Anisotropic flow in high baryon density region

Collective flow is a powerful tool used to analyze the properties of a medium created during high-energy nuclear collisions. Here, we report a systematic study of the first two Fourier coefficients v₁ and v₂ of the proton and π⁺from Au+Au collisions in the energy range (s_NN)^1/2=2.11–4.9 GeV within the framework of a hadronic transport model（UrQMD）. Recent results from the STAR experiment were used to test the model calculations. A meanfield ...     

Number-of-constituent-quark scaling of elliptic flow:a quantitative study

The number-of-constituent-quark（NCQ） scaling behavior of the elliptic flow of identified particles produced in A+A collisions is studied quantitatively using an empirical function that fits the experimental v₂ data available from the RHIC and LHC. The most common approach for NCQ scaling involves（1） doing a scaling of the experimental v₂ data of an identified particle with its NCQ,（2） doing the same to its transverse momentum or energy,then（3） combining all the scaled data ...     

IRIS reactor core with thorium fuel

This work is aimed at running the first IRIS reactor core with mixed thorium dioxide fuel（ThO₂-UO₂ and ThO₂-PuO₂）.Calculations are performed by using Dragon 4.0.4 and Citation codes.The results show the multiplication factor(K_eff) for central and peripheral assemblies as a function of burnup.To ensure the proliferation resistance,the value of ²³⁵U enrichment is < 20%.The K_eff is calculated using Dragon 4.0.4 for a single fuel rod and the model developed to fuel assembly,while the whole core was calculated using Citation code.For a fuel burnup,the use of increased enrichment fuel in the IRIS core leads to high reserve of reactivity,which is compensated with an integral fuel burnable absorber.The self-shielding of boron is in an IRIS reactor fuel.The effect of increased enrichment to the burn-up rates,and burnable poison distribution on the reactor performance,are evaluated.The equipment used in traditional light water reactors is evaluated for designing a small unit IRIS reactor.     

Low Friction-Coefficient TiBCN Nanocomposite Coatings Prepared by Cathode Arc Plasma Deposition

TiBCN nanocomposite coatings were deposited on cemented carbide and Si（100）by a cathode arc plasma system,in which TiB₂ cathodes were used in mixture gases of N₂ and C₂H₂.X-ray diffraction shows that TiB₂ and Ti₂B₅ peaks enhance at low flow rates of C₂H₂,but they shrink when the flow rate is over 200 seem.An increase of deposition rate was obtained from different TiBCN thicknesses for the same deposition time measured by scanning electron microscopy.Atomic force microscopy shows that the surface roughnesses are ¹0 nm and ²0 nm at C₂H₂ flow rates of 0-100 sccm and of 150-300 sccm,respectively.High resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the coatings consist of nanocrystal phases Ti₂B₅,TiB₂ and TiN,and amorphous phase carbon and BN.The average crystal sizes embedded in the amorphous matrices are 200 nm and 10 nm at C₂H₂ flow rates of200 sccm and 300 sccm,respectively.In Raman spectra,the D- and G-bands increase with C₂H₂flows at low flow rates,but weaken at high flow rates.The microhardness of the coatings decreases from 28.6 GPa to 20 GPa as the C₂H₂ increases from 0 sccm to 300 sccm,and the ball-on-disk measurement shows a dramatic decrease of the friction coefficient from 0.84 to 0.13.The reason for the reduced hardness and friction coefficient with the change of C₂H₂ flow rates is discussed.     

A pilot study on ^99mTc-3PRGD2 scintigraphy in diagnosis of brain glioma

The ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ targeted SPECT/CT scanning was of significance in detecting differentiated glioma.In this work,the diagnostic value of ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ scintigraphy in brain glioma was evaluated by the ten clinically verified brain glioma patients after obtaining informed consent.The patients first accepted X-ray imaging to localize the detecting regions before administrating with ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ at a mean radioactivity of 849±115 MBq via single intravenous bolus injection 2 h prior to SPECT/CT imaging.Tumor samples for detectingαvβ3 were collected by surgical operations two weeks after the scintigraphy.The results of CT and SPECT scanning were merged and compared.The correlation between tumor occupation（T/N ratio） andαvβ3 expression level were analyzed.The T/N ratios in brain glioma were proportionally correlated to av(33 positive cell percentage（R²=0.9253,p<0.05）.This study primarily evaluated the clinical application of ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ SPECT scintigraphy on brain glioma.The more pathological types and detecting strategies covering a large amount of samples would aid to clarify the potentials.     

Development of a low-background neutron detector array

A low-background neutron detector array was developed to measure the cross section of the ¹³C（a,n）¹⁶O reaction, which is the neutron source for the s-process in AGB stars, in the Gamow window(E_c.m. = 190 ± 40 keV)at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory（CJPL）. The detector array consists of 24 ³He proportional counters embedded in a polyethylene cube. Owing to the deep underground location and a borated polyethylene shield around the detector array,...     

Study on the corrosion behavior of 316H stainless steel in molten NaCl–KCl–MgCl2 salts with and without purification

The corrosion behavior of 316H stainless steel (SS) in the impure and purified Na Cl–KCl–Mg Cl₂ salt was investigated at700°C.Results indicate that the main deleterious impurity induced corrosion in the impure salt was the absorbed moisture,present in the form of Mg Cl₂·6H₂O.316H SS occurred severe intergranular corrosion with a corrosion depth of 130μm for1000 h in the impure Na Cl–KCl–Mg Cl₂ salt.In contrast,the purification treatment of molten chlor...     

Pharmacokinetics and radiation dosimetry of 99mTc-3PRGD2 in healthy individuals:A pilot study

^99mTc-3PRGD₂ is a new SPECT radiotracer for several tumor imaging with high uptake where integrinα_vβ₃ is highly expressed.This pilot study was to assess the safety,biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 9,mTc-3PRGD2 in healthy volunteers.The 10 healthy male volunteers were injected with ^99mTc-3PRGD₂（786.7±55.8 MBq,19.1-24.2 mCi）.Baseline measurements of vital signs,laboratory safety tests and 12-lead electrocardiogram were recorded before and after injection.Blood and urine samples were collected and radiation counts were obtained at various time points.Whole-body scans and ROIs of identified organs were used for visual analysis and estimating the radiation dosimetry.No adverse reactions were found during the study.^99mTc-3PRGD₂ exhibited a rapid clearance from the blood with less than 45%of the initial dosage at 10 min after injection and gradual increasing radioactivity in urine with（52.9±6）%of original dose at 1440 min.The whole-body imaging showed high radioactive accumulation in bladder.And the highest ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ uptake was found in the kidneys(3.50×10^-2 mSv/MBq).The ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ exhibited good pharmacokinetic properties and little radiation burden.This study showed that ^99mTc-3PRGD₂ would be a safe and attractive SPECT agent in clinic applications.     

Electronic structure of In_2O_3 nanowires synthesized at low temperature

In₂O₃ nanowires with uniform morphology and single crystalline structure were synthesized at low temperature of 400℃⁴50℃using InSb as the precursor via VLS mechanism.The nanowires have uniform diameter of about 40 nm and are up to tens of micrometres in length and grew along the[100]direction as established by high resolution electron microscopy.The electronic and local structures of ln203 nanowires,compared to that of In203 powder,have been studied with X-ray absorption fine structure（XAFS） at In K-edge and O K-edge.The XAFS results reveal the stronger In-O bonding in In₂O₃ nanowires compared to bulk In₂O₃.     

Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure positive pulsating corona discharge in degradation of textile dye Reactive Blue 19 enhanced by Bi2O3 catalyst

In this work,monoclinic Bi₂O₃ was applied for the first time,to the best of our knowledge,as a catalyst in the process of dye degradation by a non-thermal atmospheric-pressure positive pulsating corona discharge.The research focused on the interaction of the plasma-generated species and the catalyst,as well as the role of the catalyst in the degradation process.Plasma decomposition of the anthraquinone reactive dye Reactive Blue 19(RB 19) was performed in a selfmade reactor...     

Multiplicity dependence of charged particle,? meson,and multistrange particle productions in p + p collisions at s~(1/2) = 200 GeV from PYTHIA simulation

We report the multiplicity dependence of charged particle production for the n~±, K~±, p, , and ? mesons at |y|1:0 in p + p collisions at s~(1/2) = 200 GeV from a PYTHIA simulation. The impact of multiple parton interactions and gluon contributions is studied and found to be a possible source of the splitting of the particle yields as a function of p_T with respect to the multiplicity. No obvious particle species dependence of the splitting is observed.The multiplicity dependence of the ratios Kˉ/πˉ, K~+/π~+,/πˉ, p/π~+, and K_s~0 at mid-rapidity in p+ p collisions is found to follow a tendency similar to that in Au t Au collisions at (s_(NN))~(1/2) = 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, indicating similar underlying initial production mechanisms despite the differences in the initial colliding systems.     

Effects of the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential on pion observables in Sn + Sn collisions at 270 MeV/nucleon

Within a transport model, we investigated the effects of the momentum dependence of the nuclear symmetry potential on the pion observables in central Sn + Sn collisions at 270 MeV/nucleon. To this end, the quantity U_sym^∞(ρ₀)(i.e., the value of the nuclear symmetry potential at the saturation density ρ₀ and infinitely large nucleon momentum) was used to characterize the momentum dependence of the nuclear symmetry potential. With a certain L(i.e., the sl...     

Investigation of cyclohexane catalytic degradation driven by N atoms from N2 discharges

The effect of N₂ discharge products on cyclohexane degradation over a MnO₂/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst has been evaluated by feeding N₂ discharge products to the catalyst using a specially designed dielectric barrier discharge reactor. At a reaction temperature of 100 °C, the cyclohexane conversion increased from 2.46%(without N₂ discharge products) to 26.3%(with N₂ discharge products). N-and O-containing by-product(3, 4-dehydropr...     

Tritium concentration in soybean plants exposed to atmospheric HTO during nighttime and daytime

Potted soybean plants were exposed to evaporate HTO for 1 h inside an exposure box at two different growth stage(flowering and podding stage, filling stage)during nighttime and daytime. The concentration of tissuefree water tritium(TFWT) and organically bound tritium(OBT) in leaves and beans was measured at the end of the exposure. The results indicated that the quasi-equilibrium between the TFWT concentrations in the soybean leaves and the HTO concentration of the ambient air moisture required more than 1 h to be reached. The relative TFWT concentrations in the nighttime represent about 1/2 to 2/3of the concentrations obtained in the day in the leaves compared to about 1/2 to 4/3 in the beans. The relative OBT concentrations under night conditions were about 2/5 to 1/2 of those under day conditions in the leaves, contrary to 1/2–7/10 for the beans. By developing tritium concentration assessment model with a short-term release of atmospheric HTO, we comprehensively considered the plant growth stage and the environmental conditions.     

The Elliptic Flow of Multi-Strange Hadrons in[SNN]1/2= 200 GeV Au + Au Collisions at STAR

Azimuthal anisotropy, especially for the multi-strange hadrons, is expected to be sensitive to the dynamical evolution in the early stage of high energy nuclear collisions. In this paper we present the latest results of multi-strange hadron elliptic flow in Au + Au collisions at[S_NN]^1/2= 200 GeV from the STAR experiment at RHIC. The number-of-quark scaling is evidenced with φ（s） and （sss） with highly statistical data, which shows strange quark collectivity at RHIC. The ν2 of φ meson is found to be consistent with that of proton within statistical error bars at p T<1 GeV/c.     

Preclinical evaluation on ~(125)I-BMIPP

The biodistribution of 125I-BMIPP and the variation of myocardial uptake of 125I-BMIPP using the metabolic intervention drug were reported. Myocardial uptake of the 125I-BMIPP in rats showed a peak of 5.70ID%/g at 2 min. The ratios of myocardium to blood, to liver and to lung at 30 min were 3.40, 2.64 and 2.88 respectively. The initial elimination half time of 4.0 min in rabbits was in accordance with the half elimination time of free fatty acid from blood. Myocardial uptake of 125I-BMIPP in the group of glucose-insulin was significantly increased (p<0.05) than those of the normal control. In vivo and in vitro binding test for 125I-BMIPP to HSA showed a rather constant level of activation up to 2 h. Partition coefficients (1gP) were 1.93 and 1.68, respectively.     

A Novel TiO2 Combined Pulsed Diaphragm Discharge System for Phenol Degradation

A synergistic photocatalysis combined pulsed diaphragm discharge（PDD）system with TiO₂ nanofilm deposited on the surface of quartz diaphragm is developed for the first time for phenol degradation in an aqueous solution.It is observed that the decomposition efficiency of phenol in the TiO₂ combined PDD system is higher than that of the single PDD system under the same conditions,indicating a successful collaboration between the photocatalysis and the plasma decomposition in the present system.Analysis of the solution’s pH value confirms this collaboration and further reveals that the photocatalytic enhancement effect of phenol degradation is strong at a relatively low supplied voltage.The present TiO₂ combined PDD system exhibits improved efficiencies of pollutant degradation and energy utilization,suggesting a good candidate for wastewater treatment.     

Pulsed gas–liquid discharge plasma catalytic degradation of bisphenol A over graphene/Cd S: process parameters optimization and O3 activation mechanism analysis

In the present work, pulsed gas–liquid hybrid discharge plasma coupled with graphene/Cd S catalyst was evaluated to eliminate bisphenol A(BPA) in wastewater. The optimization of a series of process parameters was performed in terms of BPA degradation performance. The experimental results demonstrated that nearly 90% of BPA(20 mg l^-1) in the synthetic wastewater(p H = 7.5,σ = 10 μS m^-1) was degraded by the plasma catalytic system over 0.2 g l^-1 graphene/Cd S at 19...     

Evolution of plasma parameters in an Ar-N2/He inductive plasma source with magnetic pole enhancement

Magnetic pole enhanced inductively coupled plasmas(MaPE-ICPs) are a promising source for plasma-based etching and have a wide range of material processing appUcations.In the present study Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy were used to monitor the evolution of plasma parameters in a MaPE-ICP Ar-N_2/He mixture plasma.Electron density(n_e) and temperature(T_e),excitation temperature(T_(exc)),plasma potential(V_p),skin depth(δ) and the evolution of the electron energy probability function(EEPF) are reported as a function of radiofrequency(RF) power,pressure and argon concentration in the mixture.It is observed that n_e increases while T_e decreases with increase in RF power and argon concentration in the mixture.The emission intensity of the argon line at 750.4 nm is also used to monitor the variation of the 'high-energy tail' of the EEPF with RF power and gas pressure.The EEPF has a'bi-Maxwellian' distribution at low RF powers and higher pressure in a pure N_2 discharge.However,it evolves into a 'Maxwellian' distribution at RF powers greater than 70 W for pure N_2,and at 50 W for higher argon concentrations in the mixture.The effect of argon concentration on the temperatures of two electron groups in the 'bi-Maxwellian' EEPF is examined.The temperature of the low-energy electron group T_L shows a decreasing trend with argon addition until the 'thermalization' of the two temperatures occurs,while the temperature of high-energy electrons T_H decreases continuously.     

SURFACE SEGREGATION EFFECTS IN AL_2O_3 IMPLANTED WITH HIGH DOSE INDIUM

Implantations of 100 keV In ions to high dose of 6 ×1016 In/cm2 were performed into a-axis oriented crystals of Al2O3 held at a liquid nitrogen temperature. The implantation produced about 80nm thick amorphous surface layer. Isothermal annealing in flowing Ar gas ambient was done at the temperatures of 600, 700, 800, and 900℃ . Rutherford backscattering and channeling (RBS-C), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) have been employed to investigate the annealing behaviors.The indium shows anomalous diffusion in amorphous layer. The migration of indium was composed of two parts: (a) some broadening of In profile corresponding to diffusion within the amorphous layer, (b) segregation of In to surface to form In2O3 which appears as islands on the surface. When the ambient is made oxygen free, the segregated In is lost by evaporation at the surface.