基于局部增强和阈值分割的芯线彩色图像分割算法

不同颜色芯线的有效识别是制约数据线生产自动化的关键因素之一;阈值分割是一种简单有效地图像分割算法,但对于颜色信息较多的情况鲁棒性较差;基于指数函数的增强图像可以有效地放大和突出感兴趣的图像区域;本文提出了一种结合局部增强和阈值分割的分割算法,通过对图像进行局部增强以放大感兴趣灰度区域,然后再通过阈值分割的方式筛选出目标区域;该方法能够快速有效地分割出多种颜色区域,也具有良好的鲁棒性.     

基于形态学Top-Hat算子实现运动图像的分割与识别

针对高速运动图像的目标识别问题,首先运用数学形态学方法进行预处理,然后采用阈值分割对待识别图像进行二值化处理,最后,对分割后的图像进行链码跟踪,利用Hu不变矩识别运动目标。试验结果表明,通过设计特殊的结构元素,利用数学形态学的Top-Hat算子,可以对高速运动图像进行有效分隔,利用Hu不变矩能够快速准确的识别空间运动目标。     

灰度形态学滤波的红外运动小目标检测方法

针对空中红外图像中运动小目标的特征，提出一种采用灰度形态学滤波的背景抑制方法对图像进行处理，再利用自适应阈值分割方法对图像进行阈值分割的帧内检测方法；实践证明该技术能有效提高图像的信噪比，从而达到有效分割和快速检测小目标的目的。     

基于高斯金字塔和视觉显著性的色织物疵点检测

目的为了提高色织物疵点检测的准确率。方法提出一种基于高斯金字塔和视觉显著性的色织物疵点检测方法。首先预处理待检测色织物图像,削弱不均匀光照和环境造成的影响;再对预处理后的图像进行灰度化,接着对灰度图进行高斯金字塔分层,然后对分层后的图像进行显著性处理,以获取图像的显著图;最后利用迭代阈值分割的方法对显著图进行阈值分割,得到色织物图像的疵点区域。结果将该方法与其他色织物疵点检测方法进行对比可知,检测的效果明显优于其他方法,疵点检测的准确率为91.25%。结论该方法可以有效地对色织物疵点进行检测,将疵点区域提取出来,为色织物后续生产中的加工处理提供有用信息。     

DNA遗传算法的改进二维最大熵图像分割

传统的二维最大熵图像分割算法在求解阈值时将二维直方图的噪声和边缘区域近似为零,降低了分割精度。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种基于DNA遗传算法的改进二维最大熵快速图像分割算法。利用梯度-均值灰度直方图得到有用区域,并以改进的二维最大熵作为优化函数,采用DNA计算遗传算法得到二维最优阈值。实验表明该算法对图像分割去噪能力强,分割效果好,以及快速有效处理能力。     

遗传算法在易拉罐罐盖喷码系统中的应用

目的为实现饮料易拉罐拉环背部激光打码的自动化,提出一种基于遗传算法的易拉罐罐盖图像识别新方法。方法首先搭建一套易拉罐盖激光自动打码机,基于所搭建的实验系统,利用CCD相机实时采集罐盖图像。对所采集到的图像进行中值滤波和灰度增强处理,在此基础上,研究基于遗传算法的罐盖图像阈值分割新方法,分析、确定算法的关键参数(个体数目、交叉率、变异率等),由此得到罐盖的二值化图像,并对算法处理结果进行误差分析。结果遗传算法经过约15代的迭代计算,能够收敛,获取到最优的图像阈值,整个算法的运行时间约30 ms,最终的图像精度约为7.9 pixel。结论基于遗传算法的图像阈值分割实时性好,分割后的图像精度高,与传统的Ostu阈值分割法相比,得到的信息更加丰厚,能抑制光线不均所造成的图像干扰。同时对遗传算法阈值分割后的图像进行了sobel边缘检测,得到了清晰的罐盖边缘,为激光打码的准确定位奠定了基础。     

一种有效的红外图像中人造目标分割方法

提出一种红外图像单阈值分割方法。为了减少计算量,结合先验信息选择包含待分割目标的感兴趣区域,利用Bezier曲线法平滑感兴趣区域直方图的噪声;对平滑后的感兴趣区域的直方图求解其曲率曲线,用曲率曲线的波峰所对应的灰度值作为初始分割阈值;基于先验信息从初始分割阈值中确定最佳分割阈值并进行初步分割。为了弥补单纯利用阈值法分割的缺陷,结合上述分割结果和目标的边缘信息得到封闭性良好的完整目标的二值图像。实验结果表明,提出的方法能快速有效地将红外目标从复杂的背景中分割出来,算法的计算复杂度为O(MN)。     

EMS表单中手写体中文识别图像预处理方法研究

目的在脱机手写体文字识别系统中,由于自由书写的字符不可避免地受到图像背景不均匀、图像倾斜和字符粘连及大小不一等因素的影响,为了确保字符切分和识别的正确性,对EMS表单中手写体汉字字符图像预处理方法进行探讨,展示了EMS表单图像预处理的全过程。方法采用最小二乘法作拟合直线的方法,对目标图像进行定位和分割,用基于大津阈值的分块阈值算法处理目标图像的背景不均问题,并减少噪声干扰。结果该图像预处理方法在1020张真实EMS图像上进行测试,识别正确率达到了86.3%。结论该方法有一定的灵活性和抗干扰性,减少了图像噪声对汉字字符切分和识别的影响。     

结合遗传算法与方向图法的指纹图像分割

指纹作为人体的重要特征，由于其唯一性和终生不变性，越来越成为生物测定技术的重要手段，在自动指纹识别中，指纹图像分割是图像预处理中关键的一环，不仅能够对图像信息进行压缩，保留脊谷线的主要信息，同时能够去除大量的粘连，加速后续处理的速度和提高指纹特征提取和匹配的精度，将基于遗传算法的阈值分割方法和方向图法相结合对指纹图像进行分割。     

基于机器视觉的二维图像质量缺陷检测研究进展

目的 机器视觉图像处理技术是近年在图像处理领域发展起来的一门新兴边缘交叉学科，二维图像的质量检测是印刷行业中必不可少的环节，分析基于机器视觉的二维图像质量缺陷检测流程，探索影响基于机器视觉的二维图像质量缺陷检测精度的相关因素，为后续研究印刷品的二维图像自动化检测和质量控制提供参考。方法 在此基础上，围绕图像预处理中的灰度转换、噪声过滤、固定阈值分割、自适应阈值分割、Otsu法及边缘检测，对图像配准中的基于灰度统计信息分布配准方法、基于特征的图像配准方法进行总结，然后归纳分析图像的缺陷提取和分类。结论 以实际例子对上述研究内容进行了提炼，通过图像预处理中的噪声过滤为后续缺陷提取提供清晰图像，减少伪影干扰；通过图像预处理中的灰度变换、阈值分割、感兴趣区域提取减少系统处理时间，为实现高效的缺陷检测奠定了坚实的基础；通过图像配准消除了机械振动引起的图像位置偏移，确保后续缺陷提取的准确性；通过图像缺陷提取和分类帮助印刷企业找出生产问题，提供有针对性的改进措施，可为生产高质量产品提供支持。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to