一种先进节能润滑抗磨材料在矿用汽车上的应用

依据摩擦学理论,制备出润滑油添加剂及其油品。该润滑油品在400N压力下,经过转速为1450r/min的1h四球磨损试验,可将点接触轴承钢球间的摩擦系数降低到0.084,磨斑直径减小到0.36mm。经首钢矿业公司试用,该润滑油品添加剂及其油品可有效改善设备润滑状况,减少摩擦,提高功率,降低磨损。节能节资分析表明,经济效益和社会价值显著。     

内燃机润滑油(下)

2.内燃机润滑油(机油)的性能为保证内燃机用机油在使用中的上述作用,它应具有良好的粘温性能、清净分散性能、抗氧化性能和抗磨性能等。 1)粘度和粘温性能粘温性能是机油的重要性能之一。油的粘度主要决定于低温启动的最大粘度。粘度     

柴油机缸套表面织构协同润滑效应

为研究织构间协同润滑效应,基于平均Reynolds方程及微凸体接触方程,建立缸套表面织构混合润滑理论模型,模拟不同凹腔、沟槽织构布置方案的润滑性能.通过重点分析流体动力润滑及混合润滑区域的油膜压力分布来阐述织构间的协同润滑机理,由此对发动机单个工作循环的油膜厚度变化这一表象特征进行说明,并解释量纲为1的摩擦力及摩擦平均有效压力这两个摩擦性能指标的变化.研究表明:表面织构间存在的协同润滑效应能使润滑油从高压油膜区域向低压油膜区域流动,从而降低油膜压力峰值,增加瞬时油膜厚度,强化油膜承载能力;织构间协同润滑效应改善缸套-活塞环摩擦学性能,体现为在流体润滑区域降低油膜压力梯度,在混合润滑区域减少微凸体接触;与沟槽相比,凹腔更能发挥织构间协同润滑效应.     

石墨烯添加剂对水电机组润滑系统性能影响

针对水电机组润滑系统中,常采用涡轮机油作为润滑、冷却介质的情况,将专门研发的石墨烯添加剂按一定比例加入水电机组润滑系统的涡轮机油中,通过现场试验研究其对润滑性能的影响.根据机组轴承瓦温监测数据,对比加入添加剂前后温度变化情况,间接反映石墨烯添加剂对水电机组润滑系统性能的影响.结果 表明:所加入的石墨烯添加剂能改善涡轮机...     

纳米SiO_2润滑油改善内燃机气缸套-活塞环润滑摩擦性能的基础试验研究

利用分散法制备了不同质量分数的纳米SiO_2润滑油,并考察其悬浮稳定性。通过四球摩擦磨损试验机对纳米润滑油进行极压试验和长摩试验,以此来模拟活塞靠近上止点附近时气缸套-活塞环摩擦副处于混合润滑的状态,以及活塞远离上止点时气缸套-活塞环摩擦副处于流体动压润滑的状态,分别考察纳米润滑油的极压性能和减摩性能;采用对置往复摩擦磨损试验机模拟内燃机上止点附近气缸套-活塞环的工作环境,以真实内燃机气缸套-活塞环材料作为摩擦副,进一步考察纳米SiO_2润滑油在变工况条件下(变温度、变速度、变载荷)的润滑摩擦性能,利用场发射扫描电镜FE-SEM观测了气缸套磨损表面的形貌,并分析纳米SiO_2润滑油改善润滑摩擦的机理。试验结果表明:应用纳米SiO_2添加剂可以显著提高基础油在混合润滑状态时的抗磨能力及在流体动压润滑状态时的减摩效果,在最佳添加浓度下,磨斑直径和平均摩擦系数分别下降了51.9%、46.7%;在上止点附近,气缸套-活塞环摩擦副的润滑状态为混合润滑,纳米SiO_2粒子的添加可以显著提高润滑油的抗磨减摩性能,在高温、低速、重载条件下摩擦系数分别下降10.5%、10.3%、5.9%;纳米SiO_2粒子在摩擦过程中在摩擦副表面起到"滚珠轴承"和抛光的复合作用。     

柴油机用润滑油运动粘度的测定

对某型柴油机所用润滑油HC—11进行测定，测出了新油和寿命中期油在不同温度下的粘度值，作出了其粘-温关系曲线，求出了其雷诺粘-温关系表达式，并验证了该表达式的正确性，为进行润滑设计的计算机辅助设计打下了基础。     

机油增效剂改善小型柴油机性能的试验研究

内燃机性能的改善取决于多种因素，其中润滑条件不可忽视。通过两台L195型柴油机的对比试验证明，机油增效剂能提高润滑油的品质，对改善小型柴油机性能和延长其使用寿命具有显著的作用。     

缓释型添加剂对抑制DF4D内燃机车润滑油老化的探讨

本文通过采用在润滑油中加入缓释型抗老化添加剂的办法,从降解润滑油中不溶生成物的角度来抑制DF4D内燃机车柴油机润滑油粘度的增长,达到维持润滑油粘度,减少不正常换油的目的。     

缓释型添加剂对抑制DF4D内燃机车润滑油老化的探讨

本文通过采用在润滑油中加入缓释型抗老化添加剂的办法,从降解润滑油中不溶生成物的角度来抑制DF4D内燃机车柴油机润滑油粘度的增长,达到维持润滑油粘度,减少不正常换油的目的。     

机油增效剂改善小型柴油机性能的试验研究

内燃机性能的改善取决于多种因素,其中润滑条件不可忽视。通过两台L195型柴油机的对比试验证明,机油增效剂能提高润滑油的品质,对改善小型柴油机性能和延长其使用寿命具有显著的作用。     

纳米金属润滑添加剂对发动机油性能影响的研究

采用四球磨损试验机评价了纳米铜-镍粉体在15W／40机油中的极压抗磨性能,用内燃机油曲轴箱模拟测定仪模拟了添加纳米金属粒子的发动机油在高温下氧化形成漆膜和积炭情况,并通过内燃机油氧化安定性试验考察了纳米铜-镍粉体对润滑油氧化安定性的影响。研究结果表明,添加极少量的纳米金属粒子就可以提高发动机油的减摩抗磨性能;但是清净性能有所降低;试样试验前后氧化安定性几乎没有变化,添加极少量的纳米铜-镍粒子对发动机油防锈、抗腐蚀性能没有产生不利的影响。     

基于显著性检验的某柴油机润滑油添加剂元素监测研究

采用油料发射光谱仪对柴油机润滑油添加剂元素浓度开展了基于统计学的正态分布检验和显著性检验。结果表明:在试验室条件下，部分工况对柴油机润滑油添加剂元素P、Ca、Ba浓度有显著性影响；对于某船舶实际使用的柴油机润滑油，润滑油种类对添加剂元素浓度有显著性影响。     

Comparison among electric generators fueled with different vegetable oils by means of the antioxidant level analysis in lubricating oil

In Italy the use of vegetable oils for energy production is widespread and rapidly increasing especially in small power plants. Some studies have investigated long-term engine performance, and have highlighted some problems connected with the use of vegetable oils. In particular the quality of the engine lubricating oil is important. In this paper this quality has been monitored by remaining useful life (RUL) through the level of the antioxidant additive in the lubricating oil. The study was carried out on two electric generators of 350 kW power fueled with refined sunflower and palm oils. The good mathematical relationships found between RUL and engine operating time could be used as reference to optimize the lubricating oil change and to identify the beginning of problems or defects affecting the engine. These possibilities could eliminate the need for scheduled oil changes and save operating costs. This aspect is particularly important for small power plants where maintenance and lubricating oil costs are not negligible.     

发动机润滑油的环境影响

从润滑油的基础油与添加剂的组成和内燃机工作过程中气体污染物与微粒的生成机理出发,分析了润滑油对内燃机气体污染物、微粒物和后处理装置的影响。对内燃机使用中和报废后的废弃润滑油对水系或土壤等的环境影响也进行了分析。结果表明,随着排放标准的不断加严,润滑油对内燃机污染物生成量及后处理系统性能的影响逐渐变大．控制发动机润滑油的环境危害变得更为紧迫。     

碱性添加剂对润滑油性能影响的研究

随着润滑油工业的发展,含有金属离子的碱性添加剂已经成为润滑油工业不可缺少的添加成分.碱性添加剂大大改善了润滑油的性能,使其使用寿命大大延长,并起到了保护发动机的作用,但过量的碱性添加剂对发动机后处理会带来负面影响.本文就碱性添加剂对机油使用性能的影响,通过试验的方式加以验证,并对实际的机油使用提出建议.     

Tribological properties of onion like fullerenes and NiFe2O4 nanocomposites in reciprocating motion

A novel way for a compressor to improve its coefficient of performance and enhance its reliability by employing nano-refrigeration lubricant oil was proposed. Onion like fullerenes (OLFs) and NiFe₂O₄ nano-composites, modified by Span 80, were dispersed in refrigeration oil KFR22 by solid grinding (SG). Morphologies of NiFe₂O₄ nano-composites were characterized by using transmission electron microscope (TEM). The tribological properties as a refrigeration lubricants additive were investigated using SRV (II), a multi-functional reciprocating friction and wear tester. The results showed that the friction coefficient was decreased from 0.15 to 0.04.     

Biodiesel improves lubricity of new low sulphur diesel fuels

In this work, biodiesel from waste vegetable oil was used as an additive in low sulphur diesel fuel in automobile engines. The result was a fuel mixture with high lubricating power. According to the lubrication trials, the experimental mixtures complied with lubricity conditions established by European regulations, even when only a small quantity of biodiesel was used. It was also found that the mixtures were compatible with different engine gaskets and engine lubricant. Lastly, bench tests were performed using an automobile engine with mixtures of diesel fuel without conventional lubricant additive and biodiesel. The results showed that engine performance curves were very similar to those obtained with diesel fuel and that contaminating emissions from the engine decreased substantially by including biodiesel in the fuel, except for nitrogen oxides.     

Study on lubrication performance of hydrostatic clearance oil film considering multi-factor coupling

The lubricating performance of the clearance oil film determines the machining accuracy of the hydrostatic thrust bearing and the stability of the oil film. From the perspective of working parameters and cavity structure, based on tribological principles and lubrication theory, the clearance oil film temperature rise equation, pressure equation, and viscosity-temperature equation are deduced, and the relationship between load-rotating speed-oil film thickness for different cavity shapes is matched. Through the combination of simulation and experiment, the multi-factor coupling influences on the lubricating performance of the clearance oil film are studied. The study found that the degree of influence on the clearance oil film temperature is in order: rotational speed, hydraulic oil viscosity, load, and cavity depth, and the degree of influence on the clearance oil film pressure is in order: load, hydraulic oil viscosity, rotational speed, and cavity depth. This work provides a theoretical basis for the research and optimization of the lubrication performance of hydrostatic thrust bearings, and provides a research direction for the machining accuracy and running stability of high-speed and heavy-duty CNC equipment.