针织纱的动态力学性能研究

阐述了美国劳森-谱希尔公司生产的CTT纱线性能测试仪的测试原理、方法、条件和试样准备,使用该测试仪测试了不同线密度、不同捻度、不同纺纱方法纺出的针织纱的动态力学性能,由测试结果得出:纱线的线密度、捻度、断裂强力和纱线的纺纱方法均对纱线的动态强力有着较大影响。     

锦纶/棉短纤/锦纶长丝赛络菲尔纺复合纱的制备及性能

为提高锦纶短纤维纱线的多样性,设计锦纶/棉短纤/锦纶长丝赛罗菲尔纺复合纱。探究了锦纶的抗静电方法,分析了不同细度纱线的性能,同时将锦纶环锭纺纱和赛络纺的性能进行对比。结果表明:混入20%棉纤维和对锦纶短纤进行抗静电剂处理能够解决锦纶抗静电问题;细度为24. 6 tex、捻度为79个捻回/10 cm时,纱线性能最优异;锦纶长丝的加入使得锦纶短纤纱的强力性能得到显著提升、毛羽降低。     

数据驱动与有限元仿真融合的纱线断裂强力分析方法

为揭示机器人运动速度等参数对纱线性能的影响规律,考虑纱线夹持长度与拉伸速度对断裂强力分布的影响,分析了动态环境下环锭纺细纱断裂强力的分布特征。首先设计拉伸实验对环锭纺细纱性能进行分析,并构建了环锭纺短纤纱本构模型表征其强伸性能。其次建立有限元仿真模型模拟短纤纱的断裂过程,揭示了纤维间载荷传播的规律和纱体结构演化的4个阶段模型。最后对纱线强力数据的统计特征进行分析,建立了其分布参数模型。结果表明,分布检验与威布尔分布相比,对数正态分布的拟合误差最小,残差平方和为0.000 6,进一步提高了动态环境下环锭纺细纱强力预测的可靠性。     

赛络菲尔纺包芯竹节纱纺纱技术的探讨

为在纺制复合纱线的同时探索纺制纱线的最佳纺纱工艺,结合赛络菲尔纺纱、包芯竹节纺纱,采用了改变纱线的捻系数和细纱后区牵伸倍数的几个不同试验方案;测试了根据不同方案纺制出的纱线的线密度、竹节粗度、纱线强力、捻度和毛羽性能;通过试验得出纺纱捻系数为380、后牵伸倍数为1．30的最佳纺纱工艺。     

改性共聚酯纱线结构及其性能分析

探究了不同改性共聚酯纤维在相同纺纱工艺条件下纯纺纱线的结构及性能,并与相同工艺下的纯棉和纯涤纱线作对比,分析比较了短纤纱间的性能差异,再对其中2#改性共聚酯纤维与棉不同混纺比的混纺纱进行结构性能分析。发现:纯纺纱中,共聚改性聚酯2#短纤纱强力较纯棉低,仿棉聚酯3#、4#纱线单强高于纯棉;各共聚改性纤维间纯纺纱线条干差异不大,但均较纯涤、纯棉纱线差;混纺纱中,断裂强度随着棉的含量增加而增大,断裂伸长率则相反;随着棉含量增加,纱线条干性能整体变优。     

纤维勾接强力对纱线强力的影响

纱线强力是衡量纱线性能优劣的重要指标.但在实践中采用高强纤维纺纱有时却纺不出高强纱线.文章通过理论分析发现,纱线中纤维不但受到轴向拉力的作用,还受到垂直于纤维轴向的剪切力以及剪切力所产生的弯曲力矩、加捻所产生的扭转力矩的作用,因而纱线强力与纤维的耐弯曲破坏性能有关.用实验得到的数据进行线性回归分析证明,用来表示纤维耐弯曲破坏性能的勾接强度和单纱强度之间存在着较高的相关性,而纤维的轴向拉伸强度与其单纱强度之间的相关性较小,说明纤维的勾结强度比拉伸强度对纱线强度的影响程度要大.因此,在确定纱线捻度等纺纱工艺参数时,对于勾接强度较低的脆性纤维,应采用较小的捻系数.     

劲态下纺织结构的破坏

纱线断裂的机理：拉伸载荷下纤维断裂／滑移的百分比决定了短纤纱的强度。纱线断裂时显著的高比例纤维断裂导致了较高的纤维向纱线的强度的转移。材料在运动状态时发生破坏的机理是动态破坏机理，这与材料的使用性能有很好的联系提出了有关纺织结构（条子、粗纱和短纤纱）动态破坏机理中应用的各种理论和试验工作。探讨了材料、纺纱和测试参数对动态破坏机理的影响.     

不同纺纱方法的成纱机理及纱线耐磨性能研究

探讨传统环锭纺、集聚纺、赛络纺、集聚赛络纺、喷气涡流纺的成纱机理以及纱线耐磨性能。用这5种方法纺100%新疆长绒棉精梳11.6tex纱。对比测试了纱线的条干、毛羽、强力和耐磨性。结果表明:集聚赛络纱的各项质量指标和耐磨性均优于其他纺纱。虽然喷气涡流纱的强力和条干不如传统环锭纱,但是耐磨性和毛羽比传统环锭纱好。认为:在集聚纺、赛络纺、集聚赛络纺这样一些环锭纺纱新技术的纺纱过程中,集聚和并合作用都能提高纱线的耐磨性,集聚程度对纱线的耐磨性影响较大,并合作用相对较小。两种同时采用时,改善耐磨性的效果最好。同原料同号棉纱,其耐磨性与条干、强力、毛羽等性能呈现一定的相关关系,条干好、强力高、毛羽少的纱线耐磨性较好。     

气流导向装置对紧密纺负压分布影响及其成纱性能

为改善气流对紧密纺成纱质量的影响，设计了一款气流导向元件，通过改变气流对纱线的作用方向，探究气流导向元件对成纱质量的影响及其成纱原理。针对不同线密度的纺纱工艺，设计了相应的试验方案，并开展了对比研究，以评估所纺不同线密度纱线的条干、毛羽和强力性能。结果表明：气流导向装置可以显著改善纱线的机械性能。相较于传统紧密纺纱线，新式纺纱线在强力和毛羽方面表现得更加优异，但条干性能方面略有降低。同时，随着所纺纱线线密度的降低，强力的提高效果更加明显，而毛羽改善效果则随着线密度的增大而变得更好。在纺7.4 tex纱线时，强力提高了7.4%,同时3 mm毛羽降低了16.0%;在纺14.8 tex纱线时，强力提高了3.0%,同时3 mm毛羽降低了58.1%。     

纺锭油剂对喷气涡流纺生产效率的影响

探讨纺锭油剂对喷气涡流纺粘胶短纤纱生产效率的影响。介绍了喷气涡流纺纱的成纱机理。阐明了保证纺锭表面光滑洁净对纺纱高效生产的重要性。以粘胶短纤纱为研究对象,通过更改纺纱速度和是否添加纺锭油剂,制备了3种试样并测试对比了各纱样的质量指标。认为:在喷气涡流纺粘胶短纤纱生产过程中,保证纱线质量不变的前提下,在纺锭表面添加油剂有助于提高纺纱速度,提升生产效率,具有较高的生产实践价值。     

The Influence of the Spinning Process,Yarn Linear Density,and Fibre Properties on the Hairiness of Ring-spun and Rotor- spun Cotton Yarns

Cotton–spun yarns from 34 staple stocks were manufactured by means of the ring–spinning process (34 yarns) and a rotor–spinning process (29 yarns) and tested for hairiness with the Shirley Hairiness Meter. For each spinning system, yarns were spun at two values of yarn linear density (15 and 30 tex for ring–spinning and 30 and 50 tex for rotor–spinning), but the twist multiplier was kept constant within the series for each spinning process.

The higher hairiness of ring–spun yarns and an increase ln hairiness with the yarn linear density were confirmed. The effect of the fibre parameters on yarn hairiness explains only about 30% of the total effect for ring–spun yarns and 40% for rotor–spun yarns. Fibre length and its uniformity are the fibre properties having the greatest influence on the hairiness of both ring– and rotor–spun yarns, the Micronaire index having only slight influence on the hairiness of ring–spun yarn.     

Application of air‐jet nozzle in short staple Siro spinning system

With the objective of reducing the hairiness of Siro spun yarns, two types of air‐jet nozzle differing in the angle of sub‐holes and suitable for an air vortex ring spinning system were designed and fabricated. The performance of the JetSiro spinning system on short staple fiber materials and the effects of the different parameters on the hairiness of JetSiro spun yarns, such as nozzle pressure of compressed air, distance between front roller nip and inlet of nozzle, and nozzle structure, were investigated using the Taguchi method. The physical properties of JetSiro spun yarns with those of conventional Siro spun yarns were compared. The results show that the parameters, air pressure and distance between front roller nip and inlet of nozzle have the strongest and weakest effect on yarn hairiness. In addition, the optimum spinning conditions were determined. The application of the air‐jet nozzle exhibits significant reductions in yarn hairiness of 40%. The results revealed no significant effect of the air‐jet nozzle on the yarn tensile properties and evenness.     

转杯纺纱法加工Lyocell针织纱

Lyocell纤维具有优良的物理机械性能,其针织面料在手感和外观等方面的多功能性使其开发应用前景非常广阔。由于转杯纱自身的特点,其针织品品质优越。采用转杯纺纱技术加工28 tex的Lyocell针织纱,探讨前纺工艺及技术措施;通过对各方案试纺对比,研究转杯纺主要工艺参数与成纱质量的关系,为合理选择工艺参数,提高Lyocell转杯纺针织纱的成纱质量提供参考。     

毛粗纺氨纶包芯纱纺纱工艺的研究

文章介绍了在纺制毛粗纺氨纶包芯纱时,氨纶百分含量、预牵伸倍数和捻度对包芯纱强伸性和弹性的影响规律;通过正交试验,分析了捻度、氨纶预牵伸倍数及二者的交互作用对毛/氨包芯纱性能影响的显著程度,并得出在毛粗纺细纱机BC584上纺制毛/氨包芯纱的最优工艺参数.     

聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维阻燃产品加工技术

为提高聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维的可纺性,改善其纱线性能,采用转杯纺纱技术纺制纱线,通过各方案试纺对比,研究了转杯纺主要工艺参数与成纱质量的关系,合理选择工艺参数,提高了聚丙烯腈预氧化纤维的成纱质量。采用PANOF转杯纱开发的织物在阻燃性、耐磨性方面明显优于环锭纱织物。     

A study on siro-, solo-, compact-, and conventional ring-spun yarns. Part I: structural and migratory properties of the yarns

Properties of spun yarns are mainly affected by fiber properties and yarn structure. Yarn structure is principally influenced by the spinning system. In fact, each spinning system tends to produce a distinctive yarn structure. Recent refinements in spinning technologies have yielded significant improvement in yarn structure. Siro, solo and compact spinning are the new spinning systems to have made a breakthrough until recently. Of the various structural parameters for staple yarns, fiber migration has a crucial influence on the yarn mechanical properties. Thus, the need for precise and concise information about fiber migration becomes important for better understanding of yarn structure and hence yarn mechanical behavior. The work presented here aims to analyze fiber migration in siro-, solo-, compact-, and conventional ring-spun yarns by varying the twist factor. The results demonstrate that the siro-spun yarns exhibit the highest fiber migration parameters, followed by compact-spun yarns, solo-spun yarns, and conventional ring-spun yarns.     

Development of biodegradable conductive cotton yarns by in-situ polymerisation of pyrrole

Cotton yarns were modified with pyrrole in the presence of ferric chloride following a dip-nip-dry technique. Treatment of cotton with 23.4% aqueous pyrrole followed by treatment with 40.6% aqueous ferric chloride and subsequent drying in atmospheric air produced balanced improvements in the properties of the yarn such as conductivity, tensile strength and extensibility. Among the three types of yarns such as ring spun, rotor spun and friction spun considered for such treatment, ring spun yarn performed best in respect of conductivity and retention of strength. Examination of surface morphology of yarns by scanning electron microscopy revealed a common discontinuity in the growth of polypyrrole along the length of the yarns spun using friction spinning and rotor spinning systems. Such discontinuity was caused by the wrapper fibres. Ring spun yarn, on the other hand, allowed a continuous spiral growth and deposition of polypyrrole in the inter-fibre space and on the surface of the yarn. Study of pyrrole modified ring spun yarn in a typical photoluminescence system indicated photoluminescence property of such pyrrole-treated cotton yarn.     

绢丝/锦纶长丝sirofil复合纱成纱性能

 以锦纶低弹丝和绢粗纱为原料,纺制不同捻度、不同喂入间距的绢丝/锦纶长丝sirofil复合纱,测试了复合纱的强伸性能、条干不匀和毛羽。通过对实验结果进行方差分析发现,在实验范围内,复合纱成纱强度和断裂伸长率均随纺纱捻度的增加而增加,但纺纱两组分喂入间距对其影响不大;成纱捻度和两组分喂入间距对成纱的条干不匀CV值影响不显著;复合纱的毛羽指数随成纱捻度及两组分在前罗拉处喂入间距的增加均呈现下降趋势。由此得到实验范围内绢丝/锦纶长丝sirofil复合纱的优化纺纱工艺参数:捻度850捻/m,前罗拉喂入间距18 mm。     

亚麻长麻/涤纶长丝复合纱的纺制及其性能比较

为比较不同复合加工方法所纺亚麻长麻/涤纶长丝复合纱的性能,通过现有纺纱设备改造设计了纺纱工艺,纺制了具有相同捻度的5种复合纱;对复合纱的外观特征、拉伸性能和毛羽进行了测试与分析。结果表明:采用不同成纱方法的复合纱均具有明显的捻度分布不匀特征;包缠结构复合纱相对于捻合结构复合纱具有更好的包覆效果;相对于断裂强力而言,复合加工对亚麻纱最小强力的提高效果更好,并可显著降低强力不匀率;除同捻向包缠纱外,各复合纱均可实现免浆织造;赛络菲尔纺和并捻复合对提高成纱断裂伸长率效果显著,而包缠复合降低亚麻纱毛羽的效果最好。     

The effect of air-jet nozzle structural parameters on new cotton rotor-jet spun yarn properties

In this paper, a hybrid spinning system the so-called “rotor-jet spinning method” which utilizes the air-jet nozzle in rotor spinning process is presented. Thus, air-jet nozzles with different structures of 90S, 90Z, 60Z, and 30Z (the values of 90, 60, and 30 are orifice angles and S and Z are air rotational directions) were designed and constructed and then mounted between the take-up nozzle position and doffing tube in a rotor spinning machine. The air-jet pressure was changed at 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.2 and 1.5 bar values. The physical properties of cotton rotor-jet spun yarns with yarn count 20 Tex and nominal yarn twist of 938 TPM were investigated and compared with that of normal rotor-spun yarn. The experimental results indicated that by utilizing a 90Z air-jet nozzle at 1 bar air pressure, the highest yarn tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and twist, and lowest elongation are obtained compared with those of normal rotor as well as rotor-jet spun yarns with 30Z, 60Z, and 90S air-jet nozzle types. However, the rotor-jet spun yarn irregularity produced with 90Z air-jet nozzle is almost identical to normal rotor-spun yarn. It is also shown that the rotor-jet spun yarn hairiness properties which were produced with a 90Z air-jet nozzle at air pressure values of 0.2, 0.5 and 1 bar is almost similar to normal rotor-spun yarn while the lowest yarn hairiness is achieved at air pressure value of 0.8 bar. The experimental results of this paper suggest that the newly developed rotor-jet spun yarn is superior to normal rotor-spun yarn from the point of view of yarn tensile, abrasion resistance, twist, and partially hairiness properties.