Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of Mn-doped ZnS nanobelts

Mn-doped ZnS nanobelts have been prepared through a thermal evaporation method at 1100℃. The synthesized nanobelts are characterized with X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, selected area electron diffraction （SAED）, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）, and photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy. The results show that the nanobelts have an uniform single-crystal hexagonal wurtzite structure and grow along [0001 ] direction. Room-temperature photoluminescence reveals that the intrinsic PL of the nanobelts disappears and a new PL peak of the Mn-doped ZnS nanobelts emerges at 575 nm.     

Optoelectronic properties of solution synthesis of carbon nanotube/ZnO:Al:N nanocomposite and its potential as a photocatalyst

A novel multiwalled carbon nanotubes/aluminum–nitrogen co-doped ZnO (MWCNT/ZnO:Al:N) nanocomposite film was synthesized by a sol–gel deposition method and used for the photodegradation of organic dye under UV light illumination. The MWCNT/ZnO:Al:N composite film was extensively characterized through scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence measurements (PL) and UV–vis spectroscopy. Photocatalytic measurements reveal that the addition of MWCNT enhances photocatalytic degradation of MB by providing conduction path for electron transfer and reactive oxygen groups.     

From Layered Basic Zinc Acetate Nanobelts to Hierarchical Zinc Oxide Nanostructures and Porous Zinc Oxide Nanobelts

Novel hierarchical ZnO nanostructures, porous ZnO nanobelts, and nanoparticle chains are prepared from a precursor of synthetic bilayered basic zinc acetate (BLBZA) nanobelts. BLBZA nanobelts are obtained by a simple synthetic route under mild conditions. X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis are used to characterize the BLBZA nanobelts and ZnO nanostructures. The obtained BLBZA precursor consists of a lamellar structure with two interlayer distances of 1.33 and 2.03 nm, exhibits a beltlike morphology, and has widths of 200 to 600 nm, thicknesses of 10 to 50 nm, and lengths of up to 50 μm. Refluxing an aqueous dispersion of BLBZA nanobelts at 120 °C for 12 h leads to the formation of well‐defined hierarchical ZnO nanostructures. The time‐dependent shape‐evolution process suggests that spindlelike ZnO particles form first, and then the ringlike nanosheets grow heterogeneously on the backbone of these spindles. In addition, calcination in air can remove ligand molecules and intercalated water molecules from BLBZA nanobelts, resulting in the formation of porous ZnO nanobelts and nanoparticle chains. The BLBZA nanobelts serve as templates during the transformation to form ZnO beltlike nanoparticle chains without morphological deformation. Photoluminescence results show that both the as‐synthesized hierarchical ZnO nanostructures and porous ZnO nanobelts show a narrow and sharp UV emission at 390 nm and a broad blue–green emission at above 466 nm when excited by UV light.     

Synthesis and optical properties of two novel ZnO flowerlike and spindlelike nanostructures

A new aqueous chemical growth method for generation of ZnO flowerlike and spindlelike nanostructures, transformed from layered basic zinc acetate (LBZA) nanobelts, is developed. The novel as-synthesized ZnO flowerlike and spindlelike nanostructures are mainly due to the pH. They are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The X-ray diffraction peaks indicate that these ZnO nanostructures prefer to grow along the C-axis. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements show that the ZnO flowerlike nanostructures have strong ultraviolet (UV) emission properties at 380 nm, while no defect-related visible emission can be detected. The good performance for photoluminescence emission makes the ZnO flowerlike nanostructures to be promising candidates for photonic and electronic device applications.     

Study on photocatalytic activity of MoS2/ZnO composite in visible light

A series of MoS2/ZnO compound photocatalysts with different mass ratios were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and UV-vis absorption were used to characterize the prepared MoS2/ZnO photocatalysts. It was proved that the combination of MoS2 and ZnO can increase the content of oxygen vacancies on surface of ZnO, thus improving the light absorption capacity in visible light region and reducing the band gap of ZnO. And the photocatalytic performance of ZnO was improved. Experimental results show that the MoS2/ZnO (3 wt%) compound has the highest degradation rate for methylene blue (MB) under visible light, which means that it has the best photocatalytic activity among all the prepared samples.     

Facile synthesis and enhanced trimethylamine sensing performances of W-doped MoO3 nanobelts

The pure and W-doped MoO₃ nanobelts were prepared via a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The morphology and microstructure of the developed nanobelts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization results showed that as-prepared samples are uniform nanobelts with a mean length of 20 µm and width range of 100–200 nm, and W element was distributed uniformly in MoO₃ nanobelts. The comparison between pure and doped samples was carried out to reveal the superior gas sensing performance of W-doped MoO₃ nanobelts. The results of sensing properties indicate that the sensors based on W-doped MoO₃ nanobelts exhibit high response, good selectivity, and long term stability characteristics towards trimethylamine (TMA) gas, which are promising for trimethylamine sensors used to monitor air-quality and environmental.     

N/Al共掺ZnO透明导电薄膜的制备及光电性能研究

采用射频磁控溅射和退火处理方法在普通玻璃基底上制备了N、Al共掺的ZnO薄膜。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、四探针电阻测试仪和紫外-可见光光谱及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试手段,分析了溅射功率对薄膜表面形貌结构及光电性能的影响。研究结果表明:不同溅射功率下所制备的薄膜均为具有c轴择优取向的六角纤锌矿结构,在可见光范围内,平均透过率都超过了85%;在溅射功率为140W条件下,N、Al共掺的ZnO薄膜显示出p型导电特性。     

竹叶状ZnS纳米带的生成与表征

通过无催化物理热蒸发ZnS粉末的方法成功地制备了一种新颖的竹叶状ZnS纳米带。X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜透射电子显微镜,用来对ZnS生长物进行表征,检测显示,所制得的竹叶状纳米带的厚度50～100nm,度宽500～600nm,长度数十微米。透射电镜和选区电子衍射花样表明,制备的纳米带是单晶六角纤锌矿结构。样品的光学性能显示在424nm处有一个强烈的蓝光发射,这种发射是由于氧空位和其他表面态造成的。同时对纳米带的生长机制作了论述。     

Synthesis and optical property of ZnO nano-/micro-rods

A series of zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-/micro-rods had been synthesized via solution-based routes. In the hydrothermal route, the obtained ZnO nano-/micro-rods had two topographies. In refluxing procedures, spindly ZnO nanorods were obtained in the presence of poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone) (PVP) and ellipsoid-like nanorods were obtained in the absence of PVP. The products were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and electron diffraction (ED)analysis. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL)spectra of the ZnO products demonstrated a weak UV emission and a broad visible emission for each of the sample. The growth mechanism of 1-D ZnO crystals was discussed briefly.     

Al掺杂ZnO纳米棒的性能研究及其在太阳能电池中的应用

通过水热法制备了不同质量分数(0%,0.5%,1.0%和1.5%)的Al 3+掺杂ZnO纳米棒,扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见(UV-vis)吸收光谱等测试结果表明,通过这种方法得到了较为规整的ZnO纳米阵列,结晶良好、具有明显的c轴生长取向;掺杂浓度的增加对产物的形貌和晶体结构产生了明显的影响。通过瞬态光谱和面电阻测试发现,Al 3+掺杂提高了ZnO传导电子的能力。将Al 3+掺杂的ZnO纳米棒同时作为电极与电子传输层,应用于有机太阳能电池器件中,在低浓度(0.5at.%)掺杂时得到最佳的器件性能,相比于未掺杂的ZnO纳米棒,短路电流提高了30%,光电转化效率提高了50%。     

在家用微波炉中合成四针状ZnO

将锌粉和石墨粉以一定比例混合放入家用微波炉中,在微波辐照下燃烧生成了白色松软的ZnO膜,将此薄膜用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量损失谱(EDS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射光谱(XRD)分析其成分和形貌。结果显示,该ZnO为单晶四针状晶须,晶须直径为20~50nm,分析了它的生长机理并测试其场发射特性,得到该ZnO的开启场强较低为3.88V/μm,相应的电流密度为10μA/cm2,在场强为5.7V/μm时达到最大发射电流密度为0.39mA/cm2。     

无镉的铜铟镓硒太阳电池关键膜层XPS及AFM分析

应用溅射后硒化法和原子层沉积法分别制备了无镉的铜铟镓硒电池关键膜层CIGS光吸收薄膜和ZnO缓冲层,着重对该两膜层进行XPS和AFM表面分析,得到比较理想的制备工艺条件,并结合其它检测方法:SEM、XRD及吸收光谱等,证明采用操作简便、成本低廉的该工艺能制备出无镉的铜铟镓硒电池。通过I-V测试结果,该电池有一定的光电转换效率。     

核-壳结构ZnO@CuO光阳极的制备及其光电性能研究

ZnO是钙钛矿太阳电池(PSCs)电子传输层(ETL)的优良材料,但ZnO与钙钛矿吸收层界面有很大的热不稳定性,从而导致该界面严重的电荷复合。文章采用水热法在FTO导电玻璃上制备出具有良好取向性的ZnO纳米棒阵列(NAs)。通过调控电化学沉积时间,在ZnO NAs上沉积一层CuO纳米颗粒,获得ZnO@CuO纳米复合材料薄膜。利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)对复合薄膜的形貌和物相进行了观察和分析。通过紫外-可见光漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和瞬态荧光光谱(PL)对其光学性能进行了测定。结果表明,制备的ZnO NAs阵列均匀且垂直度较好,直径约为120 nm;通过电化学沉积CuO纳米颗粒(尺寸为34～44 nm)后,复合薄膜的可见光吸收能力增强,载流子分离效率提高;在电化学沉积时间为40 s时,所得到的ZnO@CuO NAs的光电流密度最高,约为ZnO NAs的3.37倍,表现出良好的光电转换性能。     

金刚石高频SAW器件中关键材料的制备研究

采用热丝化学气相沉积(CVD)法制备了自支撑金刚石膜,再通过射频磁控溅射法沉积氧化锌薄膜在自支撑金刚石膜上。通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)测试自支撑金刚石膜的表面形貌,结果表明,自支撑金刚石膜的成核面非常光滑,粗糙度约为10 nm;拉曼光谱显示成核面在1 333 cm-1附近有尖锐的散射峰,与金刚石的sp3键相对应,非金刚石相含量很少;X-射线衍射分析(XRD)显示,沉积在自支撑金刚石膜上的氧化锌薄膜为高度的c轴择优取向生长。     

多种ZnO纳米结构和ZnO/ZnS核壳结构的制备

以Zn(NO3)2.6H2O和CO(NH2)2为原料,采用均匀沉淀法,制备出了棒状、花状、球状纳米氧化锌(ZnO)。将ZnO微球体分散在Na2S溶液中,通过离子替代法,成功制备了ZnO/ZnS核壳结构。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)等测试手段对ZnO纳米结构和ZnO/ZnS核壳结构的晶体结构和表面形貌进行了表征,初步探讨了纳米ZnO和ZnO/ZnS核壳结构的生长机理。根据测试结果得知,ZnO纳米棒呈现六方纤锌矿结构,随着Zn2+浓度逐渐增加,ZnO纳米结构形貌由单分散的棒状聚集成花状,最后演变成球形。ZnO/ZnS复合结构为内核ZnO,外面包覆一层ZnS的核壳结构。所有的纳米ZnO均具有相似的发光特点,ZnO/ZnS核壳结构的发光性能有了很大的改善。     

Synthesis and characterization of ball milled Fe-doped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor

Fe-doped ZnO (Zn0.99Fe0.01O) powders are successfully prepared by ball milling with different milling time, and are inves- tigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The structural analysis using XRD reveals that the Fe-doped ZnO milled at different milling time can crystallize in a wurtzite structure, and in the XRD patterns, the secondary phase related to Fe cluster with the sensitivity of the XRD instrument can not be found. The SEM image of the sample milled for 24 h shows the presence of spherical nanoparticles. From the optical analysis, the optical band gap is found to decrease with increasing the milling time, which indicates the incorporation of Fe2+ ions into the ZnO lattice. The magnetization measurement using VSM reveals that the nanoparticles exhibit ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, and the magnetization increases gradually with increasing the milling time. The conclusion is further confirmed by the electron paramagnetic resonance of the nanoparticles examined at room temperature, which shows an intense and broad ferromagnetic resonance signal related to Fe ions.     

Synthesis,field emission and optical properties of ZnSe nanobelts,nanorods and nanocones by hydrothermal method

ZnSe nanostructures, such as nanobelts, nanorods and nanocones, were successfully synthesized on Zn foils via a hydrothermal method using EDTA as soft template at low temperature. EDTA played a significant role on the morphology of ZnSe nanomaterials. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were carried out to characterize the microstructures and chemical compositions of the as-synthesized ZnSe samples. XRD patterns indicated that the as-synthesized ZnSe samples belonged to a cubic zinc blende structure. SEM observation obviously showed that the nanocones had very sharp tips compared to nanorods and nanobelts. The field emission (FE) measurement showed that the as-synthesized ZnSe nanocones had a lower turn-on field of ~1.6 V μm⁻¹ at the current density of 10 μA cm⁻². A high field enhancement factor of ~4514 was achieved for the ZnSe nanocones. The superior field emission properties were probably attributed to the sharp tips of the ZnSe nanocones. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy of the ZnSe nanostructures showed a wide band emission from blue light to orange light. The as-prepared ZnSe nanomaterials have promising applications in optoelectronic devices. A possible formation mechanism of ZnSe nanobelts, nanorods and nanocones was also proposed and discussed.     

Effects of Annealing Temperature on Properties of ZnO Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

ZnO thin films are deposited on n-Si（111） substrates by pulsed laser deposition（PLD） system. Then the samples are annealed at different temperatures in air ambient and their properties are investigated particularly as a function of annealing temperature. The microstructure, morphology and optical properties of the as-grown ZnO films are studied by X-ray diffraetion（XRD）. atomic force mieroseope（AFM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and photoluminescence（PL） spectra. The results show that the as- grown ZnO films have a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred c-axis orientation. Moreover, the diameters of the ZnO crystallites become larger and the crystal quality of the ZnO fihns is improved with the increase of annealing temperature.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Al3+掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构和光学性能

采用无机盐溶胶-凝胶方法在载玻片衬底上制备了ZnO:Al薄膜,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见光透射光谱(UV-Vis transmittance spectrum)和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了退火温度和Al3+掺杂浓度对ZnO:Al薄膜结构和光学性能的影响.结果表明,随退火温度的升高或进行适当浓度的Al3+掺杂,可...     

Controlled synthesis of zinc oxide nanoflowers by succinate-assisted hydrothermal route and their morphology-dependent photocatalytic performance

Hierarchical flower-like zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were successfully synthesized by using facile succinate and PEG assisted hydrothermal process. The as-prepared ZnO samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy. The effect of dilution of precursor concentration on the formation of distinctive morphology was systematically studied. The flower-like morphology of ZnO can be effectively tuned by simply varying the precursor concentrations. A plausible growth mechanism for the formation of different hierarchical nanostructures is also proposed. Further, photocatalytic activities of the as-prepared samples were studied by photodegradation of Rhodamine B (RhB).