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确定接管的许用外载荷,是压力容器及管道设计中的难点。借助有限元分析软件 ANSYS,对一换热器封头处的接管连接结构进行三维有限元强度计算。为求得该结构的许用外载荷,以安定性原理为基础,通过在管口3个不同方向上施加外力及外力矩,得到外载荷对各部位一次加二次应力强度 SⅣ的影响规律。从而估算出各个方向可单独承受的外力及外力矩,以确定危险外力和外力矩组合,进而得到该结构的组合承载能力。此种计算及处理方法值得同行业借鉴。 相似文献
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一、前言在化工、宇航及原子能等工业中所用的球形压力容器上,或圆筒压力容器的球形封头上,由于各种需要,往往要开孔与圆柱形接管径向相连。计算和测试都表明,在内压作用下,与未开孔的球壳相比,由于接管的存在,使球壳与接管连接部位的经向和纬向应力都大为提高(图1)。球壳在未开孔时只承受薄膜应力。 相似文献
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接管外载荷作用下补强圈结构的应力分析 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
本文对接管外载荷在具有补强圈补强的圆筒压力容器中引起的局部应力进行了试验研究及有限元分析。三台具有不同d/D比的模型容器的研究结果表明,无论在接管轴向推力还是在接管纵向弯矩及横向弯矩的作用下,补强圈的补强效果是明显的。它使接管区容器上的应力明显降低。研究结果同时表明,由接管横向弯矩在容器横向截面内产生的应力比同样大小的接管纵向弯矩在容器纵向截面内产生的应力大得多。 相似文献
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Using the one moment limited interaction shell yield surface and a three hinge-circle mechanism, the limit pressure is found for a flush radial cylindrical nozzle in a spherical pressure vessel where the vessel near the intersection is reinforced by a pad. The pad is welded to the nozzle/vessel junction and at its outer circumference to the vessel.The limit pressure is calculated for a range of geometrical parameters including, in particular, the length of the pad measured along the circumference of the vessel from the nozzle/vessel junction.A lower bound and an approximate upper bound to the limit pressure are calculated. 相似文献
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分析了压力容器接管与壳体组装结构对压力容器安全运行的影响。论述了接管与壳体组装与焊接过程中质量控制的重要性及质量控制要素。最终获得能够满足使用要求的接管与壳体焊接接头。 相似文献
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A limit analysis of a pad reinforced flush nozzle in a spherical pressure vessel has been published previously. A procedure for the design of a pad reinforced nozzle is proposed using the analysis and based on equating the limit pressure to the vessel test pressure. Design charts are presented for the case where the length of the reinforcing pad is that required to achieve the maximum limit pressure for a given set of dimensional parameters and also for the case where the length of the reinforcing pad is the minimum specified in present design codes. In all cases the amount of pad reinforcement required is greater than that for integral reinforcement using the same design principles. 相似文献
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根据容器分析法设计的原则,通过采用有限元分析接管部位外部载荷对应力分布的影响,给设计者提供了一个定性判断接管部位外部载荷的参考依据。 相似文献
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采用有限元方法,建立了斜接管压力容器结构在内压作用下的数值模型,并将不同载荷下管道的热点应力分布与现有文献实验结果进行了比较,两者吻合较好,验证了该计算方法的可靠性。对于正交接管利用两倍弹性斜率、切线交点和零曲率极限载荷准则获得斜接管道失效的极限内压;并将正交接管的极限内压与Cloud以最大有效应力达到屈服时对应的理论上极限内压值进行比较,结果表明:两倍弹性斜率与切线交点极限载荷准则在预测极限内压时偏于保守,零曲率准则对确定斜接管压力容器的极限载荷比较恰当。然后利用零曲率准则确定斜接管压力容器的极限载荷,采用控制单变量变化的方法,分别分析了接管中心线与简体中心的夹角、接管与筒体直径之比和筒体厚度与直径之比对极限载荷的影响,最后综合考虑这些因素的影响,得出了斜接管压力容器极限载荷的近似计算式。提供的分析方法为压力容器的设计及安全性评定提供了一种新途径。 相似文献
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由于含缺陷容器在补强下的安全评价对在役压力容器的使用有重要的意义,使用ANSYS软件,采用三维有限元方法,对带补强圈含肩部穿透裂纹接管在内压作用下结构的应力进行计算和分析。研究表明,在弹性范围内,此结构的最大Mises应力与内压呈线性关系,且结构最大Mises应力的位置为接管腹部下方容器和补强圈的焊接处。在内压一定的情况下,此结构的最大Mises应力比带补强圈无缺陷接管的应力大,比无补强圈无缺陷接管的应力小。此结论能够指导实际工程中对此类缺陷的补强和评定。 相似文献
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组合载荷作用下碟形封头的稳定性分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对于受外压和局部载荷联合作用下的压力容器封头稳定性设计问题,以低温液化气体储罐的外筒体为例,采用有限元方法,对受外压及支座反力作用的碟形封头进行了线性和非线性稳定性分析,计算了封头的临界失稳外压和临界失稳轴向力并考察了支座垫板的作用。结果发现对于常见的3支座或4支座,支座的存在对封头的临界失稳外压几乎没有影响;封头因外压发生失稳和因轴向支座反力发生失稳是互相独立的;支座上有无垫板对封头的临界失稳外压影响不大,但垫板能够提高封头的临界失稳轴向力。此外,为便于工程设计,给出了不同直径和厚度的碟形封头临界失稳支座反力。 相似文献
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Cong Mao Hongfu Zou Xiangming Huang Jian Zhang Zhixiong Zhou 《The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology》2013,64(9-12):1791-1799
To reduce the usage of grinding fluid, nanofluid has recently been applied to grinding process with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique. In this study, surface grinding of hardened AISI 52100 steel under different spraying parameters was carried out. Grinding performance was investigated and compared in terms of grinding forces, surface roughness, and grinding temperature. Experimental results show that the MQL nozzle spraying direction has important effects on the application of the nanofluid mist, and then on the lubrication and cooling of the grinding zone. It is found that an optimal grinding performance can be obtained when the nozzle is positioned angularly toward the grinding wheel. Furthermore, it is shown that air pressure and spraying distance are also critical in order to enhance the nanofluid mist to be penetrated into the grinding zone. Grinding forces, surface roughness, and grinding temperature are decreased with the increase of air pressure, and grinding performance in shorter spraying distance is better than that in longer spraying distance. The influence mechanism of the spraying parameters on the grinding performance was discussed. 相似文献
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对一运行状况良好的容器管路系统,假设容器管嘴为刚性连接,或者运用局部应力计算公报WRC297计算容器管嘴的刚度,或者用有限元分析方法 FEA (Nozzle Pro/FE pipe )计算容器管嘴的刚度,分别在CAESARII中建模。对容器管嘴的载荷进行分析比较,发现假设为刚性连接时载荷最为保守,采用WRC297计算的刚度进行建模时载荷有所下降,而采用由FEA计算的刚度进行建模所得到的载荷是最为接近实际情况的。由此提出了一种合理有效的容器管嘴局部应力分析方法,增加了CAESARII中容器管嘴模拟的准确性和可靠性。 相似文献
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D.R. Hayhurst C.J. Morrison W. Topliss 《International Journal of Mechanical Sciences》1975,17(7):451-455
The results of limit analysis calculations to determine the collapse pressure of a flush cylindrical nozzle in a pressure vessel carried out by Gill are used to design a reinforced cylinder-sphere shell intersection. The results of tests carried out on unreinforced and reinforced intersections are presented and it is shown that Gill's results provide a satisfactory means of design. 相似文献