变频器调速控制在高速卷烟机供纸系统中的应用

概述变频调速控制的基本原理，讨论变频器控制技术在高速卷烟机组供纸系统中的应用。从实际应用出发，介绍PASSIM卷烟机组中滤嘴接装机PA的水松纸等张力供纸系统的设计思想。着重分析水松纸供纸系统所采用的等张力供纸技术，并给出了相应的水松纸等张力调速控制原理图。     

卷接机组接装纸张力控制系统设计

为解决超高速卷烟机组接装纸经刮纸器拉磨时容易造成漏气烟支等问题,设计了一种基于SIMOTION伺服控制的接装纸张力控制系统。该系统采用独立的伺服电机驱动接装纸张力辊、第一引纸辊和第二引纸辊,以直接转矩和定位相结合控制方式调节张力辊的输出扭矩和工作位置,进而控制接装纸与刮纸器的接触张力,改善刮纸器对接装纸的拉磨效果。以ZJ119超高速卷接机组为对象进行测试,结果表明:该系统能够满足12 000支/min的高速生产,漏气烟支总剔除率为0.06%,其中紧密度、通风度、吸阻不合格烟支剔除率分别为0.041%、0.010%和0.009%,烟支外观质量符合工艺规范要求。该技术可为新型超高速卷接机组的设计生产提供支持。     

基于机器视觉的烟用接装纸几何参数测量系统的设计应用

采用光学投影测量仪测量烟用接装纸几何参数,依靠实验人员的目测定位待测目标和数据判读,检测效率和测量精度较低,为此设计了基于机器视觉的测量系统.该系统以机器视觉系统为基础,由检测平台和计算机两部分组成,系统采用嵌入式MCU控制步进电机驱动检测平台,相机连续采集待测纸样的图像,分析得到图像中存在边缘或孔线时,系统驱动运动平台将待测目标移动至定位基准点,通过增量式线性编码器记录载物运动平台的相对位置,经过运算获得待测纸样的相关测试结果.实验结果表明:基于机器视觉的烟用接装纸几何参数测量系统能够满足接装纸检测行业标准的要求,实现了对接装纸纸宽、孔线宽度以及孔线距边宽度的自动化精确测量,系统对激光打孔接装纸的识别率为100%,测量精度优于0.02 mm.     

基于机器视觉的卷接机接装纸图像检测系统

文章提出了一种基于机器视觉的卷接机接装纸图像检测系统,以STM32为核心控制器进行卷接机时序同步控制,通过工业相机采集过渡鼓轮上的烟支图像,测量烟支接装纸长度,剔除不合格烟支,同时利用导轨标尺记录不合格烟支图像和检测数据。经实际应用,该系统检测精度优于±0.05mm,最高检测速度达12 000支/min,能剔除接装纸长度不合格的烟支,使烟支接装纸错长短剔除率下降到0.01%。通过频谱分析方法对误差波动的影响因素进行分析,能够实现设备运行状态和接装纸质量的评估。     

基于机器视觉的接装纸缺陷检测装置

为解决因接装纸质量缺陷造成卷接烟支废品率高等问题,基于机器视觉原理设计了接装纸缺陷检测装置。该装置主要由图像采集、图像处理、光源、报警及剔除等部分组成,在接装纸自动拼接器下方加装相机及照明系统对接装纸进行外观检测,并将检测结果输送至控制系统,完成对缺陷接装纸的剔除。利用定制的有缺陷标记的接装纸,测试机器视觉装置对刀丝缺陷和烫金缺陷的检测率,并与人工检测方式对比烟支外观不合格检出率。结果表明:采用机器视觉检测装置,较好地解决了卷烟生产中接装纸缺陷漏检、误检以及检测效率低等问题,刀丝缺陷检出率达100%,烫金缺陷检出率达96%,对不合格烟支的检出率显著高于人工检测水平,有效提升了卷烟产品品质。      

接装纸涂胶在线检测及剔除系统的设计应用

为实时监测并剔除因接装纸涂胶不均、位置偏移等产生的缺陷烟支,根据接装纸涂胶量对微波电磁场能量参数造成的不同变化,设计了接装纸涂胶在线检测及剔除系统。该系统利用微波介质谐振器振荡器产生的微波信号,通过微波PIN单刀多掷开关将微波信号分时发送到微波谐振腔作为检测信号,根据谐振腔输出信号幅度值的变化可判断出接装纸涂胶质量是否有缺陷。应用效果表明,该系统实现了在线检测并剔除烟支接嘴端、搭口端未涂胶,接装纸涂胶量太少,位置发生偏移的缺陷烟支,检测最小缺胶面积2 mm×2 mm,有效剔除率达到96%,从而保证了接装纸涂胶质量及控制精度,提高了烟支外观质量。     

高频电磁感应加热技术在接装纸鼓轮中的应用

针对MOLINS卷接机组中原接装纸鼓轮加热系统存在的缺点,采用高频电磁感应加热技术对接装纸鼓轮加热系统进行了改进。论述了高频电磁感应加热原理以及该技术在接装纸鼓轮加热中的实现。     

接装纸通风率数学模型在混合型卷烟设计中的应用

为了得到不同焦油量的混合型卷烟产品,考察和测试了一排、两排在线激光打孔条件下的卷烟总通风率、接装纸通风率、卷烟纸通风率三者之间的关系,建立了接装纸通风率与焦油之间的数学模型.结果表明:①在总通风率低的情况下,卷烟纸的通风率起主要作用;在总通风率高的情况下,接装纸的通风率起主要作用,而卷烟纸的通风率作用逐步减小;②对于低焦油混合型卷烟产品,特别是接装纸通风率稳定在45%左右的产品,应采用两排在线激光打孔;而接装纸通风率较低,焦油量相对高的产品,一般采用一排激光打孔;③建立了接装纸通风率与焦油之间的数学模型,通过该模型计算出接装纸通风率,再调整在线激光打孔的技术参数,可实现产品设计的技术要求.     

PA8-5接装机烟支规格改变时同步问题的解决

在烟支规格改变时 ,为了保持PA8- 5接装机与MK9- 5卷烟机、烟支供给与滤嘴供给、烟支供给与接装纸供给、接装纸供给与供胶等之间关系保持不变 ,对卷烟长度齿轮、接装机切割鼓轮、供纸辊、供胶辊和控胶辊等进行了改进 ,达到了同步的目的     

烟用接装纸原纸生产过程中毛布毛控制探究

通过对烟用接装纸原纸生产过程进行探究,并在印刷机处进行试验验证,同时利用印刷时高精度在线检测仪器进行扫描检测,证实了影响烟用接装纸原纸上产生毛布毛的关键因素是纸机二水毛布的真空度,在一定的范围内降低二水毛布真空度可以减少烟用接装纸原纸上毛布毛的数量,并且可以根据纸机实际的脱水情况,适当调整真空度来控制纸中毛布毛的数量。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the