"居住建筑设计原理"课程教学改革新思路

在分析了目前建筑学专业"居住建筑设计原理"这门课程在教学中存在的问题的基础上,提出了在居住建筑日新月异发展变化的现阶段,"居住建筑设计原理"课程在内容更新、大纲制定、理论联系实践,以及教学方法考核办法等方面进行改革的新思路.     

Linux操作系统课程过渡-浸没式双语教学研究

近年来,我国的计算机技术在许多科学技术和国民经济领域中得到广泛应用,但是核心技术掌控在欧美国家手里,而且这些技术资料大多是英文材料.高校开展专业课双语教学可以引导学生学习怎样直接吸收国外的信息资料,便于他们以后能够顺利地自主学习国外的新技术.高等教育实施专业教育与外语教育为一体的"双语授课"已成为更直接、更迅速、更有效的传栽前沿知识信息的教学手段.作为计算机操作系统课程,推行这一教学方法的必要性尤为突出.     

建筑学教学改革与建设

随着教育改革的不断深入，国家对建筑学专业教育确立的目标是：加强对学生知识、素质和能力的综合培养，注重建筑师的职业化教育，加快与国际化的接轨。90年代以来，我院对建筑学专业的教学进行了一系列重大改革和建设。在建筑学专业教学的指     

“新工科”背景下建筑学专业建筑结构课程教学

基于教育部提出的"新工科"建设,应满足学生"求知、增能、成才"的需求。基于文献统计法,以"建筑结构"、"建筑结构课程"为关键词,获取建筑结构涉及内容和课程改革方向。剖析了传统工科建筑学专业建筑结构课程在教学过程中存在的问题,主要包括学生学习兴趣缺乏、力学基础薄弱、教学手段单一、传统工程教育模式弊端等。结合智慧建筑与智能城市,提出了建筑结构课程教学改革方案,优化课程内容,丰富教学手段等,以期为建筑类专业工程教育教学改革提供借鉴。     

先学后教自主学习

在学习新课改理念的过程中,每一位课程的实施者都会深刻地感受到,贯彻各科课程的理念均是以"学生为本,以促进学生主动发展为本"的新理念.新课程要求教师由传统的知识传授者转变为学生的学习组织者.教师作为学生学习的组织者一个非常重要的任务就是为学生提供自主学习、合作交流的空间与时间.为此,本文结合在日常教学实践中的探索,就小学数学教学中如何培养学生自主学习的能力进行阐述.     

基于成果导向的混合式教学研究与实践

为适应新形势下人才培养"成果导向"的要求,结合金属学及热处理课程特点,开展了混合式教学。充分尊重学生个体的独立性,以学生为中心设计教学活动,在自主探究过程中建构知识体系,工程素养和创新能力在循序渐进的教学中得到提升。     

工程教育专业认证背景下专业课程评估与改进方法

以辽宁科技大学矿物加工工程专业浮选课程为例,阐述了课程目标设计与毕业要求能力达成之间的关系,分析了基于专业认证的课程目标评价实施方法和改进措施。为精准设计课堂教学环节,发挥学生自主思考的积极作用,以及养成科学的思维方式和灵活应用知识的能力提供一个专业课程评估分析与改进的参考范例。     

浅谈初中科学教学中对学生自学能力的培养

自主学习是初中科学新<课程标准>中所倡导的一种学习方式与理念,是发展学生潜能的载体,也是当代课程改革的重要内容.它是通过老师在科学教学中的主观引导,调动学生学习的主观能动性,是培养学生能够提出问题,培养积极学习态度的重要方式.反观当前课堂,普遍存在"一本书.一言堂、一锅煮"的传统教育教学模式,而忽视学生主体性的发挥,这与具有发散学生思维与培养创新能力的科学学科目标是相违背的,因此在科学课程中对于培养学生的自主学习能力改革已经势在必行.为此,我就如何在科学课堂中提升学生自主学习能力所需要采取的应对措施进行了探索.     

浅谈新课标下的物理教学

在物理教学中应逐步适应"课程标准"的要求,"以学生发展为本"的教育理念.根据"新课程标准"课程基本理念,物理课程应以提高全体学生的科学素质为主要目标,满足每个学生发展的基本需求,改变学科本位的观念,全面提高公民的科学素质.那么,在物理教学过程中,应该以学生为主体,充分发挥学生在学习中的主体地位和能动作用.     

浅谈新课程理念下高中物理探究式教学

探究式教学是以探究为基本特征的一种教学活动形式,符合教学改革的精神和实际,能使班级教学焕发出生机勃勃的活力.在物理课程中指导学生进行科学探究,是让学生像科学工作者进行科学研究一样,通过自主的探究活动,学习物理概念和物理规律,在探究和获取知识的同时,体会科学家研究科学时的探究过程,培养学生的科学探究能力、科学态度和科学精神,达到对学生情感、态度.价值观的最终培养.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.