视距相关信道下考虑非理想CSI的多用户MIMO收发联合设计

在FDD模式多用户MIMO(Multi-input Multi-output)系统下行链路中,由于信道估计、反馈信道等存在误差,使得发送端获取理想信道状态信息(CSI,channel state information)十分困难。针对获得非理想CSI的多用户MIMO系统,考虑在基站和各用户的天线分别具有相关性并引入视距分量的信道条件下,提出了一种新的基于块对角化的MMSE准则收发联合设计算法。该算法首先通过块对角化消除用户间的共信道干扰,然后针对存在信道估计误差的用户信道依据MMSE准则分别迭代求解每个用户预编码和解码矩阵。论文设计出一种基于训练序列的信道估计误差算法,并获得等效信道模型,使得收发端获得的信道状态信息更有实际意义。本文假设反馈信道理想,发射端可以完整得到信道估计矩阵。在MMSE准则下,推导获得了Lagrange乘子的解析解,避免了求解非线性方程的复杂过程,显著降低了计算复杂度。和已有算法相比,该算法不仅可以获得良好的误码性能还可以对各用户进行独立优化,处理更加灵活。仿真分析了视距分量、信道相关性以及信道估计误差对算法性能的影响。仿真结果表明,该算法误码性能良好,算法收敛快,并且对信道估计误差带来的影响有较好的抑制作用。      

MIMO-OFDM系统自适应资源分配算法研究

针对MIMO—OFDM系统的自适应调制问题,在完全已知信道状态和满足固定速率以及给定的误比特率的约束下以最小化发射功率为目的,文中提出了一种新的低复杂度的自适应算法,即M—P算法。该算法是对Hughes—Hartogs算法和变步长算法进行功率分配和步长加栽的改进。仿真结果表明,该算法在降低复杂度的同时提高了系统的性能。     

低复杂度上行多用户MIMO检测算法

针对上行多用户MIMO系统,提出了一种新的空时检测算法.算法首先对接收信号进行线性重组,然后采用正交于各用户干扰集的匹配滤波向量来消除多用户间干扰,最后各用户利用等效信道的正交性实现线性译码.给出了非理想信道环境下算法的设计.理论分析及仿真结果表明,该算法具有复杂度低和顽健性好的优势,且性能优于其他检测算法.     

双向中继系统用户联合预编码与检测算法研究

双向中继协同通信系统的两用户节点通过中继节点相互交换信息,显示了其在频谱效率上的优势。在系统装备多天线的情况下,为进一步改善误比特率性能,论文提出一种基于格规约算法的用户联合预编码与检测算法。该算法通过一次复数域格规约处理来提高信道增益矩阵的正交性,预编码和检测算法联合应用处理后的矩阵,中继节点仅需要对接收信号进行求模运算和放大转发,算法的复杂度主要集中在两用户节点上。仿真结果显示:相比于传统的预编码和检测算法,用户联合预编码与检测算法在计算复杂度仅增加了对信道增益矩阵一次格规约计算的前提下,可显著降低系统的误比特率,提高分集增益,具有工程实用价值。     

基于双向MIMO中继系统的一种预编码策略

为了克服已有的双向MIMO中继系统模型中预编码技术计算量大的缺点,提出了一种基于双向MIMO系统的三时段预编码策略,给出了该策略的模型和算法。该模型的中继节点预均衡各信道状态信息影响(CSI)后将合并信号分时段发送给不同通信节点,简化了传统中继转发矩阵对多信道信息的联合设计。理论计算和仿真结果表明,该策略在性能和复杂度之间得到了良好的折衷     

基于发射端获知部分信道状态信息MIMO系统线性预编码的设计

在现实通信系统中,由于各种原因在发送端获知很难获得完全的信道状态信息,只能获得部分信道状态信息,这样接收端的检测就非常复杂。在MIMO系统中,为了提高系统的性能和降低接收端算法的复杂度,可以通过把正交空时分组与线性预编码结合。本文提出了一种在MIMO非相关信道中,在部分信道状态信息的条件下,把正交空时分组码与线性预编码结合的方案。仿真结果表明,提高了MIMO系统的性能,降低系统误码率,获得了很好的性能增益。     

短波通信多组空时编码中等效MIMO模型ZF解码

面向短波通信提出了多组空时编码( MGSTC )的一种等效多输入多输出( MIMO )模型迫零( ZF)解码算法。该算法以降低运算复杂度为目的,将原多时隙MIMO系统拆分为多个多时隙单输入多输出( SIMO)系统并分别等效为多个新的单时隙MIMO系统模型,通过各自左乘等效信道矩阵的共轭转置后进行最大比合并( MRC)以及ZF解码获得发送信号估计值,避免了球形解码( SD)中对高阶矩阵的QR分解。仿真结果表明,与虚拟MIMO模型SD解码算法相比,等效MIMO模型ZF解码算法在误码率( BER)性能1 dB损耗的情况下,运算量降低一个数量级以上。     

MMSE准则下近似最优MIMO分组并行检测算法

在采用多天线高阶QAM的MIMO通信系统中,现有基于信道分组并行检测算法虽然接近最优检测性能但以牺牲计算效率为代价.针对这一问题,本文提出一种MMSE准则下基于信道分组的并行检测算法,不但有效降低计算复杂度,而且仍保证检测性能.该算法采用MMSE准则下格归约算法改进分组后条件较好子信道矩阵特性,并在消除参考信号基础上利用改进的子信道矩阵对剩余信号以非线性方式进行检测.仿真结果表明:对4×4和6×6MIMO系统,该算法检测性能达到最优,对于8×8 MIMO系统,比最优算法所需信噪比提高约1dB.复杂度分析表明:相比现有信道分组检测算法,相同检测性能下该算法在6×6 MIMO系统中复杂度降低90%以上,在8×8 MIMO系统中复杂度降低98%以上.     

针对混合STBC结构的分组检测算法

本文针对混合STBC MIMO系统,利用Alamouti矩阵结构的特点给出了一系列基于分块逆矩阵的低复杂度检测算法,并且通过仿真进行了性能分析.结果表明,该检测算法与前人给出的常规检测算法的性能一致,但其采用分块逆矩阵递归检测的方法利用Alamouti矩阵的特点大大降低了解码的复杂度.     

基于修正扩展信道矩阵的球形解码算法

球形解码算法是多输入多输出(MIMO)系统一种性能较好的信号检测算法,只是其计算复杂度较高,为此,有学者提出运用最小均方误差(MMSE)和压缩系数控制的初始半径来降低复杂度,然而对于16QAM调制的情形,该算法虽能降低复杂度却也损失了部分误码率。针对这一问题,文章提出一种基于修正扩展信道矩阵的球形解码算法,仿真结果表明,改进的算法在16QAM调制时不仅可以改善信号的误码率,而且基本不增加算法的计算复杂度。     

New super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes using differential M-PSK for noncoherent mobile communication systems with two transmit antennas

In this paper, we develop super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes (SOSTTCs) using differential binary phase-shift keying, quadriphase-shift keying and eight-phase shift keying for noncoherent communication systems with two transmit antennas without channel state information at the receiver. Based on a differential encoding scheme proposed by Tarokh and Jafarkhani, we propose a new decoding algorithm with reduced decoding complexity. To evaluate the performance of the SOSTTCs by way of computer simulations, a geometric two-ring channel model is employed throughout. The simulation results show that the new decoding algorithm has the same decoding performance compared with the traditional decoding strategy, while it reduces significantly the overall computing complexity. As expected the system performance depends greatly on the antenna spacing and on the angular spread of the incoming waves. For fair comparison, we also design SOSTTCs for coherent detection of the same complexity as those demonstrated for the noncoherent case. As in the case of classical single antenna transmission systems, the coherent scheme outperforms the differential one by approximately 3 dB for SOSTTCs as well.     

基于可靠性累积概率的球形译码排序

球形译码的信号顺序对译码的复杂度有很大的影响.本文提出了一种新的基于可靠性累积概率的排序算法,该算法以迫零解作为参考软信息,定义各符号与迫零解之差的累积概率作为信号的可靠性度量,译码符号顺序以累积概率从大到小进行,综合考虑了信道状态、接收向量以及迫零算法对噪声的放大影响.仿真结果表明,该算法大大降低了球形译码算法的计算复杂度.     

A differential detection scheme for transmit diversity

We present a transmission scheme for exploiting diversity given by two transmit antennas when neither the transmitter nor the receiver has access to channel state information. The new detection scheme can use equal energy constellations and encoding is simple. At the receiver, decoding is achieved with low decoding complexity. The transmission provides full spatial diversity and requires no channel state side information at the receiver. The scheme can be considered as the extension of differential detection schemes to two transmit antennas     

Improved space-time processing for X channel using precoders

The article investigates how to send perfect space-time codes with low feedback amount and symbol-by-symbol decoding for X channel using precoders. It is assumed that two users are introduced with two antennas and two receivers. Each user employs a rate-2 space-time block code and follows certain rule when sending codewords. The multi-user interference is eliminated by pre-coding at the transmitter and linear processing at the receiver. Compared with the existing scheme for the same scene, the proposed scheme greatly reduces feedback amount and improves the transmission efficiency, while keeping the same decoding complexity. Simulations demonstrate the validity of the proposed scheme.     

Iterative multiuser detection for coded CDMA signals in AWGN andfading channels

A new iterative receiver for joint detection and decoding of code division multiple access (CDMA) signals is presented. The new scheme is based on a combination of the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion and the turbo processing principle by Hagenauer (see Proc. Int. Symp. Turbo Codes and Related Topics, Brest, France, p.1-9, 1997). The complexity of the new scheme is of polynomial order in the number of users. The new scheme is applicable to two situations: (a) when the receiver is capable of decoding the signals from all users and (b) when the receiver is only capable of decoding the signals from a subset of users. In the first scenario, we establish that the proposed receiver achieves superior performance to the iterative soft interference cancellation technique under certain conditions. On the other hand, in the second scenario, we argue that the proposed receiver outperforms both the iterative soft interference canceler and the iterative maximum a posteriori (MAP) receiver because of its superior near-far resistance. For operation over fading channels, the estimation of the complex fading parameters for all users becomes an important ingredient in any multiuser detector. In our scheme, the soft information provided by the decoders is used to enhance this estimation process. Two iterative soft-input channel estimation algorithms are presented: the first is based on the MMSE criterion, and the second is a lower-complexity approximation of the first. The proposed multiuser detection algorithm(s) are suitable for both terrestrial and satellite applications of CDMA     

一种重叠Alamouti码的最大似然检测优化算法

针对准正交重叠Alamouti码(Overlapped Alamouti Code,OAC)采用最大似然(maximum likelihood,ML)接收机检测时译码复杂度高的缺点,提出了一种ML译码优化算法。利用等价信道矩阵具有部分正交性的特点,将等价信道矩阵拆分成2个相互正交的子等价信道矩阵,使得在检测每个符号分组时可分别检测2个较短分组,从而降低了ML接收机的译码复杂度。改进算法保持了与ML译码相近的误码率性能,而运算量大幅度降低,从而克服了ML译码复杂度高的缺点。     

Successive interference cancellation with SISO decoding and EMchannel estimation

We derive a low-complexity receiver scheme for joint multiuser decoding and parameter estimation of code division multiple access signals. The resulting receiver processes the users serially and iteratively and makes use of soft-in soft-out single-user decoders, of soft interference cancellation and of expectation-maximization parameter estimation as the main building blocks. Computer simulations show that the proposed receiver achieves near single-user performance at very high channel load (number of users per chip) and outperforms conventional schemes with similar complexity     

Code and receiver design for the noncoherent fast-fading channel

This paper deals with the design of coding/modulation and demodulation/decoding schemes for single- or multiple-antenna systems with focus on fast-fading channels, where channel state information (CSI) is not available at the transmitter and the receiver. We explore two possible solutions for this channel with increasing degree of sophistication. The first one utilizes pilots at the transmitter and a simple and explicit noniterative channel estimation algorithm at the receiver. We show that this pilot-assisted system is exactly equivalent, in terms of performance analysis and design, to an appropriately "degraded" system having perfect CSI at the receiver. The second scheme utilizes pilots and a family of well-justified and simple suboptimal iterative detection/estimation algorithms. It is shown that when turbo-like codes are considered in conjunction with this pilot-assisted transmission scheme and the proposed receiver algorithm, the unitary constellations investigated in the literature are inferior to simple pilot-assisted constellations in both complexity and performance. Specific instances of the proposed systems (that use optimized irregular low-density parity-check outer codes) are designed. The design examples provided show that the proposed systems can achieve a good tradeoff between complexity and performance and can be used to bridge the gap between the high complexity/high-performance optimal scheme and low-complexity/mediocre performance noniterative estimation/coherent detection scheme.     

Decision-feedback soft-input/soft-output multiuser detector foriterative decoding of coded CDMA

The optimal decoding scheme for a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system that employs convolutional codes results in a prohibitive computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity, an iterative receiver structure was proposed for decoding multiuser data in a convolutional coded CDMA system. At each iteration, extrinsic information is exchanged between a soft-input/soft-output (SISO) multiuser detector and a bank of single-user SISO channel decoders. However, a direct implementation of the full-complexity SISO multiuser detector also has the exponential computational complexity in terms of the number of users. This paper proposes a low-complexity SISO multiuser detector based on tentative hard decisions that are made and fed back from the channel decoders in the previous iteration. The computational complexity of the proposed detector is linear in terms of the number of users and can be adjusted according to the complexity/performance tradeoff. Simulation results show that even with this simple feedback scheme, the performance of the coded multiuser system approaches that of the single-user system for moderate to high signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs)     

迭代硬判决反馈的LDPC级联MDPSK解调译码算法

该文给出了瑞利衰落信道条件下LDPC级联MDPSK的接收机结构,研究了在不考虑信道状态条件下基于硬判决反馈的迭代检测译码算法,该算法相对于传统的差分解调和译码,复杂度几乎没有增加。仿真结果表明,这种方法在迭代4次的情况下,在误比特率为10-4时与传统的解调方法相比,可以提供2.2dB的增益。