数据中心空调系统加湿水处理应用刍议

目前数据中心空调系统加湿水处理不受重视,甚至有水处理不当造成加湿系统故障。在介绍加湿用水水质的相关标准及常用水处理方式的技术原理的基础上,通过分析不同加湿方式的工作原理及其水处理的工程应用实践经验,总结数据中心常用加湿系统的正确给水种类及水处理方式,并给出水处理的注意要点及具体项目的方案选择流程,以期为数据中心的加湿系统采用合适的水处理方式带来积极的经济及环保效益。     

新风直接自然冷却空调机组制冷的数据中心的加湿探讨

阐述了新风直接自然冷却空调机组制冷的数据中心的加湿应用背景,介绍了数据中心常用的不同加湿方式。通过对加湿量及节能损失率的计算,分析了位于我国不同热工区域典型城市的样本数据中心的加湿性能。指出等焓加湿在新风直接自然冷却机组制冷的数据中心更具优势。     

舒适性空调用无水加湿转轮开发

介绍了无水加湿的原理及空调用无水加湿转轮开发的技术关键及技术路线；在用空调进行温度调节的同时采用无水加湿转轮对湿度进行调节既简单又方便，特别是在干燥的冬天。     

汽化加湿技术在电子工厂空调系统中的节能应用

为解决现有电子工厂生产车间空调系统采用的蒸汽加湿方式存在新风机预热量大、蒸汽加湿成本高及蒸汽冷凝积水等问题,提出一种汽化加湿方式,并对苏州某电子工厂空调系统改造前后能耗进行对比分析,结果表明,与传统蒸汽加湿方式相比,采用汽化加湿方式在相同送风条件下空调系统每小时运行费用可节约161.84元,对企业提高经济效益、推行节能减排具有积极意义。     

气化式加湿器概述

气化式加湿是一种新型的等焓式加湿方式,当干燥空气通过湿材表面时,水与空气进行热湿交换,水份自然蒸发,从而使空气湿度增加。 此方式是继喷淋、高压水喷雾,超声波加湿,干蒸气加湿等加湿方式之后,在国际上又一种被应用于空调领域的加湿方式,它以高效率,低能耗、低故障率,占地小,无粉尘等优点,将在空调领域中替代其他加湿方式成为现实。     

客车空调压缩机国产化实用性研制

以国内客车空调用的大排量汽车空调压缩机为研究对象,对其国产化过程中的一些关键技术问题进行了探讨,并对3种不同型号的大排量客车空调压缩机进行了对比试验研究,测定了不同工况下压缩机的各项性能指标。结果表明,采用国产化技术生产的空调压缩机性能达到了国家标准要求,且能够在恶劣工况下安全、可靠运行,保证了客车空调系统进口压缩机的稳定替代。     

我国铁路的客车空调

我国铁路客车正在迅速发展，本文阐述了客车空调的特点，扼要地介绍了我国客车空调的发展简况与目前状况。     

环保型高效加湿/降温蒸发芯体材料研究

本文介绍了一种环保型加湿/降温蒸发芯体材料,并由实验得出热湿交换过程的对流换热系数和空气流阻实验关联式以及加湿、降温效率线图等,这对于工业和现代化农业用的加湿器和降温器设计以及空调冷气机的设计等,具有应用价值.     

青藏铁路客车空调供氧方式简介

青藏铁路处于高海拔、低气压、严寒地区,在青藏线运行的客车需要空调供氧,以保证乘务员和旅客的安全,本文根据青藏线的环境特点,客车运行条件,介绍了客车空调供氧方式。     

浅谈不同加湿形式的发展过程及其适用场合

空气的加湿处理是空气调节中的重要过程,本文对等温、等焓加湿中几种常见加湿方式的优缺点和发展过程进行对比,并举例介绍在不同场合中几种加湿方式各自的适用性。     

铁路客车通风系统的现状与发展

简要介绍了我国铁路客车的发展历程，介绍了各个阶段客车通风系统的特点，对其作了比较全面的比较。     

车辆乘坐室声学泄漏分析的声振耦合有限元模型

提出了一种新的“声学泄漏边界条件” ,并将其引入到声振耦合分析的有限元模型中 ,使模型具备了对实际车辆乘坐室声学泄漏问题的处理能力。然后以SH76 0A型轿车乘坐室为对象给出了算例 ,并通过计算和测量结果的对比分析 ,验证了所提方法的正确性。     

基于启发式算法的乘用车物流运输问题分析

伴随着汽车工业的高速崛起,乘用车物流运输问题也快速走进人们的视野。由于现在很多物流公司在制定运输计划时主要依赖调度人员的经验,在面对复杂的运输任务时,往往效率较低且运输成本不尽理想。考虑到影响乘用车物流运输成本的主要因素分别为轿运车的使用数量、轿运车的单价以及行驶里程数等等,本文采用建立逐级目标的模式,应用启发式算法,结合计算机软件,给出了求解乘用车物流运输问题的数学模型。应用此模型求解了2种不同类型的乘用车物流运输问题,提出了合理的运输方案。此项工作对今后物流公司处理此类运输问题提供了重要的参考价值。     

Modeling of temperature and humidity ratio in an automobile passenger compartment for automobile air conditioning systems

This study investigates thermal dynamic modeling of a passenger compartment in an air conditioned automobile equipped with HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning). In particular, dynamics of temperature and humidity ratio, both critical to passenger comfort, in the passenger compartment are examined. By analyzing enthalpy change during an automobile air conditioning circulation cycle on a psychrometric chart, heat exchange between outside environment and the passenger compartment can be modeled as functions of operation settings of the HVAC. With enthalpy content decomposed into sensible heat and latent heat, changes in heat content can be attributed to the changes in the corresponding temperature and humidity ratio, respectively. Consequently, impacts resulting from the mismatch between two heat characteristics on temperature and humidity ratio can be formulated accordingly: room sensible heat factor (RSHF) of the passenger compartment and apparatus sensible heat factor (ASHF) of the HVAC. A Matlab/Simulink simulation is implemented to verify the proposed model under several control policies that either maintain constant enthalpy or maintain constant temperature in the passenger compartment. With these two temperature and humidity ratio models derived, further research on designing control policies to achieve better passenger comfort for general automobile air conditioning systems can be derived and tested.     

Field relevance of a suite of rollover tests to real-world crashes and injuries

The objective of this study was to assess the distribution of rollover accidents occurring in the field and to compare the vehicle kinematics in the predominant field crash modes with available laboratory tests. For this purpose, US accident data were analyzed to identify types and circumstances for vehicle rollovers. Rollovers were most commonly induced when the lateral motion of the vehicle was suddenly slowed or stopped. This type of rollover mechanism is referred to as "trip-over". Trip-overs accounted for 57% of passenger car and 51% of light truck vehicle (LTV) rollovers. More than 90% of trip-overs were initiated by ground contact. Fall-overs were the second most common rollover type, accounting for 13% of passenger car and 15% of LTV rollovers. Bounce-overs only accounted for 8% of both passenger car and LTV rollovers.The FMVSS 208 dolly and the ADAC corkscrew rollover tests are well-known laboratory tests, but do not simulate many of the real-world rollovers. Three additional tests have been devised to more fully address the field relevant conditions identified in this study. To do so, assumptions were made and adding the new laboratory tests (soil-trip, curb-trip and ditch fall-over) increases representativeness to 83% of passenger car and 75% of LTV rollovers reported in the field. Accident data were also used to identify injuries in belted drivers so the information could later be used to better understand occupant kinematics in various roll conditions. The injury distribution for belted/non-ejected drivers was assessed for trip-over, fall-over and bounce-over accidents. Serious injuries (AIS 3+) were most common to the head and thorax, in particular for bounce-overs. Head injuries occurred from contact with the roof, pillar and the interior, while thoracic injuries resulted from contact with the interior and steering wheel assembly. Field data are useful in the development of laboratory test conditions for rollovers as it provides insights on the significance of various rollover types, understanding of injury biomechanics, guidance for future testing and inputs for mathematical modeling.     

Light truck vehicles (LTVs) contribution to rear-end collisions

Light truck vehicles (LTVs), comprising light-duty trucks, vans, and sport-utility vehicles (SUVs) drive higher and wider than passenger cars which could affect the visibility for the following passenger car driver. This paper investigates the contribution of LTVs to rear-end collisions resulting from horizontal visibility blockage using the University of Central Florida sophisticated reconfigurable driving simulator. Indeed, a sudden stop of a leading LTV, in the shadow of the blindness of the succeeding passenger car driver, may deprive the latter of a sufficient response time, which may lead to high probability of a rear-end collision. To investigate this issue, two scenarios were developed in the UCF driving simulator. The first scenario serves as a base scenario where the simulator car follows a passenger car, and the second scenario serves as a test scenario, where the simulator car follows an LTV. The results obtained by comparing the scenarios showed that LTVs produce more rear-end collisions at unsignalized intersections due to horizontal visibility blockage and due to the resulting drivers' behavior when driving behind an LTV.     

中型房车改型设计研究

简述了房车的发展及现状,分析了在我国发展房车的可行性及重要性.基于对国内外房车发展趋势的理解和认识,介绍了在中型客车的底盘基础上改良一款更加人性化、合理化的旅游居住房车的设计方案,从而为中型客车的多用途设计拓展思路.     

铁路客车地板材料隔声性能有限元分析

从提高铁路客车地板隔声性能出发,应用隔声原理和有限元理论,在隔声室内对客车地板材料进行降噪分析,其研究结果对铁路客车降噪设计具有一定参考价值。     

旅客列车硬座车厢内气流模拟与浓度场分析

采用稳态不可压缩雷诺时均N-S方程、k-ε湍流模型,对旅客列车空调硬座车厢内气流场和浓度场进行了数值计算。采用立方体代表旅客,以人体呼出的CO2作为代表性污染物,研究了非空载下车厢内气流和浓度分布。计算结果表明：现有的送风方式除车厢两端外,车厢内沿长度方向气流分布比较均匀;人体散热和太阳辐射对车厢内流场温度场影响较大,非空载时车厢内流场分布与空载时有较大差别,太阳照射和人体产生的热气流使车厢内存在较大的温度梯度;车厢内过道区浓度较低,但座位区由于人员集中,人体呼吸区污染物积聚,浓度偏高,且车厢中部断面污染     

便携式温湿度舒适性测试仪研究

为了解列车运行时客室内温湿度的动态变化以及该变化对乘客舒适性的影响,研究设计一种便携式温湿度舒适性实时测试系统。通过在高速列车实测温湿度数据和乘客调查问卷的统计分析基础上,给出适用于我国高速列车的温湿度舒适性评价指标。系统以STM32系列处理器和数字式温湿度传感器SHT21为核心,采用模块化设计,由电源模板、温湿度测量模块、存储模块和LCD显示模块组成。实验表明该系统可满足高速列车客室内温湿度动态变化及乘客温湿度舒适性的测试要求。