Scientometrics of laser research in India during 1970-1994

An analysis of 952 publications published by Indian scientists and abstracted by Journal of Current Laser Abstracts during 1970-1994 indicates that laser research in India picked up during 1978-1994 and reached its peak in 1980. The Indian output in the field of laser research forms an integral part of the mainstream science as reflected by the pattern of publications and their citations in the international literature. Laser research performed in India improved considerably during 1985-1994 as compared to 1970-1984 as seen by different impact indicators such as citation per paper, proportion of high quality papers, and publication effective index. The publication output is concentrated among few institutions and there is a similarity in the activity and attractively profile of the highly productive institutions. India"s citation rate per paper for highly productive authors is at par with the world citation rate per paper. The study indicates that the proportion of mega authored papers increased during 1990-1994 and the international collaboration is mainly with the USA.     

Scientometrics of computer science research in India and China

Summary An analysis of 2058 papers published by Chinese authors and 2678 papers published by Indian authors in the field of computer science during 1971-2000 indicates that India's output is significantly higher than the Chinese output. However, China is catching up fast. Chinese researchers prefer to publish their research results in domestic journals, while Indian researchers prefer to publish their research results in journals published in the advanced countries of the West. Also the share of papers in journals covered by SCI for India was higher than from China. However, no significant difference has been observed in the impact of the research output of the two countries as seen by different impact indicators. Team research is more common in India as compared to China.     

Scientometrics of laser research in India and China

An analysis of 1223 papers published by India (347papers) and China (876papers) at conferences and in journals during 1993 and 1997 in the field of laser S&T indicates that China"s output was twice to that of India. However, Activity Indices for both the countries in 1993 and 1997 were almost the same. Chinese scientists preferred to publish in domestic journals, while Indian scientists published in foreign journals. The number of papers by Indian scientists in SCI covered journals and journals with high-Normalized Impact Factors was more than for China, and, thus India was better connected to the mainstream science compared to China. The impact made by Indian papers was more than for Chinese papers, as reflected by normalized impact per paper, proportion of papers in high quality journals, and publication effective index. Indian papers also got more citations per paper than Chinese papers. Team research appears to be better in China than in India, as reflected by the number of mega-authored papers produced by the two countries. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

An overview of cross-national, national, and institutional assessment as reflected in the international journal Scientometrics

An overview is given of the studies published in the international journal Scientometrics during 1978-2000 on cross-national, national and institutional scientometric assessment. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Bidirectional relationship between network position and knowledge creation in Scientometrics

Based on the 3100 papers published in the international journal Scientometrics retrieved from Web of Science database over the period 1996–2015, we utilize three-stage least squares (3SLS) to investigate the bidirectional relationship between authors’ network position and knowledge creation. Furthermore, our research is of great benefit to better understanding of the interplay of knowledge and collaboration networks on knowledge creation. The empirical results confirm that the prolific co-authorship and international co-authorship have positive and significant effects on the knowledge creation. The results from the 3SLS estimation models using the number of publications and citations as dependent variables also show that the structural holes of an author in the collaboration networks and her/his knowledge elements in knowledge networks have positive effects on her/his knowledge creation. These findings suggest that structural capital of an author and his/her knowledge elements are important influence factors of the quantity and quality of research output. The results of the models in this paper suggest that authors with better performance in knowledge creation are more likely to attract collaborators and occupy structural holes. In summary, we fill the research gap in exploring the bidirectional relationship between authors’ network positions (in terms of degree centrality and structural holes) and research output.     

Scientometrics of institutional productivity of laser science and technology

An analysis of 4650 publications abstracted inJournal of Current Laser Abstracts (JCLA) during April 1990–March 1991 indicates that 50 institutions located in 14 countries contributed about 39% of the S&T output. Twenty two of these institutions were from the USA, four each from Japan and the former USSR. Academic and research institutions were mainly concentrating their research efforts either in theoretical or experimental laser research. However, the industrial houses pursued their research in applications of the lasers. Most of these institutions published their output in scientific journals, but a few institutions had large amounts of technical reports and patents to their credit. Most of the institutions resembled in their activity and attractivity profiles. The values of normalized impact per paper, publication effectivity index and proportion of high quality papers for 12 institutions were less than average.     

Laser research in India: Scientometric study and model projections

An analysis of 785 papers, books and reports, in the field of laser, published from India during 1967–84, indicates that Indian output comprises almost 1% of the international output. The total output came from 77 academic and research institutions, out of which 10 institutions contributed almost 23%. Major portion of these publications appeared in foreign journals of repute, as reflected by their impact factors. Emphasis has been on theoretical aspects of laser research. The laser research performed in India appears to be a part of mainstream science as indicated by the pattern of publications and citations. The study also indicates that Indian scientists have few international collaboration in this field. A mathematical model for growth of literature output shows that though the rate of Indian literature output peaked at about the same time as that of the world output, Indian output may start getting marginalised by 1995. The model indicates that reasons for this lie in relatively less emphasis in India on experimental and applied aspects of laser research compared to international averages.     

The impact of the socio-economic crisis of 2001 on the scientific system of Argentina from the scientometric perspective

In recent years a number of studies have focused on Argentina’s 2001 economic crisis and its political, social, and institutional repercussions. To date, however, no studies have analyzed its effects upon the country’s scientific system from a scientometric perspective, in terms of resources dedicated to scientific activity and the final output and impact. The present study does so by means of a set of scientometric indicators that reflect economic effort, human resources dedicated to research, publications, collaborative relations, and the international visibility of scientific contributions.     

Scientometrics of Indian organic chemistry research

Making use of scientometric techniques, the paper attempts to assess the performance of Indian organic chemistry research during the 70s and 80s. Identifies the significant work and its impact using mainstream connectivity, surrogate measures of quality and relative impact indicators. It is observed that the organic chemistry research performed in India during the later period (80s) has improved slightly as compared to the previous period (70s).     

Is It Possible to Measure Science? V. V. Nalimov's Research in Scientometrics

This article is devoted to the scientometric research of Professor V.V. Nalimov (1910–1997) of Moscow State University. His first scientometric article was published in 1959: mathematical models of world science growth were examined and logical grounds for the applicability of these models were also given. In his further works, V.V. Nalimov continued to stress the importance of quantitative studies of science development. In 1969, the monograph on scientometrics by V. V. Nalimov and his co-author Z. M. Mulchenko was published. This book reflected his earlier publications on scientometrics and the solutions of new tasks. In 1970, Nalimov published articles on the comparison of science and the biosphere, the geographic distribution of scientific information, and changes in the demand of scientific staff. In later articles in philosophy of science, he stressed the necessity of a combination of the scientometric approach with works on the logic of science development. One of the latest works by Nalimov was an analysis of articles published by The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology: Here the scientometric approach was used to study the origin and development of a new scientific branch. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A comparative study of research performance in computer science

The paper compares the research performance in computer science of four major Western countries, India and China, based on the data abstracted from INSPEC database during the period 1993–2002. A total of 9,632 computer science papers recorded in INSPEC database were used for the comparison. The findings indicate that, on the one hand, the number of papers produced in China has considerably increased in the past few years. Particularly, in recent years, China occupies a remarkable high position in terms of counts of papers indexed by the INSPEC database. On the other hand, Chinese scientists preferred to publish in domestic journals and proceedings and shares of SCI-papers to the total journal papers for China have still remained the lowest. This indicates that the research activities of Chinese scientists in computer science are still rather “local” and suffer from a low international visibility. Various scientometric indicators, such as Normalized Impact Factor, ratio of papers in high quality journals are further adopted to analyze research performance and diverse finding are obtained. Nevertheless, for these surrogate indicators, China has optimistically achieved great progress, characterized with “low level of beginning and high speed of developing”. The policy implication of the findings lies in that China, as well as other less developed countries in science, can earn relative competitive advantages in some new emerging or younger disciplines such as computer science by properly using catch-up strategy. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Scientific output in Argentina 1966–1983

A scientometric analysis of Argentinian science output during two decades focuses on authorship, as a measure of Argentina scientific size. Comparison is made with more competitive countries like Spain and Brasil. A relative decline in the rate of authors increase was found for Argentina and the derived loss of positions in the publishing authors international ranking was demonstrated. The possible influence of political turmoil and unstable scientific policies is discussed.     

Scientometrics in the Context of Probabilistic Philosophy

Although the word “naukometriya” (first translated as sciencemetrics) was coined by V. V. Nalimov (1910–1997) in 1969, this field was not his main concern. In the work of this multifaceted and intriguing scientist and scholar, scientometrics was only of central concern for a short period of time. Nevertheless, it is no coincidence that Nalimov is regarded as one of the founding fathers of scientometrics. In this article, we discuss the development of Nalimov's style of scientometric research within the context of his distinctive approach to the sciences, social sciences and humanities in their entirety: his probabilistic philosophy of science and the world. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mapping knowledge domains of Chinese digital library research output, 1994–2010

The aim of this paper is to identify the research paradigms on digital libraries in China while compared with that of international digital libraries research via scientometric analysis. Co-word network constructed by keywords in documents and their co-occurrence relationships is a kind of mapping knowledge domains, which represents the cognitive and intellectual structure of science. A total of 6068 and 1250 papers published between 1994 and 2010 were, respectively retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and ScienceDirect databases with a topic search of digital libraries or digital library in abstracts of papers. This paper uses methods of co-word analysis, social network analysis and mapping knowledge domains as theory basis, with assistance of softwares of UCINET and Netdraw, to construct the co-word network of digital libraries/library research in China, present the study status quo and evolution on digital libraries/library in China and analyze the research paradigm structure of digital libraries/library in China.     

The application of scientometric indicators to the Spanish Scientific Research Council

The assessment of the research performance of the Spanish Scientific Research Council using scientometric indicators was done. Number of scientists and budget involved in research projects were used as input measures while articles published in foreign journals, patent applications and citations received provided output figures. The time period studied was 1984–1987. Target of the analysis were wide research areas and the research Institutes included in them. The obtained results point out that very often costs, productivity and impact do not go in the same direction. Most likely, other activities no measurable by scientometric indicators may have played an important role in some Institutes. Besides, the presence of highly cited articles at Institutes with low productivity scores indicates not correspondence of quantity with impact. It is suggested that the research group level would be a more reliable unit for analysis than the aggregated level of Institute or research area.     

Exploratory mapping of theoretical landscapes through word use in abstracts

We present a case study of how scientometric tools can reveal the structure of scientific theory in a discipline. Specifically, we analyze the patterns of word use in the discipline of cognitive science using latent semantic analysis, a well-known semantic model, in the abstracts of over a thousand academic papers relevant to these theories. Our results show that it is possible to link these theories with specific statistical distributions of words in the abstracts of papers that espouse these theories. We show that theories have different patterns of word use, and that the similarity relationships with each other are intuitive and informative. Moreover, we show that it is possible to predict fairly accurately the theory of a paper by constructing a model of the theories based on their distribution of word use. These results may open new avenues for the application of scientometric tools on theoretical divides.     

Research and partnership in studies of sugarcane using molecular markers: a scientometric approach

In this study, we applied scientometric methods and performed a science mapping analysis to investigate and describe the application of molecular markers in genetic studies for sugarcane. We analyzed 344 papers retrieved from Web of Science Thomson Reuters database, considering the time frame from 1974 to 2017, allowing the analysis of the produced scientific knowledge, temporal trends and research partnership in the subject. To our knowledge, a scientometric evaluation of the use of molecular markers for genetic studies in sugarcane has not yet been reported. Our main finding shows that dominant markers are more commonly used than co-dominant markers, and that when co-dominant markers are applied, most of the retrieved information is underexploited, due to lack of knowledge for the use of dosage information. Our results also show that despite the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, for sugarcane only 13.33% of the studies reported the use of more than 1000 markers. We also found connectivity among researchers and institutions publishing worldwide, but only few authors represented a bridge between different research groups. Thus, the international research partnership is still low. Our findings show dominance in country publication. Six countries (India, Brazil, USA, Australia, China, and France) were responsible for 80% of the published papers and received most citations. We suggest special reinforcement in building international partnership, since collaborations occur mostly within countries. International collaboration can improve research performance and eventually lead to a better exploitation and more development of knowledge for sugarcane.

     

Regional analysis on Chinese scientific output

Based on data from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and using scientometric methods, we conducted a systematic analysis of Chinese regional contributions and international collaboration in terms of scientific publications, publication activity, and citation impact. We found that regional contributions are highly skewed. The top positions measured by number of publications or citations, share of publications or citations are taken by almost the same set of regions. But this is not the case when indicators for relative citation impact are used. Comparison between regional scientific output and R&D expenditure shows that Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between the two indicators is rather low among the leading publication regions.     

International Collaboration in Science in India and its Impact on Institutional Performance

In this paper, our objective is to delineate some of the problems that could arise in using research output for performance evaluation. Research performance in terms of the Impact Factor (IF) of papers, say of scientific institutions in a country, could depend critically on coauthored papers in a situation where internationally co-authored papers are known to have significantly different (higher) impact factors as compared to purely indigenous papers. Thus, international collaboration not only serves to increase the overall output of research papers of an institution, the contribution of such papers to the average Impact Factor of the institutional output could also be disproportionately high. To quantify this effect, an index of gain in impact through foreign collaboration (GIFCOL) is defined such that it ensures comparability between institutions with differing proportions of collaborative output. A case study of major Indian institutions is undertaken, where Cluster Analysis is used to distinguish between intrinsically high performance institutions and those that gain disproportionately in terms of perceived quality of their output as a result of international collaboration. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Comparison and evaluation of domestic and international outputs in Information Science &; Technology research of China

Summary The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the basic research performance of key projects in the field of information science & technology funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from both international and national perspectives during the period 1994-2001, based upon the Science Citation Index (SCI) and China Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations (CSTPC) databases. We compare the international and domestic outputs of the key projects by applying various scientometric indicators and techniques. The findings indicate that, as a whole, the research performances of the key projects have, to different degrees, increased in both international and domestic papers during the period of study. Semiconductor is the internationally most productive sub-discipline and Automatization is the domestically most productive sub-discipline, measured on average per project. The Combination Impact Factor (CIF), which integrates the CSTPC-IF and the SCI-IF into the evaluation process, is further proposed for the combined evaluation of domestic and international outputs of the key projects. In terms of ratio of CIF relative to the funds in each sub-discipline, results also show that Semiconductor is the most productive sub-discipline and Computer is the least productive one. Using correlation analysis a significant and positive relationship between the SCI-IF and the CIF has been found for the evaluated projects.