussian Metallurgical Plant) and OAO ChMK (Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combine). Use of dry mixes is markedly simplified due to absence of template heating. The advantages of the proposed method are given in comparison with traditional torcreting. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 8–10, July 2008.     

Unmolded refractory material produced by OOO Gruppa Magnezit for filling the steel discharge channel of steel pouring ladles

Preparation technology, assimilation of production and application of a starting mix in steel-pouring assemblies of steel-pouring ladles, operating under conditions of steel pouring into molds and in CBCM are provided. The material developed is used successfully in a number of Russian metallurgical enterprises.     

Planning of skull formation at an oxygen converter lining surface and optimization of modifier consumption

A software package has been developed for planning skull formation dynamics on an oxygen converter lining surface in the faculty of high-temperature materials chemical technology (HMCT) of SPbGTI (TU). An information base is provided making it possible making it possible to use to the software package developed under converter production conditions.     

醇改氨项目等温变换工艺改造及运行总结

为缓解甲醇市场行情长期萎靡不振对公司的影响,将1套100 kt/a甲醇生产装置改造成100 kt/a合成氨生产装置。改造新增1台等温变换炉并采用特制的催化剂,解决了在水煤浆制气条件下高CO含量、高水气比变换及生产合成氨的深度变换问题。介绍了改造前、后系统的工艺流程,总结了改造后的运行情况和存在的问题。     

水泥生料停留时间分布的测定

水泥生料停留时间分布是悬浮预热与窑外分解设备的一个重要参数。本文基于示踪激发——应答技术,提出了一种脉冲式重铬酸钾(K_2Cr_2O_7)示踪测试方法,在实验室冷态模试研究中,可以有效地测定水泥生料通过这类模型设备的停留时间分布及其数字特征,据此可对这类设备的开发研究、设计放大与结构改进等提供有用的信息和依据。本文着重介绍脉冲式K_2Cr_2O_7示踪原理、实验装置与步骤,并举实例叙述测试方法的过程。     

New generation of OOO Gruppa Magnezit magnesia torcrete-mixes

An assortment of contemporary torcrete mixes is provided currently produced in OOO Magnezit-Intokast-Satka, being part of OOO Gruppa Magnezit. Torcrete-mix properties are given. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 17–20, July 2008.     

The possibility of using a thermoelectric instrument PT-102 for evaluating the stability of technological production of heat-resistant carbon fiber materials

Results are provided for tests under OOO Argon conditions of thermoelectric instrument PT-102, that is checked successfully in performing measurements both under laboratory and technical monitoring section conditions, and also during the production of carbon fiber materials.     

Testing an olivinite ramming mixture under the conditions of converter production at the Severstal' JSC

The possibility in principle of the production and application of ramming forsterite mixtures from olivinites of the weathering crust of the Kovdorsk Massif under the conditions of converter production at the Severstal' JSC is described.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 24–26, August, 1995.     

冶金炉用喷补料的发展趋势

国外喷补料在产量逐年增加的情况下，致力于新材质、新品种的开发以适应不同冶金炉喷补的需要。随着我国喷补机的国产化，喷补技术已在高炉、焦炉、热风炉、转炉、电炉、精炼炉和钢包等处使用，使炉龄大幅度提高．今后应利用我国天然耐火原料开发多品种、新质量喷补料，研制喷补装备，以适应冶金工业的需要．     

Advances in the Development of Filterless Soot Deposition Systems for the Continuous Removal of Diesel Particulate Matter

A model catalytic converter system has been developed to investigate and characterize novel catalyst structures for filterless diesel particulate matter deposition and oxidation in modern heavy duty vehicle diesel engine exhaust systems. The particulate traps are designed for low exhaust gas back pressures and to avoid the clogging effects observed in ceramic filters. In experiments under realistic flow conditions deposition efficiencies of up to 70% have been achieved for submicrometer particles in stacks of corrugated stainless steel foil with microsphere surface coating. The model catalytic converter system is also used to study the reaction kinetics of soot oxidation and volatilization by oxygen and nitrogen oxides under a wide range of reaction conditions, for real diesel engine soot, different model soot substances, and different types of converter surfaces.     

Production of Neptunium Oxide from Impure Solutions by Anion Exchange Followed by Oxalate Precipitation

Abstract

The stabilization of the neptunium solutions stored at the Savannah River Site (SRS) has generated additional recycle solutions that contain a different mix of impurities. A list of expected purities and the known laboratory and production data for purification from those impurities has been accumulated. An evaluation has been performed of the options for modifying the current process to ensure oxide product purity does not significantly change when recycle solutions are processed. This paper discusses the details of the reduction of the major impurities utilizing both known production quality analyses and laboratory flowsheet development data and proposes modifications to the anion wash volumes to remove higher levels of each impurity.     

全径向流型凯洛格氨合成塔的数学模拟分析及其操作条件优化

建立了全径向型凯洛格（Kellog）氨合成塔（托普索S一200内件）的一维均相数学模型,并以实际运行的生产工艺数据为条件,应用龙格一库塔法求解微分方程组,确定在线使用的A110—1催化剂的活性校正系数;以此为基础,应用该数学模型,对全径向型的凯洛格氨合成塔（托普索S一200内件）的操作条件进行优化;结果表明,一维均相数学模型及其计算程序可为全径向型凯洛格氨合成塔的操作和优化提供参考,对提高氨合成塔生产能力具有积极意义。     

轴径向型氨合成塔的数学模型及工艺优化研究

运用氨合成化学反应本征动力学方程,建立了轴径向型氨合成塔拟均相一维的催化床层内氨浓度和反应温度分布的数学模型。利用正常生产运行的操作数据反算得到了各段催化床层的催化剂活性系数;逐一对单元工艺操作条件进行了优化,模拟计算出系统压力随氨合成塔工艺操作条件变化的情况,从中确定出一组工艺操作条件的优化值;通过实际生产运行,对优化前后氨合成塔工艺操作数据进行了对比,结果实明,生产操作工况良好。     

Material performance lessons

The use of advanced technologies applying chemical and mineral admixtures, combined with conventional raw materials, can provide cost effective solutions to meet many of the challenges facing the concrete industry, especially with respect to production of cost effective durable structures, without the necessity of application of exotic new cementitious systems. The mechanisms controlling the performance of such concretes and the concepts of mix design are generally understood. Yet, in spite of this know-how, the performance on site frequently fails to meet the potential of these concretes. Some of the causes for this gap are associated with the influence of field practices which are often ignored, as well as the dependence on specifying and monitoring of concrete quality only on strength. The present paper discusses the various parameters and strategies which need and can be considered to change this state of affairs: quantifying the limitations of strength based specifications for durability, use of models and laboratory tests to optimize mix design for durability by considering expected curing effects, sensitivity of mineral additives to provide durability enhancement in different types of exposure conditions, as well as prediction of cracking which is based on quantifying the development of residual stresses in structures at early ages.     

Advances in the development of filterless soot deposition systems for the continuous removal of diesel particulate matter

A model catalytic converter system has been developed to investigate and characterize novel catalyst structures for filterless diesel particulate matter deposition and oxidation in modern heavy duty vehicle diesel engine exhaust systems. The particulate traps are designed for low exhaust gas back pressures and to avoid the clogging effects observed in ceramic filters. In experiments under realistic flow conditions deposition efficiencies of up to 70% have been achieved for submicrometer particles in stacks of corrugated stainless steel foil with microsphere surface coating. The model catalytic converter system is also used to study the reaction kinetics of soot oxidation and volatilization by oxygen and nitrogen oxides under a wide range of reaction conditions, for real diesel engine soot, different model soot substances, and different types of converter surfaces.

     

湿排粉煤灰在混凝土路面中的应用

探讨了在内蒙古东部干燥、大风、大温差条件下加入湿排粉煤灰铺筑混凝土路面的配合比优化和施工技术。在分析选择当地原材料基础上,确定了粉煤灰路面混凝土配合比。针对湿排粉煤灰质量波动大,计量和搅拌困难的问题,采取了粉煤灰含水量连续监测和悬浮浆液法制备工艺,成功铺设了80米长的粉煤灰混凝土路面试验段。研究结果对推动内蒙古地区的粉煤灰应用具有重要意义。     

Reuse of heavy metal-containing sludges in cement production

The feasibility of the replacement of raw material for cement production by heavy metal-containing sludge from surface finishing and electroplating industries was investigated. The effect of heavy metal content in the cement raw mix on the crystalline formation in cement production was also examined by XRD analyses. It was found that both sludges were applicable for the replacement of raw mix for cement production by moderate conditioning of the sludge compositions with several compositional parameters. As the replacement of raw mix by sludge was within 15%, the formation of tricalcium silicate (C₃S) phase in cement would be enhanced by the introduced heavy metals. While owing to a high level of heavy metals concentration (> 1.5%) in cement raw mix, C₃S crystalline in cement would be inhibited by a large sludge replacement (> 15%). During the sintering process, over 90% of the high volatile elements such as Pb would evaporate in high temperature, yet 90% of the less volatile elements such as Cu, Cr and Ni would be trapped in clinkers. Most of all, the results of leaching test shows that the trapped elements in hydrated samples would not leach out under acidic conditions. The reuse of heavy metal-containing sludges as cement raw material would not cause leaching hazard from sintered clinkers. Heavy metal-containing sludges thus should have the potential to be utilized as alternative raw materials in cement production.     

“Dry” periclase mix in the working lining of cbcm intermediate ladles

Technology is introduced for the first time in the CIS area for making the working lining of CBCM intermediate ladles of the OAO MK AzovStal’ converter workshop with “dry” periclase mix. Supply of the mix, technology transfer for its application, and supply of equipment for making the lining is accomplished by Gruppa Magnezit (Dalmond).