轻薄涤棉织物的防紫外线整理

分析了防紫外线整理中防紫外线整理剂UV-531的质量浓度、烘焙温度、烘焙时间、洗涤次数和摩擦次数对涤棉织物紫外线透过率的影响。测试结果表明:当整理剂质量浓度为40 g/L、烘焙温度为100℃、烘焙时间为6 min时,涤棉织物的防紫外线效果能达到非常优异的防护标准,而且织物也具有良好的耐洗涤性和耐磨性。     

GO/氟硅乳液复合亚麻整理剂的拒水防紫外线性能

以氧化石墨烯（GO）为功能填料，氟硅丙烯酸酯（FSiAc）乳液为功能黏合助剂，制备氧化石墨烯/氟硅丙烯酸酯（GO/FSiAc）复合乳液整理剂，并通过轧-烘-焙工艺对亚麻织物进行拒水防紫外线多功能整理。利用FTIR、TEM和DLS表征了GO/FSiAc复合乳液的结构和粒径分布；通过XPS和SEM表征了整理亚麻织物的表面元素和形貌；考察了软单体（BA）和硬单体（MMA）的质量比及GO的质量浓度等对整理亚麻织物的耐热性、拒水性、紫外线防护性能及物理机械性能等应用性能及服用性能的影响。结果表明，GO在FSiAc乳液中良好的分散并均匀地覆盖在亚麻织物表面。当m(BA)∶m(MMA)=7∶3，GO的质量浓度达到4 g/L时，表现出优异的拒水性和防紫外线性能，其水接触角为148.48°，紫外线防护系数（UPF）为179.77，紫外线（UVA）波段的透过率为0.63%。与原始亚麻织物相比，GO/FSiAc复合乳液整理亚麻织物的耐热性、断裂强力和断裂伸长率分别提升了60.67℃、153 N和11.1%，同时保持良好的透气性能。经过20次皂洗测试后，水接触角仍为142.00°，UPF为162.22，UVA波段的透过率为0.94%，说明整理后亚麻织物具有良好的耐久性。     

防紫外线超疏水织物涂层构筑及性能

以羟基氟硅油、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)为原料,制备了含双键的聚氨酯,在整理液中添加紫外线吸收剂(UVA400)和纳米二氧化硅颗粒,以提高涂层的紫外线防护效果和表面粗糙度,通过紫外光引发双键自由基聚合构筑防紫外超疏水织物涂层,并对材料进行了FTIR、SEM、疏水性及紫外线防护性能测试。结果表明:羟基氟硅油和PETA引入到了聚氨酯分子链中;织物表面具有微纳米状凸起,形成了粗糙的表面涂层。当整理液固体组分中w(SiO2)=15%,w(UVA400)=1.5%时,涂层织物的接触角为154?,滚动角为9?,紫外线防护系数(UPF)为72,紫外线A(UV-A)波段的透过率为2.96%,具有超疏水和紫外线防护性能;涂层织物经120h加速老化实验后,接触角为155?,UPF为117,UV-A波段的透过率为2.68%,具有良好的耐久性。     

废渣改性防紫外线复合涂料的研究

通过研究废弃工业炉渣与膨润土的质量比与涂料对紫外线遮挡率的影响,研究一种织物用低成本、高效阻止紫外线透过的废渣改性聚合物基复合涂料。结果表明：当黏土含量一定时,复合涂料中炉渣的比例增加,防紫外线功能提高。     

防晒衣

正所有的衣服都具有防晒能力,但并不是所有衣服都可以称为防晒衣。在GB/T 18830—2009《纺织品防紫外线性能的评定》中明确规定:UPF值大于40,UVA透过率小于5%,同时满足上述两个条件,才能称为"防紫外线产品"。UPF值代表纺织品对紫外线的防护能力,UPF值为皮肤无防护时计算出的紫外线辐射平均效应与皮肤有织物防护时计算出的紫外线辐射平均效应的比值。比如,一件UPF 40的防晒衣代表在该织物的防护下可透过的紫外线强度是原来的1/40。     

改性聚碳酸酯板材的制备及性能研究

采用由丙烯酸类树脂、有机溶剂和紫外线吸收剂(UVA)组成的抗紫外线透明涂层制备改性聚碳酸酯(PC)板材,通过透光率/雾度测定仪、加速老化测试仪、分光光度计研究了涂层对PC板材光学和力学性能的影响。结果表明,抗紫外线涂层与PC板表面具有极佳的附着力,这种涂层具有优异的抗紫外线性能,未涂覆涂层的PC板经紫外光老化120h后黄色指数达到11左右,而涂覆该涂层的PC板的黄色指数仅为1左右,同时该板材能有85%以上的可见光透过率,120h紫外光加速老化后,板材的可见光透过率和力学性能基本保持不变。     

结构参数对尼丝纺织物性能的影响

探讨了织物组织、纱线细度、织物紧度对尼丝纺织物的透湿性、抗紫外线性和折皱回复性的影响。结果表明,缎纹组织的尼丝纺织物的透气性、抗紫外线性和折皱回复性好于斜纹和平纹组织的织物;随着纱线细度的增大,尼丝纺织物的抗紫外线性和折皱回复性越好,透湿性越差;随着织物紧度的增加,尼丝纺织物的透湿性先变好后变差,抗紫外线性变好,折皱回复性变差。     

氧化石墨烯对蚕丝的紫外线防护整理

采用氧化石墨烯（GO）对蚕丝织物进行紫外线防护整理，并对浸渍吸附GO的蚕丝织物进行还原得到还原氧化石墨烯（RGO）整理蚕丝织物。研究了GO和RGO整理蚕丝织物的紫外线防护性能，并测试了RGO整理蚕丝织物的抗紫外耐久性。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和拉曼光谱（Raman）对RGO整理蚕丝织物进行了表征。研究结果表明，GO对蚕丝织物进行浸渍-还原法紫外线防护整理的最佳工艺为GO 0.5g/L，还原剂保险粉1 g/L，还原温度75℃，还原时间5min，整理蚕丝织物的UPF值在40以上，获得优异的紫外线防护效果；相同条件下RGO整理蚕丝织物的紫外线防护性能优于GO整理蚕丝织物，且RGO整理蚕丝织物经多次水洗后抗紫外性能降低很小，说明RGO整理蚕丝织物的耐久性好；由SEM和Raman表征也证实了RGO在蚕丝织物表面的沉积。     

抗紫外线染料研究进展

简单介绍了紫外线对人体的影响和织物抗紫外线的机理。对近年来染料在纺织品抗紫外线方面的研究进行了综述。展望了抗紫外线染料的发展前景。     

抗紫外线染料研究进展

简单介绍了紫外线对人体的影响和织物抗紫外线的机理。对近年来染料在纺织品抗紫外线方面的研究进行了综述。展望了抗紫外线染料的发展前景。     

浅谈工业光总线控制系统的应用

工业光总线控制系统(Industrial Optical bus Control System简称OCS),信号通过光纤传输。将工业光总线技术应用于各工业控制领域,实现了信号可软件配置I/O,具有优异的扩展、扩容性能;光纤传输具有传输效率高,抗电磁干扰能力强,信号衰减少等特点。另外还具有实时诊断功能,可实现设备远程智能调试、故障处理及维护、智能管理设备,而视频监控信号的光纤总线传输方式可实现智慧工厂;一般均冗余配置,信号传输安全可靠;光纤取代铜芯线缆,节省信号传输环节的成本,响应了国家低碳发展号召。     

玻璃光纤制品医用消毒试验分析

通过对玻璃光纤制品进行常规的4种医用消毒试验，发现干热法和湿热法医用消毒对玻璃光纤制品基本无影响，但药物法和辐射法消毒则对玻璃光纤制品产生出不同程度损伤。试验发现，可以通过改变光学玻璃材料或增加表面增强技术等方法适应不同医用消毒方法，并提出了制造适合医用消毒的化学稳定性强的环保型光学玻璃、耐辐射光学玻璃、可拓宽玻璃光纤光传输波段光学玻璃以及研究玻璃光纤束表面增强技术的必要性和时代性。     

Analysis and prediction of the width of spreading carbon fiber tow based on gray system theory

This article studied the effects of the speed of spreading fiber and tension of spreading fiber on the width of spreading carbon fiber tow. Based on the single tension of spreading fiber, the univariate gray prediction model GM (1,1) was established, which showed high feasibility and accuracy. Under different tensions of spreading fiber, the intrinsic correlation of the width sequence were analyzed and the multivariate gray prediction model MGM(1,n) was established to predict width of spreading fiber. By transforming the identity of multiple factors in the uncertainty system, it can overcome the limitation that multiple factors develops without keeping same pace. The analysis shows that there is an intrinsic correlation between the widths of spreading fiber tow under different tensions of spreading fiber. Based on the gray correlation degree and the adjacent sequence, the gray prediction model established has high numerical precision. There is good guiding significance for precision optimization in actual production.     

Studies of the effect of fiber surface and matrix rheological properties on nonwoven reinforced elastomer composites

The influence of fiber type and fiber-surface properties on matrix flow behavior was investigated using structural reaction injection-molding (SRIM). The influence of fiber type, fiber-surface properties, and matrix type on strength properties in elastomeric composites reinforced with nonwoven fibrous structures was investigated using tensile tests on elastomer composite samples from SRIM and latex coagulation (LC) fabrication methods and the microbond strength method on individual fibers. The fibers used were PET, LLDPE, and p-aramid. Fibers were treated with epoxy, styrene, and isocyanate derivatives, which make the surface chemically reactive. Treatments were also made with NaOH and a copolymer of polyester and polyol ether, causing a change in the fiber surface energy. The matrix types were polyurethane elastomer and natural rubber. The results show that the surface treatments which produced a change in the surface energy influenced the flow rate of the matrix polymer during the composite fabrication process. The treatments resulted in chemically reactive fiber surfaces which improved the fiber-matrix bond strength without affecting the Young's modulus of the composite material. Good correlation was found between bond strength and surface energy including the dispersive component of surface energy in the case of polyurethane elastomer and surface-modified PET fibers. The age of the polyurethane matrix has a marked influence on the bond strength. The fiber volume fraction in composites has a strong influence on the Young's modulus of the elastomer composite. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

短玻纤填充聚丙烯复合材料的动态黏弹性及剪切流变行为

研究了短玻纤填充聚丙烯(PP)复合材料的剪切流变行为,特别是纤维长度、纤维长度分布、纤维含量等因素对复合材料的黏弹性能的影响。结果表明,复合材料的稳态剪切黏度、储能模量和损耗模量随着玻纤含量的增加、玻纤长度的增加、玻纤长度分布的增加而提高,这与材料中纤维形成的结构松弛时间变长有关。     

Influence of fiber wettability on the interfacial adhesion of continuous fiber‐reinforced PPESK composite

Interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix has a strong influence on composite mechanical performance: better interfacial adhesion can enhance composite transverse properties, flexural properties, and interlaminar shear strength, and so on. To exploit the reinforcement potential of the fibers in advanced composite, it is necessary to reach a deeper understanding on the relation between fiber wettability and interfacial adhesion. In our experiment, we study the influence of fiber wettability on interfacial properties of fiber/PPESK composites by choosing three kinds of fibers with different wettabilities. The relation between fiber wettability and surface free energy was discussed, and the influence of fiber wettability on the interfacial property of fiber/PPESK composites was analyzed. Results indicate that higher surface free energy can enhance the wettability between fiber and matrix, and the humid resistance and interfacial adhesion can be improved at the same time. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2544–2551, 2006     

Electron‐beam curing of thick thermoset composites: Effect of temperature and fiber

Electron‐beam curing of thermoset resins used in fiber‐reinforced composites has been investigated. Two resins, a bisphenol‐A acrylate and methacrylate, were used as model systems. The temperature was monitored during cure to know the thermal history of the composite during cure. The thermo‐mechanical properties were measured on the cured samples. It could be seen that all these values were influenced by the nature (glass or carbon) and amount (0–50 wt.‐%) of fiber. A linear correlation was found between the maximum temperature during cure and the glass transition temperature. It was shown that it is possible to compensate for a lack of heat during cure in systems with too low exotherms. Some influence on the network homogeneity was also noticed when the thermal energy available during cure was too low.     

聚丙烯纤维混凝土路面的力学性能

素混凝土材料具有抗拉强度低、易开裂以及脆性大的缺点，在混凝土中加入聚丙烯纤维可改善性能。本文对聚丙烯纤维混凝土的抗压强度和抗折强度力学性能进行了试验研究，可知纤维掺量和养护龄期对聚丙烯纤维混凝土的力学性能影响很大，聚丙烯纤维的经济适用掺量取1．5％左右为宜。     

Effect of the Preparation Conditions of Carbon Fiber Adsorbents on Their Adsorption Capacity

Carbon fiber adsorbents based on hydrated cellulose fiber, in which the transport porosity is absent, due to which the micropores become readily accessible towards adsorptive molecules have been studied. The aim of this work is to study the influence of the conditions of sorbent synthesis on their adsorption properties. The state of the surface of pristine carbon fiber has been determined, and the porous structure of activated carbon fibers has been estimated. It has been found that, when activating the cloth with a temperature of heat treatment of 1070–1270 K, it becomes possible to obtain the adsorbent with good molecular-sieve characteristics, although with the relatively small micropore volume. It has been suggested that it is linked with the restructuring of the carbon fiber structure that takes place at the activation temperature in cloths. During the study, it has been experimentally found and confirmed that the adsorption properties of sorbents obtained differ depending on the synthesis conditions and the surface state.     

纤维对3D打印混凝土打印性能与力学性能的影响

为了研究纤维掺入对3D打印混凝土(3DPC)性能的影响,通过掺入聚乙烯醇(PVA)、聚丙烯(PP)纤维以及剑麻纤维,探究了纤维对3DPC流变性能、打印性能、力学性能以及孔结构的影响规律。流变性能测试结果表明,3DPC的静态屈服应力与三种纤维的掺量均呈线性上升关系,但纤维对3DPC流变性能的影响程度有所差异。打印性能测试结果表明PVA纤维的掺入会降低3DPC的可挤出性,但能明显提高挤出后混凝土的尺寸均匀性。力学性能与孔结构的测试结果表明,PP纤维对3DPC抗压强度有明显的提升效果,剑麻纤维对3DPC抗折强度有最显著的增强效果,而纤维掺量提高会降低3DPC表观密度,使内部孔隙率增加,从而导致高掺量纤维的增强效果弱于低掺量纤维。