城市供水管网水质的数字化调控途径与应用

针对大型城市供水管网水质信息的间隙性、被动性和延迟性特征,提出了管网水质数字化调控理念.从供水管网水质数字信息收集、管网水质信息的在线数字评估和管网水质模型构建方面对实现管网水质数字调控途径进行了分析.介绍了管网水质数字化调控技术在上海世博园区供水管网优化运行信息化平台中的应用.     

Improving data collection strategies and infrastructure asset management tool utilisation through cost benefit considerations

Infrastructure asset management (IAM) depends on systematic data management to support its processes. Data collection and management can be costly, and it is therefore important to utilise data efficiently – however, it is not always straightforward to evaluate the benefits of data collection. This paper proposes a methodology for assessing the cost-benefit relationship between data collection and data utilisation for IAM tools. In this methodology, the costs are expressed as the work hours invested in collecting the data, while the benefits are expressed as informational outcomes. The methodology has been developed in a spreadsheet, and is demonstrated in a real water utility. This paper shows how the methodology can be used by a utility to assess its current cost-benefit situation for their IAM data, and utilise the cost-benefit results to improve the information effectiveness of its IAM tools.     

城市供水业务管理系统研究

对城市供水业务管理中所涉及的主要内容进行了研究，一方面用计算机供水系统产生的大量技术、经济数据建立数据库，做到随时按要求进行统计汇总等；另一方面对该系统进行综合利用，为各层次的决策提供支持。     

Improving water governance in Central Asia through application of data management tools

Contemporary water management decisions use many sources and forms of data. The paper discusses the implementation results of data management activities in the water sector carried out in five countries of the Central Asia region. Geoinformation systems, remote sensing tools and databases have been applied worldwide for improving water resources management with differing levels of success. Water management organisations, equipped with data management tools will have better capacities to adapt their decision-making in the changing availability and scarcity of water resources. Application of data management tools for improving collection, storage and processing of data and information are a first step towards improved water governance.     

Rehabilitation of water networks: Survey of research needs and on-going efforts

Several water utilities experience and expect a great future challenge due to shortage of water, economical constraints and ageing water supply networks. The current and expected amount of pipe bursts and leaks are important indicators on network condition. Documentation of network properties, failures and water leaks, therefore, are of crucial importance for an efficient management. The paper refers different ways of handling this scope in European countries and in North America. The use of statistical methods for estimating existing and future rehabilitation needs and the use of software tools for prioritising actions are discussed. Current development on technologies for detecting leaks and for measuring pipe wall thinning is commented. It is argued that there is still a knowledge gap, and that joint international research could be a way to improve the knowledge, create new technologies and improve the water network management. A possible frame for an international programme has been presented.     

Sewer asset management – state of the art and research needs

ABSTRACT

Sewer asset management gained momentum and importance in recent years due to economic considerations, since infrastructure maintenance and rehabilitation directly represent major investments. Because physical urban water infrastructure has life expectancies of up to 100 years or more, contemporary urban drainage systems are strongly influenced by historical decisions and implementations. The current decisions taken in sewer asset management will, therefore, have a long-lasting impact on the functionality and quality of future services provided by these networks. These decisions can be supported by different approaches ranging from various inspection techniques, deterioration models to assess the probability of failure or the technical service life, to sophisticated decision support systems crossing boundaries to other urban infrastructure. This paper presents the state of the art in sewer asset management in its manifold facets spanning a wide field of research and highlights existing research gaps while giving an outlook on future developments and research areas.     

Financially sustainable management strategies for urban wastewater collection infrastructure – development of a system dynamics model

Causal loop diagrams are developed for wastewater collection networks to identify complex interactions and feedback loops among physical, financial, and social sectors. Causal loop diagrams are then incorporated into a novel system dynamics based decision support tool that can be used for financially sustainable management of wastewater collection networks. Data requirements to develop the decision support tool are discussed along with how can the decision support tool be used to manage a utility.The presented causal loop diagram is the first known attempt to lay out the interrelationships among system components using a formal technique. The causal loop diagram establishes the existence of several interacting feedback loops and demonstrates that the management of wastewater collection networks constitutes a complex dynamic system for which traditional management tools are deemed inadequate. The use of causal loop diagrams can be useful to mitigate effects of the silo-based organizational culture prevalent in many water utilities.The system dynamics model is the first known decision support tool to quantitatively simulate the influence of interrelationships and feedback loops in wastewater collection network management. The model is a mathematical representation of the causal loop diagram to capture cost drivers and revenues sources in the system. It also includes a set of policy levers which allows formulation of various financing and rehabilitation strategies. The model can be used to develop short- and long-term management plans. The impact of financing and rehabilitation strategies on system performance can be simulated and evaluated in terms of financial and service level metrics. The decision support tool can also be used by utilities to ensure essential data is collected and flows within organizational units.     

实时交通数据的筛选与恢复研究

实时交通数据的质量非常重要,因此本文全面地分析影响交通特性参数精度的因素,总结实时处理交通数据的必要性;探讨交通管理系统中筛选实时交通数据的四种方法;提出目前常用交通数据检测方法中存在的问题,对比分析后提出解决方案;并对未来信息采集和数据管理提出建议;研究实时交通数据问题诊断和恢复方法,即数据限定法和统计相关法,最后通过沪宁高速公路实例验证其可行性与科学性。     

A service-oriented integrated information framework for RFID/WSN-based intelligent construction supply chain management

As buildings are now taller, larger, and more complex, it has become increasingly more difficult to secure stockyards for materials and to resolve the surrounding traffic problems, creating an increased need for Just-In-Time (JIT) delivery. To support JIT delivery, it is necessary to build a framework that can facilitate the collection and share of information on construction components and material flow throughout the whole supply chain process. Many researchers have suggested that radio frequency identification (RFID) and wireless sensor network technologies could improve the effectiveness and efficiency of JIT management. In addition, service-oriented architecture (SOA), the services of which enable the interfacing of a heterogeneous system environment of parties involved in the supply chain management process, is suggested in the manufacturing industry as one of the solutions for effective collection and sharing of information in supply chain management. However, the construction industry has limits in applying the framework suggested in the manufacturing industry since the supply chain process in the construction industry is extremely dynamic due to frequent changes in the design and plans of construction projects. Therefore, the objective of this research is to develop a seamlessly integrated information management framework that can provide logistics information to project stakeholders for their decision making. The pilot test of the framework developed in this research showed that it can improve time efficiency by about 32% compared to the traditional supply chain management. The result of this research is expected to be utilized effectively as a basic framework to manage information in RFID/WSN based construction supply chain management (CSCM) environments.     

市政给排水施工质量的管理与控制探究

通过分析市政给排水施工中存在的质量问题,对加强市政给排水施工质量管理的措施进行了研究,并提出了科学规划、严格审核、加强质量检验、监督管理等质量监督策略,以提高排水系统的施工质量。     

建筑与小区二次供水设施运维情况调研与分析

为了了解目前国内典型城市二次供水设施现状以及运维管理存在的问题,对国内18个代表性城市随机抽取的建筑及小区进行实地调研,对发放的调查问卷数据进行统计学分析,在调查的175个二次供水点中,供水设备采用变频泵+低位水箱的占调查总数的53.37%,水箱材质以304不锈钢为主的占调查总数的71.34%。调研结果分析表明,各市需合理选择二次供水设施及其材质,加强督促供水单位对二次供水贮水设施定期清洗消毒,安装水质在线监测设备,对水质即时变化制定应急措施,加强对二次供水点的巡检管理,合理选用巡检模式,保证水质安全。     

BIM技术在既有桥梁运维管理中的应用

分析既有桥梁运维管理过程中存在的问题,研究BIM技术引入后对既有桥梁运维管理的应用价值,并系统探讨既有桥梁建筑信息模型快速重建技术。借助项目案例,完整地展现从既有建筑信息模型到运维管理系统的实现技术路线,为BIM技术在既有桥梁中的应用研究和实践提供参考。     

论城市排水管网资料的科学规范化管理

由于城市化进程的不断推进,城市排水管网的数量急剧增加,现代城市的排水管网已经变成一个规模庞大,结构复杂的网络系统.论文分析了城市排水管网资料管理中存在的突出问题,重点探讨了排水管网资料规范化、现代化管理的对策.     

扬州水司综合信息管理系统

供水企业信息化的内容通常包括企业生产过程的SCADA系统、营业收费MIS系统、管网GIS系统和办公自动化系统四大部分；分析了如何对供水企业进行信息化集成改造，建立综合信息管理系统，实现各子系统的信息共享。     

基于动态数据的供水管网GIS管理及应用

供水管网GIS动态数据的管理提高了管网数据的准确性、完整性和及时性,为供水企业管理提供了数据支持。以管网G1S动态数据为基础的多个供水管理系统的应用,提高了供水企业精细化管理水平,为供水水质和供水安全提供了保障。     

A holistic assessment of discolouration processes in water distribution networks

Reducing discolouration events in aging water supply networks is a major challenge facing water utilities worldwide as they are required to comply with increasingly stringent water quality regulations in a proactive and cost-effective manner. Emerging control methods for dynamic reconfiguration of network topologies could reduce the risk of discolouration by regulating hydrodynamic conditions to facilitate the implementation of self-cleaning networks. This review paper provides a holistic assessment of mechanisms and pathways which govern discolouration processes, associated models and the impact of system hydraulics so that control rules can be formulated. The possible role of biofilms in conditioning the wall-bound cohesive layers is identified and methods for their effective removal are discussed. The information presented identifies key variables and research gaps to facilitate the development of near real-time hydraulic and network topology control for the long-term and proactive management of discolouration risk.     

Quantification of groundwater infiltration and surface water inflows in urban sewer networks based on a multiple model approach

The management of sewer systems requires information about discharge and variability of typical wastewater sources in urban catchments. Especially the infiltration of groundwater and the inflow of surface water (I/I) are important for making decisions about the rehabilitation and operation of sewer networks. This paper presents a methodology to identify I/I and estimate its quantity. For each flow fraction in sewer networks, an individual model approach is formulated whose parameters are optimised by the method of least squares. This method was applied to estimate the contributions to the wastewater flow in the sewer system of the City of Dresden (Germany), where data availability is good. Absolute flows of I/I and their temporal variations are estimated. Further information on the characteristics of infiltration is gained by clustering and grouping sewer pipes according to the attributes construction year and groundwater influence and relating these resulting classes to infiltration behaviour. Further, it is shown that condition classes based on CCTV-data can be used to estimate the infiltration potential of sewer pipes.     

南方某市供水管网水质在线监测管理系统的建立

以南方某市为例，介绍了其供水管网水质在线监测管理系统的建立过程。首先，对系统进行总体设计，确定在线监测点的位置、数量和在线监测指标，选定在线监测仪器和在线数据传输方式。其次，基于管网水质在线监测信息建立了水质在线监测管理系统，可实现数据库连接、列表、查询、统计报表打印、实时监测数据显示等功能。最后，依据统计分析与人工智能的方法建立了三种水质预测模型，并将其与水质在线管理系统集成，实现了对供水管网主要水质指标的在线监测、管理与预测。对该系统采用管网实测数据进行考核、验证，结果令人满意。     

Data utilization at finnish water and wastewater utilities: Current practices vs. state of the art

This paper analyses the current role of data assets and information systems at water and wastewater utilities in a context where most utilities are small to medium sized. Special focus is put on big data and open data, and existing information systems for their management. Based on a survey and the available literature, we conclude that water utilities could benefit from developing their data assets, and that increasing amounts of data will require utilities build in-house competencies related to management, technology, and security.