红枣的营养价值及其保健作用

红枣味甘香甜,风味独特,营养特别丰富,不但含有丰富的营养物质,而且还含有丰富的药用物质,具有养胃健脾、补血益气、和解药毒、保护肝脏、增强肌力等功效,可润肺、止咳、治虚、养胃。随着“药补不如食补”的观念逐步深入人心,红枣及其加工制品将有着广阔的市场发展空间。     

玉米的营养价值与人体的健康

玉米是一种世界性谷类粮食。长期以来,由于食法单一、加工粗糙,被人们列为“粗粮”。但是近年来,欧美许多发达国家人们尝到了食物过分精细的苦头后,玉米已成为一种热门的保健食品了。1 玉米的营养价值玉米的营养成分比较全面,一般含蛋白质8.5%、脂肪4.3%、糖类73.2%、钙0.022%、磷0.21%、铁0.0016%,还含有胡萝卜素、维生素B_1、B_2和尼克酸以及谷固醇、卵磷脂、维生素E、赖氨酸等。最新研究指出,玉米中含有一种抗癌因子——谷胱甘肽。国内外营养学家给予玉米很高的评价,认为:玉米中所含谷胱甘肽具     

黄酒的营养价值及保健功能

黄酒是我国的民族特产和传统食品之一。在各类酒中黄酒的价格适中，因此就成为了一种带有民族特色的大众饮品，我们在享受它的色、香、味之余，更应了解它的内在成分和营养价值，这样做对于振兴黄酒业具有重要意义。1黄酒中的基本成分黄酒的营养价值在于它是一种以粮食谷物为原料，通过特定的加工酿造过程，经酒药、曲、浆水中多种霉菌、酵母菌、细菌等的共同作用而酿成的一类低度原汁酒，酒液中的基本成分为糖分、固形物、有机酸、蛋白质、氨基酸，其含量见化验分析表1。这些基本成分含量标志着酿造酒的营养价值及质量标准要求，黄酒中的糖…     

首乌甜黄酒的研制工艺

黄酒是一种富含多种糖类、矿物质元素、维生素及18种氨基酸,具有特殊营养价值的低醇饮品,有着悠久的酿造历史,品种繁多,具有独特风味,曾深受国人喜爱。但相当一段时间以来,黄酒发展速度缓慢,市面上的黄酒产品大部分是长期变化不大的低品位产品,既不适应商品经济的发展,也难以满足人民群众的需求。开发研制营养、滋补保健功能性好、质量优、市场前景广阔、附加值高的功能黄酒新产品,是振兴黄酒文化的有效途径之一。为此,依据中国传统的中医药保健理论,结合现代医学和营养学的研究进展,在试制新工艺优质黍料麸曲甜黄酒的同时,选用首乌、枸杞等…     

蔬菜的营养价值与保健功能

蔬菜是指以柔嫩多汁器官或整个植株供人类食用的草本植物。有些木本植物的嫩茎、嫩芽以及某些食用菌类、藻类等也常作蔬菜用。我国是以植物性食物为主的国家,蔬菜在我国居民膳食中的食物构成比高达33.7%,在人们的     

干酪的营养价值及研究动态

本文介绍了干酪的营养成分及其保健利用，综述了目前我国对干酪的开发利用情况。     

野果的营养保健功能

野果有较强的适应性，有的营养丰富，有的药食同源，具有保健功效。近几年来，人们的饮食趋向于无污染的绿色食品，有丰富营养价值的特色水果及其保健食品倍受人们青睐。野果除鲜食外，更适合加工。鲜果可速冻或制成果汁、饮料、果酱、糖水罐头、果酒、果蜜、果干、果     

玉米的药用价值及其产业化开发应用

“医食同源”、“药补不如食补”,历来是我国饮食界甚或世界饮食界的共识。玉米,这古老而又平常的食物,在我国的农业结构调整、产业领域拓宽、外向型经济发展中发挥着重要作用。如何使其作用光大、恒久,研究玉米的药用价值,并对玉米的深度加工利用途径等进行探索研究,对食用玉米的育种、开发、应用等具有极其重要的意义。一、玉米的药用价值玉米,不仅在食品、工业、饲料等方面应用范围很广,而且也是重要的药用原料,现代医药工业以玉米为原料的药品有葡萄糖、青霉素、链霉素、金霉素以及麻醉剂、利尿剂等。玉米食品不仅美味可口,还含有多种特…     

玉米花粉多糖的提取与结构的研究

玉米花粉经热水提取,乙醇分步沉淀,冻干得到3种玉米花粉多糖粗品PPMA、PPMB、PPMC。PPMC经Sevag法脱蛋白,DEAE-Sephadex A-25柱层析纯化得到1种多糖PPMC-1,PPMC-1为单一均匀组分,由PPMC-1由葡萄糖、木糖、鼠李糖组成,摩尔比为7·08∶5·53∶1。高效液相色谱法测定PPMC-1的数均相对分子质量和重均相对分子质量分别为2·1317×105和2·2008×105。红外光谱分析表明PPMC-1中存在呋喃和吡喃两种糖环。      

玉米花粉破壁技术及其复合饮料的研制

介绍玉米花粉的破壁技术及以玉米花粉、百合为主要原料生产复合饮料的生产工艺和产品质量标准。     

Varations in maize pollen emission and deposition in relation to microclimate

The coexistence of genetically modified (GM) crops with conventional crops has become a subject of debate and inquiry. Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most cultivated crop plants in the world and there is a need to assess the risks of cross-pollination. Concentration and deposition rate downwind from different-sized maize crops were measured during three flowering seasons, together with micrometeorological conditions in the surrounding environment. Pollen release started once the air vapor pressure deficit (VPD) increases above 0.2 to 0.5 kPa. Moreover, the dynamics of release was correlated with the dynamics of VPD surrounding the tassels. Horizontal deposition appeared to follow a power law over short distance downwind from the source, and the dispersal distance increased with the source canopy height and the roughness length of the downwind canopy. This work also provides a data set containing both pollen measurements and contrasting weather conditions to validate dispersal models and further investigate maize pollen dispersal processes.     

动态超高压微射流技术在玉米花粉多糖提取中的应用

研究动态超高压微射流(DHPM)处理对玉米花粉破壁效果和多糖得率的影响.在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验确定了微射流均质破壁花粉和热水提取多糖的最佳条件:均质压力120MPa,微射流处理一次,料液比1:20,提取温度70℃,提取时间2.5h,提取两次,在此条件下,玉米花粉粗多糖的得率最高可达7.545%.动态超高压微射流技术破壁花粉比干法粉碎破壁花粉提取的玉米花粉多糖得率更高,且破壁效果更显著.     

Effect of fermentation on the nutritive value of maize

The effects of fermentation on protein, in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD), amino acid, total phenolics, phytic acid and colour values of four maize cultivars (two bi‐colour waxy corn and two super sweet corn), namely Jing Tian Zi Hua Nuo NO. 2, Jing Tian NO. 3, Bright Jean and Su Ke Hua Nuo 2008, were determined and compared with those of their unfermented counterparts. Results showed that fermentation caused significant increase in protein (43.5% largest increase), most kind of amino acid (131.5% largest increase in lysine content) and total phenolic content (23.4% largest increase), but significant reduction in phytic acid content (24.3% largest reduction) of four maize cultivars. The IVPD of four maize cultivars, except Suke2008, did not change significantly. Colour values of two waxy corn were resulted in the increase in a‐values and reduction in L‐values.     

Lax leaf maize: cell wall composition and nutritional value

Forage nutritive value, which comprises traits such as digestibility, fibre, lignin and protein content, is an important criterion for maize (Zea mays L) harvested as silage. Lines with a characteristic phenotype (‘lax leaf’) could be useful sources of genes for improved nutritive value in maize. A study was conducted to characterise the cell wall composition of the lax leaf line. Lax leaf inbreds and inbreds representing ‘normal’ maize were evaluated for cell wall neutral sugars, uronic acids, Klason lignin and phenolic acids in five tissues from the ear node and the internode above it. Acid detergent fibre (ADF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and 48 h in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) were predicted using near‐infrared reflectance spectrophotometry (NIRS) calibrated with a subset of the scanned samples. Lax leaf inbred tissues had lower levels of ADF, NDF, lignin and xylose and were more digestible than tissues from the inbreds representing ‘normal’ maize. It was not known whether the lax leaf phenotype resulted from alterations in nutritive value traits or whether laxness and nutritive value traits are independent from one another. A second study was conducted to determine the nature of genetic control of the lax leaf character and to determine the genotypic relation between the lax leaf character and nutritive value. A recombinant inbred mapping population was developed from a cross between the lax leaf line and an inbred line with stiff upright leaves. Whole‐plant samples from each recombinant inbred line were evaluated for ADF, NDF, acid detergent lignin (ADL) and IVTD of dry matter using NIRS. Laxness, measured by number of broken leaves, was associated with lower nutritive value in this population (genetic correlations 0.16–0.34), which was contrary to expectation. Amplified restriction fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify linkage groups associated with the lax leaf character, digestibility and fibre content. Several linkage groups were associated with both the lax leaf character and nutritive value. Where these characters were associated with the same linkage group, the lax leaf parent allele was associated with greater laxness but reduced nutritive value. The lax leaf parent allele was associated with increased nutritive value in linkage groups unassociated with the lax leaf character. While the lax leaf line may be a good source for alleles for improved nutritive value, selection for laxness will not likely be accompanied by improvement in forage quality. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

玉米黄色素的提取及应用研究

首先研究确立了玉米黄色素提取的方法和工艺条件,其次对玉米黄色素应用中的各种影响因素进行了分析,提出了应用的最佳工艺条件.