梨小食心虫性信息素的廉价合成

以廉价的工业化原料1,6-己二醇为起始原料,以简便的方法合成了梨小食心虫性信息素(Z/E)-8-十二碳烯醇乙酸酯(化合物1、2)(Z/E比例GC分析摩尔比为79∶21),总收率为35.7%.方法最大的优点是比文献报道的方法更经济.     

梨小食心虫怀信息素的合成进展

综述了梨小食虫性信息素合成方法的进展 。     

梨小食心虫性诱剂与β-环糊精包合物的水分散性能研究

在成功制备了β-环糊精与顺-8-十二碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z8-12:Ac)包合物基础上,采用平衡法和浊度法测定了β-环糊精与Z8-12:Ac包合物的溶解度和水分散性。结果表明:室温条件下,包合物溶解度为0.790 0 g/L,Z8-12:Ac在水中的溶解度提高到0.049 4 g/L。该包合物可在水中形成较稳定的乳浊液,在p H值为8时静置12 h,包合物乳浊液的相对分散量可达57.94%,Z8-12:Ac在水中的分散量为0.375 9 g/L。     

亚洲玉米螟性信息素的合成新方法

以10-羟基癸酸为起始原料,经过四氢铝锂还原、单边溴代、邻苯二甲酸二环乙酯（DHP）保护、格氏试剂偶联、脱DHP及乙酰化、臭氧化反应和Wittig反应,以17.9%的总收率合成了亚洲玉米螟性信息素（Z/E）-12-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯（1,2）和正十四碳醇乙酸酯（3）。与文献报道的方法相比,此方法更经济。     

梨小食心虫性信息素研究及应用进展

梨小食心虫是果树上重要害虫,连续多年的化学防治使其抗药性发展很快,且防治困难,应用性信息素是综合治理梨小食心虫的重要手段。综述了梨小食心虫的结构鉴定、人工合成方法、性质与剂型,以及利用梨小食心虫性信息素监测、防治害虫的技术应用进展。     

几种鳞翅目昆虫性信息素10和11—十二碳烯—1—醇乙酸酯的简便合成

从芥酸出发，经臭氧化还原，乙酰化及四乙酸铅脱羧三步反应合成了茶长卷峨性信息素组分（４），再经ＣｏＣｌ２／Ｐｈ３Ｐ／ＮａＢＨ４体系异构化合成桦广翅小卷峨、豆荚小卷娥等昆虫性信息素组份（５）。     

亚洲玉米螟性信息素的简便合成

以廉价的1,12-十二碳二醇为起始原料,经单边溴代、乙酰化、氧化吡啶氧化和Wittig反应,以36.6%的总收率合成了亚洲玉米螟性信息素(Z/E)-12-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯(Z/E,89/11),接着将顺反异构体混合物在亚硝酸钠和硝酸体系中经构型转化得到顺反比例为17/83的12-十四碳烯醇乙酸酯。产物通过红外光谱、核磁共振光谱数据确证,并采用气相色谱确定了顺反异构体的比例。该方法简单、易操作,而且总产率相对高于文献报道。     

0.24g/条梨小食心虫信息素缓释剂防治桃树梨小食心虫试验

0.24 g/条梨小食心虫信息素缓释剂防治桃树梨小食心虫的田间试验结果表明:0.24 g/条梨小食心虫信息素缓释剂118.8 g/hm2(33.3条/667m2)于第1代成虫羽化前释放,对梨小食心虫具有较好防效,优于常规化学药剂,持效期为135 d以上.同时该信息素对桃树安全,对天敌无杀伤作用,具有广阔的推广应用前景.     

梨小食心虫性信息素的合成进展

综述了梨小食虫性信息素合成方法的进展。     

气相色谱法测定梨小食心虫性信息素微囊粒剂的释放特性

实验以正十二醇为内标物,采用气相色谱程序升温的方法对不同粒径的梨小食心虫性信息素微囊粒剂的释放特性进行定期测定.梨小食心虫性信息素和正十二醇保留时间分别为8.10、8.92 min,且与其他组分完全分离,空白微囊粒剂在二者对应出峰位置处无干扰;相关系数为0.9990,精密度和回收率均符合分析的要求.梨小食心虫性信息素微囊粒剂的持续释放时间达110d以上.     

Identification of a four-component sex pheromone of the female oriental fruit moth,Grapholitha molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

The female-emitted pheromone ofGrapholitha molesta (Busck), the Oriental fruit moth, was collected by holding females in glass flasks during calling. Flask washes were found to contain four pheromone components: (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate and (E)-8-dodecenyl acetate in a 1007 ratio, and (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol and dodecanol in a 10020 ratio. The ratio of (Z)-8-acetate to (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol was approx. 10030. Approximately 0.1–0.2 ng of pheromone was recovered per female per hour of calling.Published as Journal Article No. 8598 of the Michigan State University Agricultural Experiment Station.     

Comparing the effectiveness of sexual communication disruption in the oriental fruit moth (Grapholitha molesta) using different combinations and dosages of its pheromone blend

The relative efficacy of disruptant blends comprised of different combinations of the Oriental fruit moth's pheromone components was determined in field tests. Disruption was evaluated by comparing male moth catch at synthetic and female-baited traps in disruptant and non-treatment areas. Three atmospheric dosages of a 8-dodecenyl acetate (93.5%Z6.5%E) blend, representing two successive 10-fold decreases in concentration (2.5 × 10^–2 g/hectare/day to 2.5 × 10^–4 g/hectare/day) were tested alone and in combination with an additional percentage of (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol. Male moth orientation to traps was eliminated in plots exposed to the two highest binary acetate dosages. However, significantly more males were captured in synthetic-baited traps in the lowest acetate-alone treatment, indicating a diminution of disruption efficiency. In contrast, inclusion of (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol in the disruptant blend effected essentially complete disruption of orientation at all concentrations tested. Mating success ofG. molesta pairs confined in small cages apparently was not affected by the presence of relatively high concentrations of the binary acetate and the acetate-alcohol blends. This suggests that habituation and/or adaptation of male response, at least for comparatively close-range behaviors, did not occur.Lepidoptera: Tortricidae.Published as Journal Article No. 9569 of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station.     

Sex pheromone of the false codling mothCryptophlebia leucotreta (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae)

The sex pheromone ofCryptophlebia leucotreta females is a mixture of (E)-8- and (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate (dda). The compounds have been isolated from extracts ofC. leucotreta females and were identified by means of chromatography on a silver-impregnated column, and by combined GC-MS analysis and ozonolysis. Optimal catches of males were obtained with mixtures of (E)-8- and (Z)-8-dda in the range of 7030 to 3070.     

Identification, Synthesis, and Field Evaluation of the Sex Pheromone of the Citrus Fruit Borer Ecdytolopha aurantiana

The sex pheromone of the citrus fruit borer Ecdytolopha aurantiana has been identified by gas chromatography coupled to an electroantennographic detector (GC-EAD). The electron impact mass spectral (EI-MS) fragmentation of the major EAD-active peak gave identifying features for a monounsaturated acetate. Further analyses by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CI-MS), vapor-phase infrared spectroscopy (GC-IR), along with chemical derivatization (DMDS reaction), led to full characterization of the major component as (E)-8-dodecenyl acetate (E8–12 : Ac). The second constituent was identified as the related alcohol, (E)-8-dodecenol (E8–12 : OH). The two compounds were indistinguishable from the authentic synthetic standards in chemical and EAD analyses. Samples of the two compounds were obtained by a facile synthesis utilizing lithium chemistry. Field tests showed that captures in traps baited with a mixture of E8–12 : Ac and E8–12 : OH at 100 : 1 and 10 : 1 ratios were not significantly different from the catches in traps having two virgin females. Dosage tests showed better performance of traps baited with 1 mg than those with 0.1 mg of the pheromone blend, either in 100 : 1 or 10 : 1 ratio.