棉纱线垂直芯吸效应研究

针对棉纱线垂直芯吸高度预测难度大的问题,通过分别测试两种线密度的不同捻度棉纱线垂直芯吸性能,探究棉纱线线密度、捻度与其芯吸平衡高度的关系,以揭示芯吸高度在芯吸过程中的变化规律,在此基础上确定了可预测棉纱线垂直芯吸效应的模型。结果表明,棉纱线捻度相同时,14.3 tex纱线芯吸平衡高度较20.0 tex纱线提高0.1～0.7 cm,线密度小的纱线有利于芯吸效应;线密度相同的纱线,捻度由20捻/10 cm增大到100捻/10 cm,14.3 tex和20.0 tex纱线所对应的芯吸平衡高度分别下降了3.1 cm和2.9 cm,捻度增加不利于芯吸效应。对两种线密度的不同捻度棉纱线的芯吸高度和时间分别取自然对数,它们之间满足一次线性关系,且拟合系数均大于0.9,与Washburn方程一般式取自然对数后变化趋势一致。     

预加张力对纱线测试结果的影响与分析

为保证纱线测试长度的准确性及充分发挥预加张力的修正效果,分别探讨了不同预加张力对普通纱的影响、预加张力对不同捻度纱线测试的影响,提出对于不同的线密度与捻度的纱线不能统一设置为0．5cN／tex,在设置施加预加张力时不仅要依据线密度的大小,还要结合纱线实际捻度的大小确定;（0．5±0．1）cN／tex的预加张力选择范围不能保证强捻度纱线测试结果的准确和可靠。     

捻度对聚酰亚胺纱线拉伸性能及可织性的影响

为提高聚酰亚胺(PI)长丝的可织性，选取3种线密度的PI长丝，分别设计制备5种捻度的PI纱线。通过测试纱线捻度表征指标、拉伸性能和织造损伤性能，探讨捻度对3种线密度PI纱线拉伸性能与织造损伤情况的影响，并对PI纱线的可织性进行上机评价。结果表明：线密度越小，纱线结构越紧密，纱线的捻回角和捻缩率越大。不同捻度作用下，22.22、55.56和166.67 tex PI纱线的临界捻度分别为16、16和12捻/(10 cm),拉伸强度相比相同线密度未加捻PI长丝的分别增加24.28%、27.37%和20.83%;捻度为12捻/(10 cm)的22.22 tex PI纱线抵抗综眼和筘齿的织造损伤性能更好；结合上机织造试验发现，12捻/(10 cm)的PI纱线更有利于上机织造。     

吸风口倾角与紧密纱性能关系的研究

探讨了紧密纺吸风口倾角对纱线性能的影响.对CJ7.3 tex、CJ9.7 tex、CJ11.7 tex、CJ14.6 tex、CJ18.2 tex、CJ27.8 tex 6个品种进行了吸风口倾角与成纱质量关系的试验.结果表明:吸风口倾角为5°时对于纺制线密度较小的纱线有利;吸风口倾角为9°时对于纺制线密度较大的纱线有利;吸风口倾角7°时对各种线密度的纱线都有很强的适应性,尤其有利于中等线密度纱线性能的提高.     

喷气涡流纺粘胶纱线免浆上机织造的探讨

为探索喷气涡流纺纱免浆织造的可能性,本文通过实际生产试验分析了不同线密度喷气涡流纺粘胶纱线免浆织造对织物织造效率的影响,并进一步探讨了18.5tex涡流纺粘胶纱在喷气织机上免浆织造时,织物经密和门幅对织造效率的影响。试验得出:涡流纺粘胶纱在喷气织机上进行免浆织造时,其线密度应不低于18.5tex;织造效率会随着织物经密和门幅的增加而降低。18.5tex涡流纺粘胶纱在喷气织机上免浆织造时,织物经密和门幅应不高于20根/cm和不高于175cm。本文对喷气涡流纺纱的免浆织造具有一定指导意义。     

不同阻燃面料的开发及其性能对比研究

将涤纶、芳纶、纳米无机阻燃粘胶与棉纤维按照相同的比例60/40纺制成相同线密度为23 tex的纱线,并将这3种纱线采用相同的针织工艺制备成针织小样,对这3种织物采用浓度为10%的阻燃剂ZR-A整理液进行整理,对上述6种织物利用垂直燃烧法和TPP法比较它们的阻燃性和隔热性能。研究结果表明:未整理之前,阻燃粘胶与棉纤维混纺针织物的阻燃性和热防护性最好,芳纶其次,涤纶最差;经过阻燃整理之后,涤纶与棉纤维混纺针织物的阻燃性和热防护性提高最明显,阻燃粘胶和芳纶略有提高。     

附加捻度对亚麻棉混纺紧密纱性能的影响

研究气流集聚紧密纺纱中附加捻度对亚麻棉混纺紧密纱性能的影响.对纤维须条在集聚区中的运动、纱线捻度的形成进行了分析,通过改变吸风负压和异形吸风管上斜槽长度,对附加捻度与亚麻/棉55/4527.8tex混纺紧密纱强伸性能、毛羽和条干的关系进行了试验.结果表明:附加捻度在小范围内变化时,成纱强力随着附加捻度的增加而增大;随着附加捻度的增加,成纱毛羽减少;附加捻度对亚麻棉混纺紧密纱的条干性能影响不大.     

捻度对聚酰亚胺纳米纤维纱线拉伸与耐磨性能的影响

为提高静电纺纳米纤维纱线的力学性能,以聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米纤维纱线为研究对象,探讨了捻度对纱线拉伸性能和耐磨性能的影响.结果表明:加捻后PI纳米纤维纱线的长度缩短,实际线密度和实际捻度增大,故在加捻时需考虑捻缩率因素;在合理范围内加捻能提高PI纳米纤维纱线的拉伸断裂强度,但过高的预加捻度反而会劣化其拉伸断裂强度;随着预...     

网格圈目数与纱线性能关系的研究

探讨紧密纺网格圈的作用及网格圈目数对纱线性能的影响.对CJ 27.8 tex、CJ 18.2 tex、CJ 14.6tex、CJ 9.7 tex、CJ 7.3 tex 5个品种进行了网格圈目数与成纱质量关系的试验.结果表明:目数较大的网格圈对于纺制线密度较小的纱线有利,目数较小的网格圈对于纺制线密度较大的纱线有利.中等线密度的纱线对于目数不同的网格圈有较好的适应性.实际生产中可根据所纺纱的线密度及用途灵活掌握,合理选用,以提高质量.节省电耗,降低成本.     

俄罗斯粘胶基碳纤维和聚丙烯腈基碳纤维介绍

俄罗斯莫斯科州梅季什市素以生产高科技纤维著称，“乌维科姆科学一生产中心”股份公司，在这里生产粘胶基碳纤维和聚丙烯腈基碳纤维。“YBиC”系列为粘胶基碳纤维，介绍如下：YBиC-H碳丝，线密度70～600tex，捻度100～120捻／m，相对断裂负荷10～30cN／tex，断裂伸长1．5％。其他活性碳纤维产品见表1。     

精梳棉/涤纶/粘胶／竹纤维四组分混纺18．4tex针织纱的开发

为提升纱线的科技含量和纺织面料的国际竞争力,用棉纤维、涤纶纤维、粘胶纤维、竹纤维4种纤维纺制了18．4tex混纺针织用纱。并对这4种纤维的主要特性以及纺纱工艺中的主要技术措施作了详细的介绍。综合分析表明,新开发的四组分混纺纱综合了棉、涤纶、粘胶、竹纤维的优点,在市场上具有较强的竞争力,较高的开发应用价值。     

The effect of core-sheath proportion on the characteristics of hollow yarns: part I mechanical properties

In the scope of this study, core yarns in the yarn count of 59 tex were produced by using cotton, viscose, wool, and polyester fibers in the sheath and different ratios of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the core. After completion of yarn production on ring spinning frame, winding process was performed in order to get packages. These yarns in the form of packages were washed during a time period in order to remove PVA from the yarn structures to obtain hollow yarn structure. Yarn irregularity and yarn tensile tests were performed in the form of packages before and after washing process. As a result of these tests; it was observed that values of yarn unevenness and tensile tests were significantly influenced by the core-sheath proportion and washing process.     

The Specific Heat of Hygroscopic Textiles

A comparison between the qualities of open-end- and ring-spun yarns produced from Egyptian cottons is reported. Yarns of different counts and twist factors were produced on both the BD 200 open-end-spinning machine and a conventional ring-spinning machine, and their quality was studied by determining their strength, uniformity, and number of imperfections. The quality of open-end-spun yarn relative to that of ring-spun yarn is expressed in terms of the relative quality factor.

It is shown that the percentage reduction in strength of open-end-spun yarns compared with that of ring-spun yarns can be minimized by spinning them to coarser counts from shorter cottons. This is attributed to the different interactions between the fibre properties and the mechanism of yarn formation when different types of cotton are used.

It is also shown that the relative quality of open-end-spun yarns can be considerably increased by spinning them to coarser counts from Ashmouni cotton. The quality of open-end-spun yarn can exceed that of ring-spun yarn when Ashmouni cotton is spun to a linear density exceeding 30 tex.

It is concluded that the BD 200 open-end-spinning machine cannot be recommended for spinning fine yarns from long-staple Egyptian cottons.     

丽赛纤维喷气纺纱性能研究探讨

文章采用丽赛、天丝、粘胶、棉、涤棉为原料分别进行喷气纺纱，并将喷气纱线性能进行比较，研究丽赛喷气纺的纱线强力、条干、毛羽、弯曲刚度等性能。     

Effects of fiber types and blend ratios on Murata Vortex yarn properties

Murata Vortex spinning (MVS) system is one of the unconventional systems for yarn manufacturing. It is suitable for spinning of 100% cotton fibers, synthetic fibers, and cotton/synthetic fiber blends which are 1 inch or more in length. The production ranges are between Ne 15-60. Vortex yarn and fabrics have low hairiness, clear appearance, high resistance to pilling and abrasion. In this study, the vortex yarns with Ne 30 are produced in different blend ratios in Murata Vortex Spinner using carded cotton, viscose, modal, silver-added polyester (Flexsil-D2?), polyester, and nylon 6.6 fibers. Vortex spun yarns are tested to determine the yarn properties which are diameter, density, roundness (shape), unevenness, imperfection, Uster hairiness (H), Zweigle hairiness, tenacity, and elongation. The study reveals that the fiber type has quite significant effects on yarn properties. In terms of structural properties, cotton is the most negative fiber while regenerated cellulosic fibers are the most positive. As modal, nylon and polyester fiber increase yarn strength, nylon and viscose fiber increase breaking elongation. Viscose and modal reduce unevenness, imperfection and hairiness while polyester and nylon exhibit more negative effect on these properties.     

Research on fiber distribution in front draft zone of super high draft ring spinning based on cut-middles method

A super draft ring spinning machine was designed to spin high-count cotton yarns. It was equipped with four-line draft system (FLDS) and four aprons. For yarns spun on FLDS, it often occurs that yarn unevenness increased compared with three-line draft system (TLDS). In the paper, by cut-middles method, the fiber distribution in front draft zone of FLDS draft system was studied, and corresponding yarn qualities were analyzed. First, comparison analysis of yarn quality between FLDS and TLDS was presented. Cotton yarns of 9.7 and 7.3 tex were spun by TLDS and FLDS ring spinning machine, respectively. The results shows that for 9.7 tex cotton yarn, slower fibers in yarns spun on FLDS are more than that in yarns spun on TLDS. For FLDS, the friction field at the back of front draft zone is stronger, which improves yarn evenness. However, for 7.3 tex cotton yarn, accelerated point of fibers on FLDS is nearer to nipper bite of front roller than that on TLDS. Thus, evenness of yarns spun on FLDS is better. Then, 4.9 tex cotton yarn was taken as an example, and they were spun by four kinds of draft distributions on FLDS. The results indicate that for 4.9 tex cotton yarns spun by 64.1 × 1.60 × 1.15, slower fibers at the back of front draft zone are mostly found. And accelerated point of fibers is nearest to nipper bite of front roller. Therefore, 4.9 tex cotton yarns spun by 64.1 × 1.60 × 1.15 have best yarn evenness.     

The effect of core-sheath proportion on the characteristics of fabrics produced with hollow yarns: part II comfort and mechanical properties

The study aims to investigate the effect of hollow yarn structure and the sheath-core proportion of hollow yarns on the permeability properties of the knitted fabrics. In order to accomplish this, core yarns in the yarn count of 59 tex were produced by using cotton, viscose, wool, and polyester fibers in the sheath and different ratios of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the core. After completion of yarn production on ring spinning frame, the yarns in the form of packages were used to produce plain knitted fabrics. Fabrics were then divided into two groups, one of which was washed during a time period in order to remove PVA from the core to obtain hollow yarn structure. Air and water permeability, and wicking properties of the knitted fabrics were measured before and after washing processes. Mechanical properties such as pilling and bursting strength of the fabrics were also examined. The results show that washing process and PVA proportion used to produce core spun yarns have a significant effect on the permeability and mechanical properties of the fabrics.     

精梳棉异特合股低捻纱线的研制与开发

介绍了精梳棉异特合股低捻纱线的成纱机理、纺纱工艺流程与关键工艺参数的设置,通过实验确定了两种单纱特数之比、单纱捻系数和捻线工序中的合股捻系数,由纱线的性能对比证明了用此工艺可以制得柔软、蓬松、吸水性强的低捻纱线.开发的异特合股低捻纱线采用纯棉为原料,不采用退维工艺,对环境无污染,工艺流程短,纱线制造成本低,在保证纱线强力的前提下,可满足针织物及毛巾制品的蓬松、柔软的要求.     

Investigation on the spinability of fine areca fiber

Betel nut is one of the important fruits cultivated in tropical parts of the world. It generates a huge quantity of husk, which is a source of areca fiber. Both fine and coarse fibers are available in the husk. Different properties of fine areca fiber have been analyzed for qualifying its ability to convert into spun yarn. Fine areca fiber has good physical properties in terms of length, water absorption, maturity which makes it suitable for spinning. However, in case of strength and fineness it showed ordinary value compared to cotton fiber. Areca/cotton 50:50 blend 48 tex ring and rotor yarn has been produced and yarns showed tenacity 7.1cN/tex and 6.88 cN/tex accompanied by 6.81% and 6.35% elongation, respectively. The water absorption of areca/cotton blend yarn showed 4.8 times higher value than 100% cotton yarn.     

环锭旋流喷嘴纺麻混纺纱的性能

为改善麻纤维因自身性能缺陷与传统纺织工艺局限性所导致的成纱毛羽问题,将旋流喷嘴纺纱技术应用于精细化亚麻/长绒棉/天丝和大麻/棉/粘胶2种混纺纱的纺制,选择适当的细纱工艺参数并测试成纱后的主要性能指标。结果表明:当旋流喷嘴中通入的气流压强为0.1 MPa时,亚麻混纺纱的有害毛羽数量相对于传统环锭细纱降低了89.9%,压强为0.05 MPa时,大麻混纺纱的有害毛羽数量降低了99%;显微镜下2种混纺纱线的纱体结构紧密,纤维排列整齐,纱线表面光洁,大麻混纺纱中的黑色粘胶长丝均匀包裹在纱体表面,使得纱线色泽更为均匀;纱线断裂强力与条干不匀率稍有降低,但变化不明显。