Al_2O_3陶瓷表面化学气相沉积Ni涂层及其与Cu润湿性

将NiCl2·6H2O经过脱水干燥后得到的NiCl2粉末作为原料,采用化学气相沉积技术通过H2还原反应,在Al2O3陶瓷表面沉积了Ni涂层。研究了涂层的相组成、涂层与Al2O3陶瓷结合力和涂层与铜熔液间的润湿行为。结果表明:制备的涂层中的主要组分为Ni,Ni涂层均匀、致密,厚度可达40μm,且涂层与陶瓷之间的结合良好。座滴法测得沉积Ni涂层的Al2O3陶瓷与Cu之间的润湿角为30.15°,表明涂层明显改善了陶瓷与金属间的润湿性。     

超声波-电沉积Ni-Al_2O_3复合镀层的表面形貌及组织结构

采用超声波-电沉积方法在金属基体上制备纳米Ni-Al2O3复合镀层。研究了超声波频率、功率对制备复合镀层的影响。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对镀层微观组织、表面形貌进行观察和分析。结果表明：超声波的作用可有效解决纳米Al2O3微粒在镀液中的分散问题,使纳米Al2O3微粒均匀分布在复合镀层中,促进纳米Al2O3微粒与镀层基质金属的共沉积,并细化基质金属Ni的晶粒,获得了由镍晶（20~40 nm）和纳米Al2O3微粒构成的纳米复合镀层。     

Zr_(1-x)Si_xN纳米涂层的制备及其力学性能

采用直流与射频共溅射技术制备Zr1-xSixN纳米涂层。通过改变Si靶溅射功率控制涂层中Si含量,研究了不同Si含量对Zr1-xSixN涂层的物相结构、晶粒尺寸、硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响,探索了Zr1-xSixN纳米涂层的致硬机理。结果表明:Si的掺入影响Zr1-xSixN涂层的择优取向和相结构,随着Zr1-xSixN涂层中Si含量的增加,涂层截面的形貌由柱状晶转变为非柱状等轴晶,其结构的变化为:固溶体→nc-ZrN/α-Si3N4结构→非晶结构。涂层的晶粒尺寸在12～30nm之间。对于Si含量低于3.14%(摩尔分数)的Zr1-xSixN涂层,由于固溶强化作用使硬度随Si含量增加而增大,对于Si含量高于3.14%的Zr1-xSixN涂层,通过晶粒的转动和原子在晶界的移动能产生塑性形变,提高了涂层塑性形变能力,使得硬度下降。Zr1-xSixN涂层的耐磨损性能随Si含量的增加而增强。     

溅射Ni11Co26Cr6Al0.5Y涂层对镍基合金在900℃腐蚀行为的影响

采用真空溅射技术在镍基合金表面沉积Ni11Co26Cr6Al0.5Y纳米晶涂层,研究有、无涂层合金在900℃的75%Na_2SO_4+25%K_2SO_4熔融混合硫酸盐膜中的热腐蚀行为。结果表明:无涂层合金发生腐蚀,生成内氧化物和内硫化物。而Ni11Co26Cr6Al0.5Y涂层在热腐蚀过程中,表面生成Al_2O_3、NiCr_2O_4、Cr_2O_3和NiO氧化膜,仅在近涂层与基体界面区域存在少量Al_2O_3内氧化物。     

真空热压法原位合成铁基表面Ni_3Al涂层的研究

采用3Ni-Al体系通过真空热压法制备出铁基表面Ni_3Al金属间化合物涂层,研究了3Ni-Al体系的反应过程、涂层的微观结构和相组成、界面形貌及涂层性能。研究结果表明:3Ni-Al体系在真空热压过程中能完全反应,在Fe基体表面原位形成Ni_3Al金属间化合物涂层。涂层组织纯净、致密,与Fe基体之间形成良好的冶金结合。Ni_3Al涂层的硬度显著高于Fe基体的硬度,约为400 HV左右。     

化学镀法制备纳米级镍晶体和镍磷非晶合金及其表征

采用化学镀方法制备出纳米Ni和纳米Ni–P合金。X射线衍射测定出纳米Ni为面心立方晶体,纳米Ni–P为非晶态合金。TEM测定结果显示纳米晶Ni呈球形,粒径分布均匀,平均粒径为60nm,分散较均匀;纳米Ni–P非晶合金粒径分布为10~80nm,存在少量较大的团聚体。     

第二金属对Ni/Al2O3·SiO2催化重整制氢的影响

本文以尿素作为沉淀剂采用沉积-沉降法制备出NiM/Al2O3.SiO2（M=La,Co,Zr和Y）催化剂。研究第二金属La,Co,Zr和Y的添加对Ni/Al2O3.SiO2催化剂上乙醇水蒸气重整制氢性能的影响,结果表明：Co、La或Y能有效的提高Ni/Al2O3.SiO2催化剂的性能。TPR得出：添加La、Y或Zr能促使活性组分分散到载体中。XPS得出：La,Co的添加能极大地提高还原后催化剂表面单质Ni的含量。     

镍包覆Al2O3纳米颗粒对氧化铝陶瓷与铝之间润湿性的影响

采用Ni(NO3)2·6H2O前驱体液相包覆技术对纳米Al2O3颗粒进行金属化处理,经过干燥、加热分解和高温氢气还原处理后,前驱体完全转化为金属Ni晶体,从而获得镍涂覆的Al2O3颗粒。X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜和能谱分析结果表明:金属镍包覆在纳米Al2O3颗粒表面。包覆的纳米Al2O3颗粒经过热压烧结制备的陶瓷体与金属铝之间的润湿角为72.5°,明显改善了陶瓷与金属之间的润湿性。     

前驱体法合成氮化铝纳米材料及其生长机制EI北大核心CSCD

以尿素为固体氮源、AlCl3·6H2O为铝源,通过溶液反应合成金属络合物前驱体Al(CON2H4)6Cl3,前驱体经过1000℃煅烧,制备得到球形h-AlN纳米颗粒。研究了气氛压力及合成时间对AlN纳米颗粒形貌的影响及AlN的形核生长机制。结果表明:在0.1~0.2 MPa的N2压力下,球状AlN颗粒由<10 nm的等轴状细小晶粒与非晶相团聚而成,直径为320~460 nm;随着N2压力增至0.5 MPa,球状AlN直径增加至650 nm,团聚体中棒状AlN晶体出现,随着烧结时间延长,棒状晶尺寸增大,数量增加。AlN纳米颗粒由前驱体分解形成的AlCl3和NH3反应而成,随着N2压力增大,坩埚内气相饱和度增大,促进了AlN的形核与生长,使得非晶相含量减少,AlN结晶度提高。     

金属间化合物增韧陶瓷材料的效果与机理

金属间化合物作为结构材料近几年倍受众多研究者重视,但作为第二相物质与结构陶瓷形成复合材料的研究却相对较少.本文是一篇关于金属间化合物增韧陶瓷的综述文章,对重要的金属间化合物如Ni3Al,MoSi2等的性能特点,用其增韧Al2O3,Si3N4等陶瓷材料的效果、机理作了重点分析、评述.     

Microstructure and properties of niobium carbide composite coatings prepared by plasma spraying

Niobium carbide composite coatings were prepared on titanium alloy surface by plasma spraying NbC–Al₂O₃, Nb–SiC and Nb–SiC–Al composite powders, respectively. The phase composition, microstructure and formation mechanism of the three composite coatings were analyzed and their microhardness, toughness and scratch resistance were compared. The phases of the NbC–Al₂O₃ system did not change during the plasma spraying process, and new phases (Nb₂C, NbC and Nb₃Si) were formed in the Nb–SiC and Nb–SiC–Al systems. TEM results of the Nb–SiC composite coating indicate that the new phases nanocrystalline Nb₂C, submicron NbC and nanocrystalline Nb₃Si were formed during the plasma spraying process. Compared with the NbC–Al₂O₃ composite coating, the microstructure of the Nb–SiC and the Nb–SiC–Al composite coatings were uniform, and the porosity were relatively low, and the hardness was higher. The Nb–SiC–Al composite coating was denser than the Nb–SiC composite coating, the lamellar structure was obvious and the number of pores in the coating was the least, which is attributed to the better molten state of the composite powder by the addition of the Al to the Nb–SiC system. The Nb–SiC–Al composite coating had better toughness and scratch resistance.     

激光重熔NiCrAlY涂层研究

采用空气等离子喷涂技术(APS)将NiCrAlY粉末作为粘结层材料喷涂在IN718镍基合金上,再用5 kW CO2连续激光器对其进行激光重熔处理,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDX)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对等离子喷涂层和激光重熔层的微观组织与成分进行了比较分析.结果表明:应用优化激光重熔工艺进行重熔后,涂层...     

双镀锌铝合金镀层的组织结构和耐蚀性

采用"双镀法"在钢板表面热浸镀不同铝含量的锌铝镀层(Zn-5Al、Zn-11Al、Zn-17Al和Zn-23Al),利用扫描电镜和能谱仪考察浸镀液中铝含量对镀层组织结构的影响,采用电化学测试、中性盐雾试验等手段评价镀层耐蚀性的变化。随着浸镀液中铝含量升高,镀层表面由片层状交替排布的富铝、富锌共晶组织向富铝枝晶网络结构转变,耐蚀性逐渐提高。但铝含量过高(质量分数大于17%)会导致大量脆性Fe-Al-Zn金属间化合物生成,合金层厚度明显增大。     

Effects of Ta content on the oxidation and high-temperature tribological behaviors of (Zr,Ta) N coating deposited by double-cathode glow plasma alloy

ZrN-based coatings have attracted significant attention due to their high hardness and outstanding thermal properties. In this research, ZrN, TaN, and (Zr, Ta) N coatings with different Ta content (ZrTaN-1 coating with 30 at.% Ta content and ZrTaN-2 coating with 60 at.% Ta content) were prepared with a double-cathode glow plasma alloy (DGPA). The influence of Ta content on the phase composition, microstructure, mechanical performance, oxidation and tribological behaviour of the coatings was comparatively studied. The results illustrated that the (Zr, Ta) N coatings with different Ta content crystallized in NaCl-type structures. The lattice constants of the (Zr, Ta) N coatings decreased with increasing Ta content because the Ta–N bonds (0.227 nm) were shorter than the Zr–N (0.230 nm) bonds, which confirmed that Zr was successfully substituted with Ta. The oxidation resistivity of the (Zr, Ta) N coatings exhibited minimum mass gain values of 0.55 mg/cm², 5.12 mg/cm², and 17.08 mg/cm² at 650~850 °C with a Ta content of 60 at.%. The addition of Ta effectively reduced the thermal stress of the coatings and avoided cracking and peeling at high temperatures. In addition, high-temperature tribological experiments showed that the wear rate of the (Zr, Ta) N coatings at 500 °C was low and stable and was only 32.9% of that of the ZrN coating under the same conditions. This was attributed to the formation of a dense (Zr, Ta)-rich oxide on the coating surface.     

In situ TiBX/TiXNiY/TiC reinforced Ni60 composites by laser cladding and its effect on the tribological properties

Ni-based composite coatings reinforced by TiB_X/Ti_XNi_Y/TiC with different Ti6Al4V contents were precipitated on a 35CrMoV substrate via laser cladding. The phase composition, elemental distribution, and precipitated phases of the coatings were characterised using X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical and tribological properties of the cladding layer were also characterised. The results showed that the coating contained TiB₂, TiC, TiB, Ni₃Ti, and NiTi₂ phases with uniform elemental distribution and grain refinement. A schematic of the growth model and precipitation sequence of the reinforced phases was generated. The microstructure, elemental segregation, hardness, and friction behaviour of the cladding layer were significantly influenced by the addition of Ti6Al4V. The optimal microstructure and best mechanical properties were obtained by the addition of 4 wt% Ti6Al4V, with that coating possessing a hardness, average friction coefficient, and wear volume of 770.8 HV₁, 0.180 and 6132 um³, respectively.     

金属表面Ni/Al-13wt%TiO2/Al2O3梯度复合陶瓷涂层的腐蚀行为

为了解决陶瓷涂层中的通孔问题，把复合材料与梯度材料的主应用到陶瓷涂层，采用等离子喷涂技术在Q235钢表面形成Ni/Al-13wt％TiO2/Al2O3梯度复合陶瓷涂层，对其在沸腾的5％HCl溶液中的腐蚀行为进行了研究。结果表明，Ni/Al-13wt%TiO2/Al2O3梯度复合陶瓷涂层中的通孔率较单一层Al2O3陶瓷涂层显著降低，带有该梯度复合陶瓷涂层试样的耐蚀性明显提高，该涂层腐蚀14天仍未出现鼓泡削落现象。     

Microstructural and biological properties of nanocrystalline diamond coatings

In this study, the microstructural, mechanical, adhesion, and hemocompatibility properties of nanocrystalline diamond coatings were examined. Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) was used to deposit nanocrystalline diamond coatings on silicon (100) substrates. The coating surface consisted of faceted nodules, which exhibited a relatively wide size distribution and an average size of 60 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that these crystals were made up of 2–4 nm rectangular crystallites. Raman spectroscopy and electron diffraction revealed that the coating contained both crystalline and amorphous phases. The microscratch adhesion study demonstrated good adhesion between the coating and the underlying substrate. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed no crystal, fibrin, protein, or platelet aggregation on the surface of the platelet rich plasma-exposed nanocrystalline diamond coating. This study suggests that nanocrystalline diamond is a promising coating for use in cardiovascular medical devices.     

Structure formation during gas-detonation spraying of coatings from composite powders TiAl<Subscript>3</Subscript> and Ni<Subscript>3</Subscript>Al

This paper considers the mechanisms of structure formation during gas detonation spraying of coatings of TiAl₃ and Ni₃Al intermetallic compounds produced under equilibrium and nonequilibrium synthesis conditions. The coating sprayed from TiAl₃ has the same phase composition as the initial powder, regardless of the synthesis conditions. During spraying of Ni₃Al, the structure of the coating also does not depend on the synthesis conditions and consists of two phases — Ni₃Al and NiAl, with the crystal structure varying along the coating thickness. Comparative impact abrasion tests of the coatings showed advantages of TiAl₃ coatings over coatings based on Ni₃Al and titanium diboride. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 106–111, September–October, 2008.     

Nanostructure,mechanical and tribological properties of reactive magnetron sputtered TiCx coatings

This study describes the correlation between microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of TiC_x coatings (with x being in the range of 0–1.4), deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering from a Ti target in Ar/C₂H₂ mixtures at ~ 200 °C. The mechanical and tribological properties were found to strongly depend on the chemical composition and the microstructure present. Very dense structures and high hardness, combined with low wear rates and friction coefficients, were observed for coatings with chemical composition close to TiC. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, used to evaluate coating microstructure, composition and relative phase fraction, showed that low carbon contents in the coatings lead to sub-stoichiometric nanocrystalline TiC_x coatings being deposited, whilst higher carbon contents gave rise to dual phase nanocomposite coatings consisting of stoichiometric TiC nanocrystallites and free amorphous carbon. Optimum performance was observed for nanocomposite TiC_1.1 coatings, comprised of nanocrystalline nc-TiC (with an average grain size of ~ 15 nm) separated by 2–3 monolayers of an amorphous a-DLC matrix phase.