基于核的可能性聚类算法

针对模糊C-均值算法聚类分析时的缺陷,采用能够较好地处理噪音和孤立点的可能性聚类算法,并将核学习方法的思想应用于可能性聚类算法中,提出一种基于核的可能性聚类算法。该方法利用Mercer核将观察空间的待分类样本点经过一个非线性映射后,映射到一个高维的核空间,突出不同类别样本之间的特征差异,使得原来线性不可分的样本点在核空间中变得更加线性可分,从而更好地聚类。经仿真实验表明,基于核的可能性聚类算法比模糊C-均值以及可能性聚类算法具有更好的聚类效果,且算法能够很快地收敛。     

An adaptive spatial information-theoretic fuzzy clustering algorithm for image segmentation

This paper presents an adaptive spatial information-theoretic fuzzy clustering algorithm to improve the robustness of the conventional fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithms for image segmentation. This is achieved through the incorporation of information-theoretic framework into the FCM-type algorithms. By combining these two concepts and modifying the objective function of the FCM algorithm, we are able to solve the problems of sensitivity to noisy data and the lack of spatial information, and improve the image segmentation results. The experimental results have shown that this robust clustering algorithm is useful for MRI brain image segmentation and it yields better segmentation results when compared to the conventional FCM approach.     

SAR image segmentation based on quantum-inspired multiobjective evolutionary clustering algorithm

The segmentation task in the feature space of an image can be formulated as an optimization problem. Recent researches have demonstrated that the clustering techniques, using only one objective may not obtain suitable solution because the single objective function just can provide satisfactory result to one kind of corresponding data set. In this letter, a novel multiobjective clustering approach, named a quantum-inspired multiobjective evolutionary clustering algorithm (QMEC), is proposed to deal with the problem of image segmentation, where two objectives are simultaneously optimized. Based on the concepts and principles of quantum computing, the multi-state quantum bits are used to represent individuals and quantum rotation gate strategy is used to update the probabilistic individuals. The proposed algorithm can take advantage of the multiobjective optimization mechanism and the superposition of quantum states, and therefore it has a good population diversity and search capabilities. Due to a set of nondominated solutions in multiobjective clustering problems, a simple heuristic method is adopted to select a preferred solution from the final Pareto front and the results show that a good image segmentation result is selected. Experiments on one simulated synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image and two real SAR images have shown the superiority of the QMEC over three other known algorithms.     

改进的遗传模糊聚类算法对医学图像的分割

利用遗传算法全局随机搜索的特点,可以解决模糊C均值聚类（FCM）算法在医学图像分割中容易陷入局部最优解的问题,但确定遗传算法的初始搜索范围时,需要借助于人的经验。为此,用收敛速度快的硬聚类算法得到的聚类中心作为参考,上下浮动划出一个较小的数据范围,作为遗传算法的初始搜索空间。该方法在避免FCM算法陷入局部最优化的同时,也加速了遗传算法的收敛过程。实验表明,该方法相对于标准的遗传模糊算法,效果要好得多。     

一种抗干扰半静态分簇路由算法

针对无线传感器网络( WSNs)分簇路由算法中的能量洞、热点和抗干扰问题,设计一种抗干扰半静态分簇( AlSSC)路由算法,给无线传感器网络提供能量多、距离短、链路质量好的路径来传输数据.该算法利用节点定位获取节点地理位置,综合考虑传感器节点剩余能量和干扰信噪比,通过节点距离度量、节点聚簇、簇间融合、簇头选举和簇头轮换五个步骤进行无线传感器网络节点的分簇.仿真结果表明:这种路由算法可以提高无线传感器网络通信链路质量,均衡网络能量消耗.     

A multiobjective spatial fuzzy clustering algorithm for image segmentation

This article describes a multiobjective spatial fuzzy clustering algorithm for image segmentation. To obtain satisfactory segmentation performance for noisy images, the proposed method introduces the non-local spatial information derived from the image into fitness functions which respectively consider the global fuzzy compactness and fuzzy separation among the clusters. After producing the set of non-dominated solutions, the final clustering solution is chosen by a cluster validity index utilizing the non-local spatial information. Moreover, to automatically evolve the number of clusters in the proposed method, a real-coded variable string length technique is used to encode the cluster centers in the chromosomes. The proposed method is applied to synthetic and real images contaminated by noise and compared with k-means, fuzzy c-means, two fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms with spatial information and a multiobjective variable string length genetic fuzzy clustering algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed method behaves well in evolving the number of clusters and obtaining satisfactory performance on noisy image segmentation.     

An efficient hybrid algorithm based on modified imperialist competitive algorithm and K-means for data clustering

Clustering techniques have received attention in many fields of study such as engineering, medicine, biology and data mining. The aim of clustering is to collect data points. The K-means algorithm is one of the most common techniques used for clustering. However, the results of K-means depend on the initial state and converge to local optima. In order to overcome local optima obstacles, a lot of studies have been done in clustering. This paper presents an efficient hybrid evolutionary optimization algorithm based on combining Modify Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (MICA) and K-means (K), which is called K-MICA, for optimum clustering N objects into K clusters. The new Hybrid K-ICA algorithm is tested on several data sets and its performance is compared with those of MICA, ACO, PSO, Simulated Annealing (SA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Tabu Search (TS), Honey Bee Mating Optimization (HBMO) and K-means. The simulation results show that the proposed evolutionary optimization algorithm is robust and suitable for handling data clustering.     

Kernel-induced fuzzy clustering of image pixels with an improved differential evolution algorithm

A modified differential evolution (DE) algorithm is presented for clustering the pixels of an image in the gray-scale intensity space. The algorithm requires no prior information about the number of naturally occurring clusters in the image. It uses a kernel induced similarity measure instead of the conventional sum-of-squares distance. Use of the kernel function makes it possible to partition data that is linearly non-separable and non hyper-spherical in the original input space, into homogeneous groups in a transformed high-dimensional feature space. A novel search-variable representation scheme is adopted for selecting the optimal number of clusters from several possible choices. Extensive performance comparison over a test-suite of 10 gray-scale images and objective comparison with manually segmented ground truth indicates that the proposed algorithm has an edge over a few state-of-the-art algorithms for automatic multi-class image segmentation.     

一种能量高效的无线传感器网络分簇路由算法

无线传感器网络中节点的能量有限,提高能量的有效性便成为无线传感器网络路由协议设计的首要目标。设计了一种能量高效的分簇路由算法,它提出让候选节点在一定的覆盖范围内以剩余能量为标准来竞选簇头,以使簇头分布均匀;处于簇类交界的节点则根据能量和距离来选择归属的簇头,以平衡网络负载;新算法还采用多跳的簇间通信方式来降低大部分簇头节点的通信负载。仿真结果表明:新算法能够有效降低网络能耗,延长网络生存时间。     

能量高效的WSNs分簇数据融合算法

针对无线传感器网络(WSNs)中多跳通信造成的“热区”以及数据冗余问题,提出了一种能量高效的分簇数据融合算法(EECDA).该算法在分簇阶段综合考虑节点的剩余能量、到基站的距离和邻居节点的数目,周期性地选择簇首和划分不同规模的簇;对簇内数据进行融合,利用辛普森积分法则计算预测接收数据,在保证采集数据实时性和准确性的前提下,降低数据的冗余性,减少通信负载,提高网络的能量利用率.仿真结果表明:该算法能够对数据进行高效预测,减少网络通信量,相较已有的算法,能够有效延长网络的生存周期.     

K-means Iterative Fisher (KIF) unsupervised clustering algorithm applied to image texture segmentation

The K-means Iterative Fisher (KIF) algorithm is a robust, unsupervised clustering algorithm applied here to the problem of image texture segmentation. The KIF algorithm involves two steps. First, K-means is applied. Second, the K-means class assignments are used to estimate parameters required for a Fisher linear discriminant (FLD). The FLD is applied iteratively to improve the solution. This combined K-means and iterative FLD is referred to as the KIF algorithm. Two KIF implementations are presented: a mixture resolving approach is extended to an unsupervised binary hierarchical approach. The same binary hierarchical KIF algorithm is used to properly segment images even though the number of classes, the class spatial boundaries, and the number of samples per class vary. The binary hierarchical KIF algorithm is fully unsupervised, requires no a priori knowledge of the number of classes, is a non-parametric solution, and is computationally efficient compared to other methods used for clustering in image texture segmentation solutions. This unsupervised methodology is demonstrated to be an improvement over other published texture segmentation results using a wide variety of test imagery. Gabor filters and co-occurrence probabilities are used as texture features.     

Fast and robust fuzzy c-means clustering algorithms incorporating local information for image segmentation

Fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithms with spatial constraints (FCM_S) have been proven effective for image segmentation. However, they still have the following disadvantages: (1) although the introduction of local spatial information to the corresponding objective functions enhances their insensitiveness to noise to some extent, they still lack enough robustness to noise and outliers, especially in absence of prior knowledge of the noise; (2) in their objective functions, there exists a crucial parameter α used to balance between robustness to noise and effectiveness of preserving the details of the image, it is selected generally through experience; and (3) the time of segmenting an image is dependent on the image size, and hence the larger the size of the image, the more the segmentation time. In this paper, by incorporating local spatial and gray information together, a novel fast and robust FCM framework for image segmentation, i.e., fast generalized fuzzy c-means (FGFCM) clustering algorithms, is proposed. FGFCM can mitigate the disadvantages of FCM_S and at the same time enhances the clustering performance. Furthermore, FGFCM not only includes many existing algorithms, such as fast FCM and enhanced FCM as its special cases, but also can derive other new algorithms such as FGFCM_S1 and FGFCM_S2 proposed in the rest of this paper. The major characteristics of FGFCM are: (1) to use a new factor S_ij as a local (both spatial and gray) similarity measure aiming to guarantee both noise-immunity and detail-preserving for image, and meanwhile remove the empirically-adjusted parameter α; (2) fast clustering or segmenting image, the segmenting time is only dependent on the number of the gray-levels q rather than the size N(?q) of the image, and consequently its computational complexity is reduced from O(NcI₁) to O(qcI₂), where c is the number of the clusters, I₁ and are the numbers of iterations, respectively, in the standard FCM and our proposed fast segmentation method. The experiments on the synthetic and real-world images show that FGFCM algorithm is effective and efficient.     

Optimal-selection-based suppressed fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm with self-tuning non local spatial information for image segmentation

Suppressed fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm (S-FCM) is one of the most effective fuzzy clustering algorithms. Even if S-FCM has some advantages, some problems exist. First, it is unreasonable to compulsively modify the membership degree values for all the data points in each iteration step of S-FCM. Furthermore, duo to only utilizing the spatial information derived from the pixel’s neighborhood window to guide the process of image segmentation, S-FCM cannot obtain satisfactory segmentation results on images heavily corrupted by noise. This paper proposes an optimal-selection-based suppressed fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm with self-tuning non local spatial information for image segmentation to solve the above drawbacks of S-FCM. Firstly, an optimal-selection-based suppressed strategy is presented to modify the membership degree values for data points. In detail, during each iteration step, all the data points are ranked based on their biggest membership degree values, and then the membership degree values of the top r ranked data points are modified while the membership degree values of the other data points are not changed. In this paper, the parameter r is determined by the golden section method. Secondly, a novel gray level histogram is constructed by using the self-tuning non local spatial information for each pixel, and then fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm with the optimal-selection-based suppressed strategy is executed on this histogram. The self-tuning non local spatial information of a pixel is derived from the pixels with a similar neighborhood configuration to the given pixel and can preserve more information of the image than the spatial information derived from the pixel’s neighborhood window. This method is applied to Berkeley and other real images heavily contaminated by noise. The image segmentation experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over other fuzzy algorithms.     

无线传感器网络中基于分层的非均衡分簇算法

降低网络能量消耗、延长网络寿命是无线传感器网络设计的重要目标,分簇是实现该目标的主要方法之一。针对矩形传感器网络,提出一种基于分层的非均衡分簇算法。算法根据节点的能量消耗情况计算出了每层的宽度,可以有效实现网络的能耗均衡。将非均衡分簇算法与LEACH协议进行了比较,仿真实验表明:基于分层的非均衡分簇算法可以更好地实现能耗均衡,能有效延长网络的寿命。     

基于跳数限制的高能效分簇路由算法

针对实时性较强的传感器网络,提出一种跳数受限的高能效分簇路由(HCECR)算法.HCECR算法采用存活时间(TTL)分簇的概念,并根据簇内成员数量和累计最小可达能耗构建兼顾跳数限制和能量效率的簇结构.同时,新算法区分紧急和普通数据包,分别采取不同的转发机制,并在簇外多跳通信中引入边缘节点中继数据以降低簇外通信开销.仿真表明:新算法在保证数据包实时性的同时,提升了簇头与普通节点之间的负载均衡度,延长了网络生存周期.     

一种新型自适应加权分簇算法的性能研究

自适应加权(AOW)分簇算法是移动自组网中一种性能良好的分簇算法,在这里被引入无线传感器网络,并针对其算法复杂的缺点,提出一种简化的MAOW(mended AOW)算法。仿真结果表明:MAOW算法具有较低的复杂性,并在负载平衡性上有较大提升。介绍分簇算法的背景和相关定义,说明几种已有算法的特点,接着引入自适应加权算法,又重点提出改进的MAOW算法,最后,通过仿真对全部算法进行分析比较。     

无线传感器网络中一种基于花型的分簇算法

针对无线传感器网络能量约束问题,提出了一种基于花型的分簇算法。算法结合最优簇数目计算与用正六边形网格实现无缝覆盖的思想,分簇过程中通过标号方法从花芯区域中选取剩余能量最大的节点当选为簇头。仿真实验结果表明:该算法在一定程度上减少了网络的能量消耗、延长了网络的寿命,分簇性能良好。     

一种不确定数据流子空间聚类算法

针对不确定数据流上的聚类问题提出一种不确定数据流子空间聚类算法UDSSC.该算法使用滑动窗口机制接收新到达的数据,剔除陈旧的数据;还引入子空间簇生成策略和新型离群点机制;系统建立了三个缓冲区分别存储新到来的元组、要进行聚类的元组和离群点元组,以此获得高质量的聚类结果.实验表明,UDSSC算法与同类型算法相比,具有更好的聚类效果、更低的时间复杂度和更强的扩展性.     

WSNs中最小通信代价的非均匀分簇算法

在现有的无线传感器网络分布式多跳路由的基础上,提出一种最小通信代价的非均匀分簇组网算法,采用定时器策略选择剩余能量较大的节点作为簇头节点,簇内与簇间都选择通信代价最小的路径进行通信,根据簇头剩余能量和距Sink节点距离控制簇规模,通过控制泛洪速度,节点优先加入与Sink节点通信代价较小的分簇,防止数据回传。经实验表明:算法能有效地控制分簇结构的建立,能量利用更加高效,拥有更长的网络生存期。     

一种基于类别融合的模糊最小最大聚类算法

提出了一种新型的基于类别融合的模糊最小最大聚类算法,该算法首先使用初始类别生成子算法对归一化后的数据集进行预处理,从而生成一系列初始模式类别;然后利用类别融合于算法,将类别融合问题转化为求一无向图的连通子图问题,从而得出在同一连通子图中的点融合为同一类,连接子图的数目为最终的聚类数目。仿真结果表明,在处理未知模式类别数目且数据样本任意分布的数据集时,该算法明显优于传统的模糊C均值算法。