Application of silica-containing nano-composite emulsion to wall paint: A new environmentally safe paint of high performance

A new emulsion-type paint was prepared by utilizing a nano-composite emulsion (NCE), which contained nano-size particles (ca. 60 nm in diameter) consisting of silica (inorganic core, ca. 30 nm in diameter) and polyacrylate (organic shell), and evaluated as wall paint. By applying NCE for the wall paint, about 35 wt.% of the organic content in the paint could be reduced in comparison with the commodity emulsion-type paint, which is highly effective to save the petroleum resources. The basic properties of the white NCE paint film on gloss, surface hardness, adhesion, and solvent resistance were evaluated and compared with those of acrylic emulsion-type paints as well as those of silica-containing paints which were prepared simply by blending the acrylic emulsion with silica sol. The NCE paint was especially excellent in solvent resistance. Then the practical tests were performed to evaluate its appropriateness as wall paint, which clarified the excellent antipollution property and the high flame resistance of the NCE paint.     

Glossy topcoat exterior paint formulations using water-based polyurethane/acrylic hybrid binders

The development of glossy topcoat one-pot exterior paint formulations using water-based polyurethane/acrylates hybrid binders as well as the assessment of its properties through different conventional tests is discussed in this work. Polyurethane (PU) anionomer having 2-ethoxymethacrylate terminal groups was prepared following a prepolymer mixing process. This prepolymer was chain extended in aqueous solution and after addition of acrylic monomers radical polymerized. Paints were prepared using titanium dioxide as unique pigment. Panels coated with air-dried paints with three pigment to volume concentration (PVC) values were subjected to standardized tests including adhesion, flexibility, gloss and color determination. Accelerated weathering tests were carried out to evaluate changes in properties, especially gloss and color, of painted panels. Solvent-based acrylic and polyurethane paints were included as high gloss quality reference coatings. It was found that air-dried formulations based on hybrid polyurethane/acrylic with up to 50 wt.% of acrylic component, show a gloss as high as 70 and the relative gloss change after accelerated weathering test is lower than the pure solvent-based acrylic and polyurethane paints.     

Structure and properties of multiphase particles and their impact on the performance of architectural coatings

Aqueous dispersions used as binders in low-pigmented solvent-free paint formulations have to cope with the challenge to simultaneously guarantee an excellent film formation and appearance as well as good block resistance and hardness. One strategy to fulfill these contradictory requirements is the employment of multiphase particles.

In this work it is proved that the structure of latex particles, synthesized by a two-stage emulsion polymerization process, can be correlated to the morphology and properties of the dispersion films as well as to the application properties of the corresponding paint films.

Two sets of model dispersions were made. In the first set, the hard/soft ratio was varied, in the second set the amount of the AA. The structure of the particles was determined by TEM, and a morphology map was derived. AFM demonstrated a clear correlation between the particle structure and the morphology of the latex film. Dynamic mechanical analyses verified the presence of two distinct polymers with the hard phase acting as a transparent filler. For the hard/soft series, the properties of the dispersion films such as block resistance, gloss and hardness could be attributed to their structure. A closer look on the block behavior revealed that it can be related to the tack and surface roughness of the dispersion film, but not to its internal strength. Solvent free emulsion gloss paints were formulated, and application tests performed. The properties of the paint films correlated very well with those of the dispersion films. The test results clearly show that dispersions of multiphase particles enable the formulation of solvent free paints with excellent film-forming ability in combination with high block resistance, hardness and gloss.     

Structure-property relationships of some polyfluoroether coatings

Conclusions  A series of fluorinated coatings suitable for low temperature curing can be obtained by the proper combination of fluoropolyether macromers with the cyclic trimers of HDI and IPDI. In all cases they are characterised by general excellent surface properties (easy cleanability, and antigraffiti performances), good weatherability and chemical resistance. Mechanical properties can be adjusted by proper selection of the polyisocyanate or mixing (formulation) of the single resins, typically the IPDI macromer gives harder coatings with very short tack-free times, while the HDI-based materials have a better abrasion resistance and reactivity at low temperature. Many mechanical and surface properties of Fluorobase Z coatings can be correlated to their distinctive polyphase nature. In particular, the high molecular mobility of the fluoropolyether chains linked to polar functions and their enrichment in the top layer of the coating surface may be one of the reasons for the excellent stain release properties. Applications may include any sector where a high durability and protection effect are required.     

粉末涂料用耐高温有机硅改性聚酯树脂的制备和性能研究

通过化学共聚改性的方法在粉末涂料聚酯树脂中引入有机硅,合成了粉末涂料用有机硅改性聚酯树脂,研究了有机硅中间体用量对改性聚酯树脂黏度、相对分子质量及其分布、玻璃化转变温度和热失质量的影响。并用其制备了平面和消光 2种粉末涂料,研究了不同有机硅中间体加量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明：有机硅中间体加量为 42%的改性聚酯树脂具有合适的玻璃化转变温度和黏度,制备的粉末涂层具有良好的附着力;在 350℃左右的高温下平面涂层具有优秀的保光率,加入云母粉的消光涂层则具有更好的弯曲性能。有机硅改性聚酯树脂在兼顾耐热性和平面高光的同时,又解决了使用纯有机硅树脂的价格偏高的问题,为市场提供了耐高温粉末涂料用聚酯树脂的更多选择性。     

Evaluation of Mesua ferrea L. seed oil modified polyurethane paints

Two types of stoving paints have been prepared from Mesua ferrea L. seed oil (MFLSO) modified poly(urethane ester) (PUE) binder systems. One stoving paint system was prepared from partially butylated melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin modified MFLSO-based PUE (70:30 weight ratio) and other one comprised of bisphenol-A-based epoxy resin modified with MFLSO-based PUE (50:50 weight ratio). Paints made with these two resin systems as binders were evaluated against the standard paint system. The physical properties of the paint systems viz. non-volatile content, specific gravity, viscosity, drying time, flexibility, adhesion, scratch hardness, gloss, etc. and chemical properties such as corrosion resistance, salt spray resistance, UV resistance, etc. were measured as per the standard methods and were compared. Thermal stability and surface morphology of the paints were also studied by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The performance characteristics of both the test paints were found to be comparable with the corresponding industrial standard paints. Out of the two test paints, the epoxy modified PUE-based stoving paint has been found to be preferred.     

汽车轮毂罩光用亚光透明粉末涂料的研究与应用

研究了高耐候亚光透明粉末涂料配方的消光体系、树脂的耐候性、消光剂的种类、流平剂的透明度、紫外线吸收剂对耐候性的影响,以及潜伏性促进剂的使用,制备了适用于汽车铝轮毂罩光用亚光透明粉末涂料,并研究了其在汽车铝轮毂涂装中的施工性和应用效果。还研究了汽车铝轮毂罩光用亚光透明粉末涂料与高光丙烯酸型透明粉末涂料的兼容状况和烘烤温度适应性,最终制备了可以和高光环氧基丙烯酸透明粉末涂料共用生产线的亚光透明粉末涂料,依据汽车铝轮毂罩光用粉末涂料各项指标要求,该涂料综合性能相当,且在健康环保、节能、成本和贮存稳定性方面更具优势。     

Waterborne silicone-organic hybrid coatings for exterior applications

Waterborne alkyd and acrylic resins can be modified with silicone intermediates to improve their weather resistance in paints for exterior applications. The alkyds are modified through copolymerization before dispersion in water, using formulations and process conditions that minimize the tendency to gel. Acrylic latexes can be post treated with selected silicone intermediates at ambient temperature to give hybrid coating binders. In both cases, the gloss retention and chalking resistance of paint films are greatly increased.     

纳米化聚丙烯酸系乳液在水性木器涂料中的应用

介绍水性木器涂料用树脂的类型、存在的主要问题以及水性丙烯酸乳液木器涂料的新进展。采用纳米化丙烯酸系乳液为基本成膜物质、并配以各种助剂,得到室温自交联水性木器涂料,其可挥发性有机物含量远远低于国家相关标准,漆膜硬度、柔韧性、耐水等性能优异。     

氧化锌基复合抗静电涂层的制备

采用钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-311w对ZAO导电粉体进行表面预处理．以丙烯酸乳液为成膜物质．制备了环保型复合抗静电涂料,将其喷涂于陶瓷表面．制备出外观光滑平整、附着力好、表面电阻在10^7-10^8Ω范围内的复合涂层,达到了陶瓷表面抗静电的要求。     

高光含氟外墙乳胶漆的研制

介绍了一种高光含氟外墙乳胶漆的研制方法,并从涂料各组分的角度阐述了润湿分散剂、增稠剂、顔填料、乳液等对光泽和其他性能的影响。筛选出高光含氟外墙乳胶漆所需的原材料,对含氟乳液的性能进行分析和概括,开发出成本低、性能好,用于建筑外墙的高光含氟外墙乳胶漆。多次优化配方,以实际检测和应用情况为基础,提供稳定性好、容易调色的外墙高光含氟乳胶漆生产配方。为研制高光、环保、高性能的建筑外墙用高光含氟外墙乳胶漆提供设计思路和理论依据。     

Effect of different polymers on the efficiency of water‐borne methyl amine adduct as corrosion inhibitor for surface coatings

Styrene/acrylic emulsion copolymer and water‐based short oil urethane alkyd resin were used as binders to prepare water‐based, environmentally friendly paints by using 0.5% emulsified methylamine adduct as corrosion inhibitor. The choice of the two above‐mentioned binders was based on the fact that styrene/acrylic emulsion copolymer is a nonconvertible binder, whereas short oil urethane alkyd resin is a convertible binder. The physical, chemical, mechanical, and corrosion properties of the paint films were evaluated and compared with a commercially known anticorrosive water‐based paint. It was found that the prepared paints have unique desirable properties such as the following: they do not contain anticorrosive pigments (which contain heavy metals in their main chemical structure); they are solvent‐free; and they can be produced to match any color. Corrosion tests on the films of the formulated paints revealed that the short oil urethane alkyd resin is superior to the styrene/acrylic copolymer. Moreover, the corrosion inhibition properties of the paint films prepared from both binders are comparable with the commercially available paints containing anticorrosive pigments. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 879–885, 2002     

Simple preparation of long-persistent luminescent paint with superhydrophobic anticorrosion efficiency from cellulose nanocrystals and an acrylic emulsion

Novel photoluminescent paint was prepared for safety marking purposes using an emulsion system composed of an acrylic polymer, cellulose nanocrystals and lanthanide-doped strontium aluminate (LdSA) nanopaticles. The effect of LdSA concentration in the paint formula was investigated. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have been an attractive reinforcement material that can be incorporated into protective coatings due to their distinctive properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and renewability. The produced acrylic/cellulose nanocrystals/lanthanide-doped strontium aluminate paints were applied onto different surfaces of asphalt concrete and tinplate panels. LdSA was developed in the nano-scale form as described by transmission electron microscope (TEM) to allow a better dispersion in the paint formula. The applied paints were studied by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), scan electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared spectra (FTIR). Both transparency and coloration measurements of the applied paints were investigated by luminescence spectra and CIE Lab. The resistance to scratching, hydrophobic and corrosion resistivity were investigated. CNCs were monitored to be a key component for the anti-corrosion activity. The best long-lived luminescence was monitored for more that 60 min in the dark for LdSA concentration of 12% w/w. The paints containing cellulose nanocrystals and sodium hexametaphosphate demonstrated satisfactory results upon mixing with acrylic emulsion.     

乙酰乙酸基甲基丙烯酸乙酯/乙二胺体系对室温自交联苯丙乳液性能的影响

为克服线型结构苯丙乳液聚合物的缺点,采用半连续种子预乳化工艺在乳液聚合中引入乙酰乙酸基甲基丙烯酸乙酯(AAEM),以乙二胺(EDA)为交联剂,获得室温自交联苯丙乳液。研究了AAEM/EDA体系对苯丙乳液聚合物性能的影响,以及在水性涂料中的应用。结果表明,该体系能够在苯丙乳液成膜时发生室温自交联,提高聚合物的耐水性、耐溶剂性、热稳定性与物理机械性能,并改善苯丙乳液涂料漆膜的光泽、耐洗刷性、附着力、耐盐水性与耐盐雾性。     

Use of polymers from biomass in paints

Furan and its derivatives can be synthesised from renewable vegetable resources using simple chemical reactions. The use of copolymers of furan as a replacement of petroleum-based polymers in latex paints could be beneficial if the price of petroleum rises substantially. We have therefore substituted these with furan-based polymers and studied the paint properties. The copolymers of furan and furfuryl acetate with maleic anhydride were incorporated into commercial latex paint systems as a replacement for petroleum-based polymers. Although the paints formed were slightly more yellow than desired, they showed increased hardness and resistance to water.     

Associative behavior of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl celluloses (HMHECs) in waterborne coatings

The associative behavior of hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) in polymer dispersions has been determined as a function of the composition of both the associative thickener (AT) and the latex. How changes in interaction between HMHEC and the latex influence the rheology of the latex thickener systems is discussed. Adsorption of HMHECs onto an acrylic emulsion strongly depends on the hydrophobe type and degree of substitution, as well as on the molecular weight of the associative thickener. The degree of latex adsorption is influenced dramatically by the stabilization system utilized, that is choice and level of surfactant and carboxylic acid content, in addition to the composition of the monomer mix. Rheological measurements demonstrate that HMHECs of specific composition can provide gloss emulsion paints with a balance of rheological properties, combining excellent levelling with sag resistance.     

HAA体系低温固化干混消光粉末涂料用低酸值聚酯树脂的合成及性能研究

通过考察聚酯配方中的二元醇单体的作用,研究酸解剂对涂层性能的影响,并在聚酯中加入特殊搭配的光稳定剂,合成得到了适用于制备羟烷基酰胺(HAA)体系低温固化干混消光粉末涂料的低酸值聚酯树脂,同时研究了粉末涂料的固化反应。结果表明:该粉末涂料具有较低的活化能,制备涂层可以实现160℃低温固化,消光光泽约为28,涂层具有良好的耐冲击性和耐老化性能,综合性能优异。     

Development of novel aqueous coatings which meet the requirements of ecology-conscious society: novel cross-linking system based on the carbonyl–hydrazide reaction and its applications

This paper reviews the results of our research on the reaction between a carbonyl group and a hydrazide group, especially the cross-linking, physical characteristics of the cross-linking system, and the reverse (decomposition) reaction. Discoveries in this investigation may lead to development of various novel products which would answer the requirements of today's coatings industry.

The reaction, which proceeds rapidly in aqueous media at ambient temperature, can be used in one-component cross-linkable latex paints offering many advantages, such as good water and stain resistance, without detracting the workability. Applications of this reaction to aqueous two-component emulsion paint were also examined and the possibility for practical use was envisaged.

Exploitation of the physical properties of dihydrazide compounds has resulted in the development of a novel curing system, namely, a “penetrative cross-linking process”. This process, where the paint films are cured by the penetration of a cross-linker, exploits three features of dihydrazide compounds to enable both easy penetration of the cross-linker and quick removal of excess cross-linker: low molecular weight, good water-solubility, and poor compatibility with paint resins.

With this cross-linking reaction the reverse reaction can take place under specific conditions. This finding leads to the development of decomposable cross-linked coatings which are desirable for the recycling of coated substrates.     

Interaction between styrene/butylacrylate latex and water soluble associative thickener for coalescent free wall paints

The effect of water soluble hydrophobically modified ethylene oxide urethane (HEUR) thickener on coalescent free wall paints was studied. Three systems were looked at: latex/thickener blends, model paints (containing no fillers that could have an effect on paint rheology) and satin paints (PVC 30%). The latexes used were a styrene/butylacrylate copolymer, designed for coalescent free wall paints. A full factorial statistical experimental design was employed to study the effect of latex and formulation variables on the viscosity response for the full range of shear rates encountered in paint application. The factors considered in the design were total latex surface area, polymerization surfactant level, thickener type and thickener concentration. The surfactant level was varied between 0.85 and 1.71 parts. The two HEUR thickeners were selected based on the manufacturer's claim that they exhibited good performance at different shear rates. The thickener levels were the extremes recommended by the manufacturer. Measurements were done on Haake, Rheometrics, Brookfield and ICI Cone & Plate rheometers. Total latex surface area and the thickener level are the two significant parameters for latex thickener blends and for model paints at the same significance level, this indicates good correlation between the two systems. The introduction of clay as a filler decreases the effect of all parameters studied.     

遮盖聚合物的制备及其在水性涂料中的应用

合成了一种中空徽球遮盖聚合物?采用扫描电子显微镜分析了所合成遮盖聚合物的形貌结构，并对采用该遮盖聚合物的水性涂料的配方作了简单研究。该遮盖聚合物在有光乳胶漆中可以部分替代钛白粉，降低成本；即使在工程乳胶漆中，加少量该遮盖聚合物也可以适当提高涂层的耐洗刷性能。