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本文主要论述了目前世界上应用模型化合物研究煤液化过程的概况。研究内容包括:全煤结构经合物的研究,煤液化时桥键裂解过程的作用,氢转移及煤和溶剂之间的相互作用,以及利用模型化合物考查煤液化中缩聚反应的研究等。并指出利用模型化合物研究煤液化的局限性。 相似文献
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对霍林河14煤、补连塔2-2煤和新疆41煤三个不同变质程度煤样,分别进行了加氢液化实验.结果表明,三种煤样的油产率和转化率高低顺序为霍林河14煤、新疆41煤、补连塔2-2煤,并采用红外光谱实验方法对三种煤样液化的差异进行了分析.分析认为,煤中芳香氢和脂氢强度的不同是导致不同煤液化转化率和油收率差异的重要原因;羟基和含氧官能团的丰度则对不同煤液化水产率的高低和气体产物中CO2和CO气体的多少具有较高的影响;此外,利用三个煤样的元素分析数据和红外光谱实验结果,采用Chem3D软件分别模拟建立了三种煤样的分子结构,通过与实验数据比较,认为所建立的煤分子结构比较合理. 相似文献
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模型化合物在煤液化研究中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文主要论述了目前世界上应用模型化合物研究煤液化过程的概况。研究内容包括:全煤结构模型化合物的研究,煤液化时桥键裂解过程的作用,氢转移及煤和溶剂之间的相互作用,以及利用模型化合物考查煤液化中缩聚反应的研究等。并指出利用模型化合物研究煤液化的局限性。 相似文献
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在0.5L搅拌式高压釜上开展了中温煤焦油与新疆黑山煤共处理的实验研究,考察了中温煤焦油添加量对新疆黑山煤制浆性能和液化结果的影响,探索中温煤焦油加工利用新途径.结果表明,添加中温煤焦油增加了油煤浆输送时的黏度,在油煤浆浓度为42%时,中温煤焦油添加量不高于18%.与新疆黑山煤单独液化相比,中温煤焦油与新疆黑山煤共处理具有氢耗、气产率、转化率和油产率高的特点;添加适量的中温煤焦油对新疆黑山煤液化具有正协同效应,添加量大于20%时反而对煤转化不利;最佳添加量为5%,与煤单独处理的结果相比,转化率高1.6%,油产率高1.1%;添加量大于20%时,油收率下降.因此,添加适量的中温煤焦油与新疆黑山煤共处理,既可提高煤的转化率和油收率,又可加工利用中温煤焦油,提高煤直接液化的经济效益. 相似文献
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采用GJ-2型共振搅拌反应釜,首先研究了一定条件下煤液化转化率随时间的变化关系.结果表明,煤液化反应过程中存在着初始高活性反应阶段,而且煤在该阶段完成了绝大部分液化反应;接着研究了氢气在煤液化初始高活性阶段的作用机理.结果如下:1)在无催化液化条件下,氢气在煤液化初始高活性阶段几乎不参与煤液化反应;2)煤液化初始高活性阶段氢气能够快速溶解于煤液化溶剂中,因此氢气的溶解过程不是其未有效参与煤液化反应的主要原因;3)在煤液化初始高活性阶段添加高分散性铁系催化剂和助剂硫,氢气在催化剂作用下参与了煤液化反应,进而使液化总转化率提高7%以上. 相似文献
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离子液体[BMIm]BF_4在神华煤溶胀预处理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([BMIm]BF4)对中国神华煤进行直接液化前的溶胀处理,通过对溶胀度的测定及不同条件下溶胀煤样的直接液化实验,探讨了离子液体[BMIm]BF4在煤溶胀预处理方面的应用.结果表明,离子液体[BMIm]BF4溶胀预处理能破坏煤结构中的弱共价键,使煤的溶胀度获得了显著提高,进而改善了其液化性能,提高了煤的直接液化转化率和油气产率.在溶胀条件方面,随溶胀时间的增加,煤溶胀度和液化转化率提高;而温度对煤溶胀度和液化转化率的影响较复杂,存在一个合适的溶胀温度范围,在此温度之上,溶胀度和液化转化率随温度的升高而降低.而且使用过的[BMIm]BF4可以回收循环使用. 相似文献
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《洁净煤技术》2021,27(4)
为研究新疆淖毛湖煤直接液化反应特性和产品分布规律,在0.5 L间歇式高压釜中,以四氢萘为溶剂,纳米氧化铁为催化剂及S为助剂,考察了不同反应温度、反应时间条件对煤转化率和液化产物收率的影响。结果表明:淖毛湖煤易液化,在反应器温度刚加热到425℃时,煤转化率和液化油收率已分别达到96.6%、56.68%;随着反应温度的升高以及反应时间的延长,煤转化率、氢耗、气体产率、油收率逐渐增加,而沥青类物质产率下降,水产率基本保持不变;当反应温度进一步增加以及反应时间继续延长,轻质油将会发生裂解,导致气体产率进一步增加,而油收率有所降低。当反应温度为455℃、反应时间为80 min时,煤转化率达到99.6%,油、沥青和气体收率分别为73.42%、1.64%、16.61%,氢耗为4.85%。基于液化试验结果,建立了5集总的反应动力学模型,采用优化算法获得动力学模型参数,煤转化率、沥青类物质和油气收率的模拟值和试验值的相对误差分别为0.5%、1.0%、8.0%。 相似文献
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Steps are now being taken to define in more detail the phenomenology of coal liquefaction and to provide a scientific basis for empirical correlations previously established between liquefaction conversion and basic compositional characteristics of coals. The rates of production of oils, asphaltenes and preaphaltenes have been determined at four temperatures for three coals, two of Carboniferous and one of Creaceousage. Products are formed more slowly from the younger coal (which is of slightly lower rank) than from the others, but oxygen, partly as OH but probably mostly in a type of ether, is lost more rapidly. It is estimated that the maximum content of O as cleavable ether is 7.7 atoms/100 C atoms for the younger coal (from Wyoming) and 4.1 and 5.1 for the other two (from Oklahoma and Ohio, respectively). Until ≈ 50% of the amount present in the Oklahoma coal is lost, the rates of removal of oxygen and organic sulphur are approximately equal; beyond this level, the removal of S is more rapid. The loss of organic sulphur from the Ohio coal is slightly faster. Even so, the data do not support the idea that cleavage of thioethers is more rapid than that of ethers and that this is the basic reason why a high organic sulphur content tends to promote liquefaction. Conversion of the pyrite in the Ohio coal to pyrrhotite occurs considerably more rapidly than the pyrite in the Oklahoma coal. In preliminary experiments, it is shown that a curve-resolving programme allows two aromatic and five aliphatic C-H stretching vibrations to be distinguished in FTIR spectra of the hexane-insoluble products, and the distribution changes with degree of conversion. In particular, there is evidence that new aryl methyl are generated during liquefaction, in agreement with evidence from oxidation studies. 相似文献
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Single and multi-stage liquefaction of Shenhua (SH) bituminous coal and re-liquefaction of its liquefaction residue (SHLR) were carried out in an autoclave reactor to investigate the essential approach for promoting oil yield and conversion in SH coal direct liquefaction (SHDL). The multi-stage liquefaction includes pretreatment, keeping the reactor at 250 °C for 40 min before heating up to the reaction temperature, and two-stage liquefaction processes consisting of low temperature stage, 400 °C, and high temperature stage, 460 °C. The results show that the pretreatment has slight effect on oil yield and conversion of SHDL, especially for liquefaction at 460 °C. There is a positive function of two-stage liquefaction in shortening reaction time at high temperature. Increasing ratio of solvent to SHLR can promote the oil yield and abate reaction condition in SHLR re-liquefaction, that is, it can promote the conversion from preasphaltene and asphaltene to oil. The primary factor to inhibit coal liquefaction is the consumption of hydrogen free radical (H·) from solvent or H2 and condensation of free radicals from coal pyrolysis after a period of reaction. So the essential approach for increasing oil yield and conversion of SHDL is to provide enough H· to stabilize the free radicals from coal pyrolysis. 相似文献