Effect of carbon-containing additions on periclase-carbon refractory properties

Results are provided for a study of the effect of pitch additions of a different nature on binder properties and refractory material quality in the production of periclase-carbon refractories. The desirability is established of using coal-tar and petroleum pitches as a carbonizing agent for refractory material.     

Development of waste-free technology for freeing exhaust air from man-made fibre plants from hydrogen sulfide

Conclusions Devising waste-free technology for the process of cleaning up exhaust air from man-made fibre plants from hydrogen sulfide is tied in with the development of methods for utilization of the main oxidation products of the absorbed hydrogen sulfide — finely dispersed sulfur and sodium thiosulfate.A process for the preparation of an acarofungicide based on finely divided sulfur has been developed and realized in industry; this is a valuable product which is needed to fulfill the the goals of the Food Program. A process has been developed for the preparation of sodium thiosulfate from absorber solutions in the alkaline-catalytic method of freeing exhaust gases from hydrogen sulfide.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 12–14, November–December, 1984.     

Development of refractory composite materials for glass production

The Semiluki Refractory Works produces refractories according to the technology of concrete and keeps developing compositions and refining the technology for producing large-size products by vibromolding. The Saratov Institute of Glass has performed service testing of concrete samples and determined their physicomechanical characteristics. The testing of samples fired at temperatures not higher than 1000°C has demonstrated their rather high compressive strength (from 40 to 60 N/mm²). __________ Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 1, pp. 16–18, January, 2006.     

过磷酸钙生产新技术的开发

介绍近年来过磷酸钙生产的研究开发的若干新技术,城市生活垃圾分选发酵后与过磷酸钙生产结合,生产含有机质的过磷酸钙产品;以硫酸、尿素磷矿为原料制取尿基NP复肥或三元复合肥;用钛白生产排放的低浓度废酸代替水稀释浓硫酸生产过磷酸钙的工艺技术,并介绍2段加酸法.最后提出改进现有过磷酸钙生产的2点技术湿法过磷酸钙生产中掺加适量磷石膏增加矿浆流动性,从而降低矿浆水分;采用实用新型管式混合装置代替传统的多桨混合器.     

Development of refractory materials prepared by SHS technology

Scientific bases of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of refractory materials, recipes, and methods for their creation from local raw material are developed. Thermochemical and kinetic parameters for solid-phase synthesis of systems based on chamotte, chromite, magnesium, and aluminum sulphate, and also phase composition, thermodynamic and physicomechanical properties of the products obtained are determined.     

Low waste or waste-free technology — A basis for the development of viscose fibre manufacture

Conclusions -- On the basis of studies performed in the “Khimvolokno” NPO on the development and improvement of technological processes, local methods of cleaning up waste water and gaseous discharges, and modernization of equipment in the manufacture of viscose fibres, the advisability of technical re-equipping of operating manufacturing units for viscose fibres and yarns has been demonstrated with organization of low-waste technology which ensures the attainment of established norms with respect to discharges into the atmosphere and water supply. -- Technical re-equipping of plants can be effected with small capital outlays in a short time without withdrawal of manufacturing capacity for a reconstruction period. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 25–29, March–April, 1991.     

Procedure for evaluating operating viscose fibre manufacturing plants for their conformity to low-waste and waste-free technology

Conclusions On the basis of calculations, waste-freeness coefficients have been obtained for target, actually realized, and attainable viscose fibre, viscose textile yarn, and cellulose film manufacturing operations. The waste-freeness coefficients of actually realized technological processes in operating manufacturing units are in the range from 0.279 to 0.497.With the objective of reducing manufacturing wastes and increasing waste-freeness coefficients, directions for reducing manufacturing wastes have been defined.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 16–18, November–December, 1988.     

甲醇生产技术发展趋势

1国外生产工艺及发展趋势〔1〕甲醇合成工艺一般由造气、净化、合成(转化)及分馏四个部分组成。合成催化剂基本上是以铜和氧化锌为主加入铝或铬的氧化物。工艺设计大同小异,差异之处是在合成反应器的设计和操作单元的组合上。合成反应器对于提高原料气的转化率,降低压缩功耗及控制产品的质量很重要。多年来反应器的设计基本上是ICI冷激式和Lurgi列管式,一直没有大的突破。直到进入90年代以后,TEC公司才在此方面向前迈进一步,开发出MRF-Z新型反应器。据称,该装置易于从现在的2500～2800 t/d放大到5000 t/d,并且已在我国某厂采用…     

顺丁橡胶生产技术的发展

从催化剂的开发、聚合工艺生产技术和凝聚及后处理技术进展等方面 ,对镍系顺丁橡胶生产技术的发展进行了系统剖析和评价 ,指出了国内流程的优势和不足 ;通过成本的对比分析找出国内生产技术的差距 ,并提出了改进建议。     

Development of optimum composition of a batch for periclase-carbon lining of steel-teeming ladles of AFM shops

Results of a study of the effect of antioxidant additives, i.e., metallic aluminum and titanium diboride, on the quality parameters of periclase-carbon ladle refractories are presented. Laboratory studies have shown that the addition of the studied antioxidants into the batch increases the strength and lowers the porosity of the specimens. The size of the decarburized layer due to the addition of metallic aluminum and titanium diboride is virtually the same, but the use of TiB₂ adds additional strength to the decarburized and transition layers of the specimens. It is recommended that pilot tests be performed for joint introduction of the additives. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 11, pp. 56–58, November, 2007.     

Quasi-isostatic pressing—a promising technology in the production of refractory components

Benefits of the quasi-static pressing technique in the production of ceramic and refractory components are discussed. This technique, in which the pressure-transmitting medium is a solid elastic material, is a modified version of the isostatic pressing and is believed to be the most efficient molding method for ceramics technology.Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 6, June, 2004, pp. 19–23.     

Isostatic pressing technology for refractory materials

Conclusions In the USSR and abroad numerous investigations have been carried out into the process of isostatic pressing of refractories and ceramics. The method is distinguished primarily by excellent physical properties, and density and strength which are uniform throughout the volume. The method is useful for making large, complex articles, including those which cannot be shaped by other methods.Isostatic pressing is widely used in various technologies. At present, Soviet and foreign industries have shown that it is advantageous to develop this method for the metallurgical industry, in particular for producing stopper-monoblocks and nozzles for the donkey ladles of continuous casting machines, crucibles, etc.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 6–13, August, 1982.     

Investigation of Taimyrsk graphites for producing periclase-carbon ladle refractories

Conclusions The investigations showed that Taimyrsk graphite corresponds in chemical composition to foundry and crucible graphite.The content of crystalline graphite equals 13.0–26.3%. The characteristics of periclase carbon goods based on foundry and Taimyrsk graphites correspond to the demands placed on ladle refractories. The wear factors of these products in the slag belt of the lining of 350-tonne steel ladles are on practically the same level.Taimyrsk graphites may be used for the production of periclase-carbon ladle refractories in place of crucible or foundry graphite.L. N. Kurlyandskaya (Urals Geology Planning Association) and L. Ya. Osipova (All-Union Institute of Refractories) took part in this research.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 15–17, January, 1991.     

水溶性肥料生产技术发展

介绍水溶性肥料的种类、特点以及国内外研究开发情况,分析水溶性肥料生产原料选择的技术要求以及固体水溶肥、液体水溶肥的生产技术,探讨我国水溶性肥料的应用前景.     

国外乳聚丁苯橡胶生产技术的发展趋势

国外乳聚丁苯橡胶生产技术的发展趋势主要表现在完善聚合配方、改进无盐凝聚技术、提高聚合单体转化率、改善产品性能和开发新品种等方面。本文对此作了简单介绍。