共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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中空纤维渗透汽化膜组件具有器件小型化及成本较低等方面的优势,其工业应用潜力巨大。本文介绍了中空纤维渗透汽化复合膜及组件的研究进展,阐述了膜材料、成膜方法以及组件结构参数等对组件渗透汽化性能的影响,并对中空纤维渗透汽化膜组件的中试研究进行了总结。通过组件放大及中试研究发现,中空纤维渗透汽化膜组件的装填密度、长度以及抽吸方式均会影响其下游侧的真空度,从而影响其渗透汽化性能。膜材料的分子设计、组件的结构参数优化以及耐溶剂耐高温封装将是中空纤维渗透汽化膜组件未来工业放大过程中的关键环节。 相似文献
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利用随机顺序添加算法(RSA)建立了中空纤维膜组件壳程三维几何模型,研究了膜组件壳程复杂结构条件下的流体力学特征,进行了组件壳程流动的数值模拟。通过与实验数据及现有经验关联式的比较表明,在低Reynolds数下,基于上述几何模型的数值模拟可较好地预测膜组件的传质特性,能够替代经验关联式,为具有特定几何结构的膜组件和膜过程设计提供依据。模拟结果表明,膜丝轴向的非平行分布导致的径向流动能够消除局部沟流和死区带来的影响,合理地安排膜丝沿组件轴向的排布方式是提高组件分离性能的潜在手段之一。 相似文献
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在紫外辐照下,引发聚砜(PSF)中空纤维膜与2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)的表面化学接枝反应,制备得到荷负电型PSF-g-AMPS膜,研究了该荷电膜对肝素钠的分离浓缩特性。实验结果表明,紫外光引发膜接枝过程中辐照时间、接枝单体浓度、肝素钠溶液的pH值影响着膜的渗透通量及截留效果。在辐照时间为2 min、AMPS单体浓度为1%条件下得到的荷电膜在0.1MPa压力下对肝素钠具有最佳的截留效果。溶液pH=9的条件下,膜对肝素钠具有较高的截留率,而在pH=5条件下具有较高的渗透通量。荷负电膜与带阴离子基团肝素钠的静电排斥效应使得膜对肝素钠的截留率提高,而接枝链的亲水性使得膜的渗透通量得以提高。 相似文献
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研究了较低剂量的γ辐射对聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜的结构与性能的影响。在试验中,选用44.57 Gy/min的剂量率,分别采用2,4,6,10 kGy剂量对浸泡在pH=10的氢氧化钠溶液中的中空纤维膜进行辐照。对辐照前后的样品作相关的性能测试,结果表明:随着辐射剂量的增加,透水通量先增大后减小,最大孔径持续减小,最大幅度至14.9%,分离性能增强。在≤10 kGy的剂量内,断裂强力呈现增大趋势,断裂伸长率呈现下降趋势,爆破强度先增大后减小。工艺优化的剂量为2 kGy。微观形貌和红外分析表明,辐射对膜的外表面化学基团及内表面的形貌产生一定的影响。热分析表明,辐照使膜的结晶度有所提高。 相似文献
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中空纤维纳滤膜与反渗透膜的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据界面聚合反应成膜原理,以哌嗪(PIP)或间苯二胺(m-PD)水溶液为水相,均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)正己烷溶液为有机相,以聚砜中空纤维超滤膜为基膜,制备了一系列聚酰胺/聚砜纳滤或反渗透复合膜.研究了水相浓度、有机相浓度、界面聚合时间和温度等条件对复合膜性能的影响.结果表明:中空纤维纳滤复合膜在0.4 MPa、室温条件下,对2 g/L MgSO_4水溶液的通量可达36.64 L/(m~2·h),截留率为97.2%;中空纤维反渗透膜在0.7 MPa、室温条件下,对0.5 g/L的NaCl水溶液通量可达12.2 L/(m~2·h),截留率96.5%. 相似文献
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Yuan Li Mingzhi Zhang Yuanyuan Chu Xiaoyao Tan Jun Gao Shaobin Wang Shaomin Liu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2018,64(10):3662-3670
Cost‐effective and robust nickel (Ni) membrane for H2 separation is a promising technology to upgrade the conventional H2 industries with improved economics and environmental benignity. In this work, Ni hollow fibers (HFs) with one closed end were fabricated and assembled into a membrane module for pure H2 separation by applying vacuum to the permeate side. The separation behavior of the HF module was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Results indicate that H2 recovery can be improved significantly by changing the operation conditions (temperature or feed pressure). Ni HF is a promising membrane geometry, but the negative effect of pressure drop when H2 passes through the lumen cannot be ignored. Under the vacuum operation mode, there is little difference in term of H2 recovery efficiency whether the feed gas flow is controlled in countercurrent or recurrent operation. This work provides important insight to the development of superior membrane H2 separation system. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3662–3670, 2018 相似文献
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Chunlei Ren Yun Gan Chunyang Yang Myongjin Lee Xingjian Xue 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2019,16(2):791-801
A typical oxygen permeation hollow fiber membrane fabricated by phase inversion-based extrusion process demonstrates heterogeneous porous microstructures, in which the surface layer with relatively low porosity is used as a separation layer after sintering. It is usually not convenient to control the thickness of separation layer. And a high sintering temperature is needed to densify the separation layer, which in turn could destroy the desired porous microstructures in other portion. This paper studies a novel process to fabricate multilayer asymmetric hollow fiber membrane with a rational design using 67 vol. % Gd0.2Ce0.8O2−δ−33 vol. % La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (GDC-LSCF) as a model material system. The phase inversion-based extrusion process in open literature is employed to fabricate a hollow fiber substrate featuring radially well-aligned microchannels open at the inner surface. Built upon the hollow fiber substrate, a thin dense separation layer and porous surface catalyst layer at shell side are then fabricated through dip-coating and sintering process alternatively. The oxygen permeation flux of the fabricated hollow fiber membrane reaches 2.68 mL/cm2/min at 900°C under Ar/air gradient, the highest performance of the membranes with GDC-LSCF material system in open literature. The innovative fabrication process is able to readily control the thickness of functional layers while decreasing sintering temperatures. 相似文献
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Jiawei Zhu Shaobin Guo Gongping Liu Zhengkun Liu Zhicheng Zhang Wanqin Jin 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2015,61(8):2592-2599
To accelerate the commercial application of mixed‐conducting membrane reactor for catalytic reaction processes, a robust mixed‐conducting multichannel hollow fiber (MCMHF) membrane reactor was constructed and characterized in this work. The MCMHF membrane based on reduction‐tolerant and CO2‐stable SrFe0.8Nb0.2O3‐δ (SFN) oxide not only possesses a good mechanical strength but also has a high oxygen permeation flux under air/He gradient, which is about four times that of SFN disk membrane. When partial oxidation of methane (POM) was performed in the MCMHF membrane reactor, excellent reaction performance (oxygen flux of 19.2 mL min?1 cm?2, hydrogen production rate of 54.7 mL min?1 cm?2, methane conversion of 94.6% and the CO selectivity of 99%) was achieved at 1173 K. And also, the MCMHF membrane reactor for POM reaction was operated stably for 120 h without obvious degradation of reaction performance. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2592–2599, 2015 相似文献
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利用自制的添加隔热管状隔网并呈螺旋缠绕结构编排的中空纤维膜组件进行了空气隙式膜蒸馏(AGMD)海水淡化过程性能研究, 实验以模拟标准海水(质量分数3.5%, 总溶解性固体含量35000 mg·L-1)为热料液进水, 考察了热料液进水温度、热料液流量、冷凝液进水温度和冷凝液流量对膜通量、造水比和热效率的影响。结果表明, 随着热料液进水温度增加, 膜通量、造水比和热效率均增加;冷凝液进水温度增加, 膜通量下降而造水比和热效率增加;热料液流量增加, 膜通量上升而造水比和热效率明显下降;冷凝液进水流量对膜蒸馏过程性能影响较小。实验过程中产水TDS始终保持在3.0 mg·L-1以下, 相应的离子去除率高于99.99%, 膜通量、造水比和热效率最高可分别达5.87 L·m-2·h-1、5.37和0.943。研究表明, 引入清洁能源取代传统电加热驱动热源将进一步突出膜蒸馏技术的实际应用潜力。 相似文献
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采用低温水等离子体技术,在三通道聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜表面接枝了甲基丙烯氧基苄基二甲基氯化铵(DMAE)单体,增强了膜亲水和抗菌性能。通过红外分析,表明DMAE成功接枝到了PVC膜上,水通量提高两倍,PVC-ir-H2O膜(通过水等离子体处理的膜)对牛血清蛋白(BSA)的吸附能力下降67%,对BSA溶液的通量从7.7提高至40 kg·m-2·h-1,并且对BSA的截留能力不变。通过静态及动态抗菌实验,接枝后的PVC膜(PVCg-PMAE膜)抗菌率达到100%,膜组件运行中的抗菌率也达到82%以上。在保证细菌截留率100%的同时,其渗透通量提高三倍。该膜表面修饰工程技术能实现膜表面的均一化改性,且绿色环保、操作简便、成本低,改性膜在饮用水处理领域,尤其是家用净水器中展现了很好的应用前景。 相似文献