70kg模拟焦炉炼焦焦炭转鼓强度分析

简述了70kg模拟焦炉试验情况,通过对焦炭转鼓强度(DI11550)影响因素的分析,得出单种煤的变质程度指标(干燥无灰基挥发分Vdaf或镜质组随机平均反射率Rran)、煤的惰性物含量及黏结指数是影响DI11550的主要因素。通过多参数回归分析,得出了单种煤炼焦焦炭转鼓强度的预测模型。     

焦炭热性能的影响因素探讨

通过对梅山焦炭反应性、反应后强度和配煤质量指标进行的试验分析,结果表明:焦炭灰分、配煤挥发分和胶质层最大厚度Y值是影响焦炭热性能的重要因素,而焦炭的冷强度M40和M10与焦炭热性能没有明显的相关关系。     

焦炭抗拉强度的研究

研究了单种煤焦炭抗拉强度与煤的 Rmax、Vdaf、G之间的关系 ,发现它们之间均呈现很好的曲线关系(中等变质程度的煤所得的焦炭抗拉强度高 ) ;且单种煤焦炭的抗拉强度与焦炭的结构强度 ,显微强度测定值之间存在有较好的相关关系 ;还研究了抗拉强度与气化量之间的关系 ,结果表明也存在良好的线性关系。     

焦碳抗拉强度的研究

研究了单种煤焦炭抗拉强度与煤的Rmax,Vdaf,G之间的关系，发现它们之间均呈现很好的曲线关系（中等变质程度的煤所得的焦炭抗拉强度高）；且单种煤焦炭的抗拉强度与焦炭的结构强度，显微强度测定值之间存在有较好的相关关系，还研究抗拉强度与气化量之间的关系，结果表明也存在良好的线性关系。     

焦炭质量的影响因素分析

从影响焦炭质量的配合煤性质和工艺条件两个方面,分析了煤种的灰分和硫分对焦炭化学性质的影响,以及煤种的挥发分、粘结性和生产工艺对焦炭强度性能的影响。配入榆林低变质煤可以有效降低焦炭的灰分和硫含量,但其几乎没有粘结性,因此,配煤时要分析各煤种的粘结性和结焦性指标,以确定低变质煤的配入量并不影响焦炭的强度要求。     

K和Na对炼焦煤工艺性质及捣固焦质量的影响

在炼焦配合煤中添加K_2CO_3或Na_2CO_3进行捣固炼焦,考察K或Na对炼焦煤工艺性质和焦炭性能的影响,运用DTG分析K或Na对炼焦煤热解质量的影响规律,运用XRD和SEM分析K或Na对焦炭性质的影响规律.结果表明,随着K或Na添加量的增加,炼焦煤的干燥无灰基挥发分(Vdaf)质量分数先增加后保持不变,黏结指数(G)和胶质层最大厚度(Y)减小;K或Na使炼焦煤的热解DTG曲线在200℃出现失重峰,在400℃~600℃之间的热解速率变大.随着配合煤中K或Na添加量的增加,焦炭的冷态强度降低,热态性能变差,焦炭微晶结构中堆垛高度Lc减小,网状平面尺寸La变化不大,层间距d002增大,石墨化度降低;K或Na使得焦炭基质受CO_2破坏的程度加剧,从而降低焦炭结构强度.     

汾西矿业焦煤、肥煤的焦化特性指标分析

对汾西矿业不同煤化程度焦煤、肥煤的煤质指标、基氏流动度、奥亚膨胀度和镜质体最大反射率进行分析。结果表明,不同变质程度的焦、肥煤具有明显不同的煤质特征,低变质程度肥煤具有高挥发分、高流动度和高膨胀的特点;高变质程度肥煤具有低挥发分、低流动度和低膨胀的特点。同时,通过焦、肥煤的焦炭强度分析,为各焦化和钢厂的配煤炼焦提供依据。     

国内外煤种配合下焦炭热性质影响因素与预测模型

针对宁钢多煤种大比例使用国外炼焦煤的现状,借助于先进的逐步回归分析法,通过对单种煤、生产配合煤与焦炭热性质的相关性及回归分析,探讨了国内外煤种配合下焦炭热性质的主要影响因素,建立了适用于宁钢自身特色的热性质预测模型.研究发现,变质程度(Rran、Vdaf)、黏结性G、灰分Ad及催化指数MCI仍是热性质的主要影响因素,而...     

不同煤阶煤焦炭显微结构与热性质的研究

采用模拟焦炭反应性和反应后强度,研究了不同变质程度单种煤焦炭显微结构与热性质之间的关系。中等变质阶段的焦煤、肥煤和瘦煤所制焦炭有较高的各向异性,低变质程度的气煤、1/3焦煤以及高变质程度的贫煤所制焦炭各向异性程度较低。焦炭的热性质与焦炭的各向异性有很好的相关性,焦炭反应性随各向异性程度的增大而减小,反应后强度则随各向异性的增大而增大。     

焦炭强度的影响因素探讨

以新疆焦煤(集团)艾维尔沟矿区煤为原料,实验分析了影响焦炭强度的因素,结果表明:在满足煤的粘结性和结焦性的前提下,煤的灰成分是影响焦炭热态强度的主要因素之一;煤的挥发分是影响焦炭孔孢结构的主要因素,也是影响焦炭冷、热态强度的主要因素之一。即焦炭的冷、热态强度主要取决于炼焦煤的原料特性和焦炭的孔孢结构。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。