Oxygen Isotope Fractionation of Common RE Fluorocarbonate

ＯｘｙｇｅｎＩｓｏｔｏｐｅＦｒａｃｔｉｏｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＣｏｍｍｏｎＲＥＦｌｕｏｒｏｃａｒｂｏｎａｔｅＦａｎｇＴａｏ（方涛）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＡｃａｄｅｍｉａＳｉｎｉｃａ，Ｇｕｉｙａｎｇ５５０００２，Ｃｈｉｎａ）Ｒｅ...     

羟肟酸类捕收剂在稀土矿物浮选中的应用及发展

综述了稀土有效捕收剂羟肟酸的浮选性能及其在稀土矿物浮选中的作用机理,介绍了我国几大稀土矿应用羟肟酸选别稀土矿物的情况,讨论了羟肟酸类捕收剂在稀土矿物浮选中的发展和方向。     

风化型稀土矿的矿石性质研究

本文研究分析了产于我国两类特有的风化型稀土矿矿石性质。发现风化淋积型稀土矿中稀土赋存是以羟基水合离子吸附在粘土矿物上，矿石具有含水多样性，酸碱缓冲性，吸附稀土离子的化学稳定性和可交换性，稀土配分类型多样性及铈亏效应。黑色风化矿泥中稀土是以胶态沉积相均匀分散在Ｍｎ－Ｆｅ氧化物表面赋存，矿石是非晶相的含稀土泥状集合体，稀土配分是典型的轻稀土配分选择型。     

降低离子型稀土原地浸矿残留稀土的对策探讨

离子吸附型稀土矿是国家战略资源,加强稀土废弃矿资源综合利用、充分回收残留稀土资源是今后稀土研究领域重要研究方向之一.文章在总结离子吸附型稀土矿提取工艺发展演变的基础上,重点分析了离子吸附型稀土废弃矿中残留稀土原因及其赋存状态.研究结果表明,离子吸附型稀土废弃矿中残留稀土的主要因素有浸矿过程的浸矿盲区、毛细现象、风化不完...     

羟肟酸类捕收剂的合成、性质及在稀土矿物浮选中的作用机理

介绍了羟肟酸的合成方法和性质、羟肟酸作为捕收剂浮选稀土矿物的性能及羟肟酸类捕收剂在浮选中的作用机理,研究表明羟肟酸具有良好的选择性能和捕收性能,是稀土矿物的有效捕收剂。     

牦牛坪西部矿区稀土矿工艺矿物学研究

以牦牛坪西部矿区的氟碳铈矿为研究对象,利用 X 射线衍射分析、扫描电镜、光学显微镜、MLA矿物自动测量系统等分析手段对其进行了较为系统的工艺矿物学分析。结果表明,该矿石中稀土元素以镧、铈、钕及镨四种元素为主,总稀土氧化物（TREO）品位为 6.9%。该矿样中稀土矿物种类主要为氟碳铈镧矿,稀土矿物品位较高,属高价值稀土矿。其他矿物主要为重晶石、萤石、长石和石英等,其次是云母、角闪石及褐铁矿、赤铁矿等。矿石中氟碳铈镧矿、重晶石、萤石具不均匀中细粒嵌布的特征,需要细磨至 -0.019mm 才能达到单体解离。     

Effect mechanism of nonane-1,1-bisphosphonic acid as an alternative collector in monazite flotation: Experimental and calculational studies

Monazite((Ce,La)PO4)is one of the major types of light rare earth minerals from which the light rare earth elements cerium(Ce)and lanthanum(La)are economically ...     

Study on Adsorption of Rare Earth Elements by Kaolinite

Rareearthelements (REEs)werewidelyappliedtotracingthesourcesofmaterialsandtostudyingtheirevolutionprocessesinmanyfieldsofearthscienceinconsiderationoftheirsimilarityandsystematicdiffer enceinchemicalproperties .Furthermore ,lanthanidesarebothimportantprod…     

包头强磁粗精矿还原焙烧-磁性分离提高铁精矿品位及降低稀土、铌含量的研究

包头选矿厂现流程中强磁粗选铁精矿含稀土及铌矿物较高,用强磁精选分离铁与硅、稀土、铌,效果不很理想,稀土及铌矿物在强磁精选铁精矿中的损失率较高,对后续工艺回收稀土和铌都将产生较大影响。通过对强磁选粗精矿进行了还原焙烧—磁性分离的探索试验,取得了铁精矿含铁63.53%,铁回收率77.97%,其中含REO降至1.35%,Nb2O5降至0.16%,在铁精矿中稀土损失率降至6.04%,铌的损失率降至26.44%,分选指标较好。     

基于资源禀赋差异的稀土资源税改革效应及方向研究

2011年以来我国进行了2次稀土资源税改革,旨在完善稀土资源税制,调节级差收益,推动稀土合理定价机制的形成,促进稀土行业持续、健康、稳定发展.文中基于资源禀赋差异视角对比分析2010—2017年南、北稀土企业改革前后税负水平及改革效应,研究发现调节级差收益以及稳定企业税负的改革目标初步实现,但仍然无法准确反映资源价值差异及其变化,没有对构建稀土合理的定价机制起到明显的作用.文中建议稀土资源税的未来改革需统筹考虑稀土资源的特殊性和稀土行业发展的特殊背景,借助市场化的“资源拍卖”方式来实现稀土资源税的资源保护和价值体现的目标.      

Phase change,micro-structure and reaction mechanism during high temperature roasting of high grade rare earth concentrate

The deposit of Bayan Obo in Inner Mongolia is the world's largest rare earth element(abbreviated as REE)resource.The exploration of the theory of mineral formation of Bayan Obo is an important foundation for mineralogical research,and is the scientific basis for mining,industrial beneficiation,smelting and extraction,and processing and utilization.With the rapid development of science and technology,the demand for the utilization of rare earth elements is increasing,and the separation process between rare earth elements needs to be developed.The purpose of this paper is to provide high temperature experimental information for the formation and application of rare earth minerals.To this end,the mineral evolution of high-grade rare earth concentrates with increasing temperature and the migration of rare earths at different stages and their reaction mechanisms were studied.According to thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC),calcination was carried out at different temperature ranges,and the calcined products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron micro scope and energy dispers ive spectrometer(SEM-EDS)and other analytical techniques.The re sults are shown in this process,the ra re earth phase is first converted into rare earth oxide and rare earth oxyfluoride.As the temperature increases,Ca_5(PO_4)_3 F and a large number of self-shaped spherical Ca-RE-OF and Ca-RE-PO_4 particles are formed,and the separation of La and Ce elements is discovered.Acco rding to the phase diagram analysis,the production of Ca_5(PO_4)_3 F is due to the reaction of monazite and fluorite,and the phases CeF_2 and Ce F_3 are formed during the reaction.When it reaches 1500℃,barium ferrite is produced and a new substance containing Ba~(2+)is formed.     

四川某稀土矿磁-重联合分选试验探索研究

以四川某矿区稀土矿为研究对象,通过对矿石工艺矿物学的分析,该矿石中稀土矿物以氟碳铈矿为主,有较高的回收价值。其他矿物主要为长石和石英,其次是重晶石、萤石、云母等。为合理回收稀土矿物,对其分选工艺进行了探索试验,结果表明,通过磁选-摇床重选-再磁选的工艺流程,在原矿品位6.21%左右,闭路试验可以得到REO品位55.43%、回收率79%左右的稀土精矿,回收指标较好。     

电感耦合等离子质谱法测定离子型稀土原矿中离子相稀土总量

采用电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)直接测定离子型稀土原矿中离子相稀土总量,实验对浸取溶液、浸取溶液的浓度及用量、被测元素的同位素、样品酸度、内标元素、仪器的最佳工作参数进行了选择,建立了优化分析条件.单一元素标准加入的回收率为95%~105%,离子相稀土总量回收率为98.4%,相对标准偏差小于5%,测定范围为:0.010%~0.50%.方法准确可靠,操作简单,精密度和准确度都能满足分析要求.     

滇东南建水稀土矿稀土数值特征及研究意义

为查明建水稀土矿的稀土数值特征,在长岭岗岩体风化壳的黏土层、全风化层、半风化层、弱风化层中采集了82件样品,进行全相稀土氧化物、离子相稀土氧化物质量分数分析,包括全相稀土氧化物的质量分数、离子相稀土氧化物的质量分数、全相与离子相稀土氧化物质量分数的相关系数、全相稀土氧化物在各个风化层位中的变化系数、离子相稀土氧化物在各个风化层位中的变化系数、结晶相稀土氧化物的质量分数。经资料整理,黏土层、全风化层、半风化层、弱风化层中的稀土数值有明显差异。造成稀土数值差异的主要原因为:成矿母岩的风化程度,稀土矿物离解程度,离子相稀土氧化物的迁移富集程度。加强稀土数值的研究,有助于深化风化壳离子吸附型稀土矿的成矿机理认识。     

微生物技术在稀土资源利用中的研究进展

主要介绍了稀土资源的重要作用及利用现状,对我国的稀土矿分布及特征进行概述,并提出稀土开采存在的问题及微生物采矿的优势。回顾利用微生物进行稀土矿开采的发展进程,总结其研究进展,介绍微生物采矿作用机理的研究,主要包括微生物浸出、吸附和积累稀土元素机理的相关研究,以及稀土矿采矿微生物的分离方法及种属分布等。以中国白云鄂博矿床和澳大利亚Mount Weld矿床中的矿石为例,说明微生物对矿石中稀土元素的提取作用。简述微生物对废弃物中稀土元素的回收作用,及微生物利用稀土元素技术将面临的挑战,并对其未来进行了展望。      

基于模糊层次分析的稀土资源储备矿种选择

选择离子吸附型稀土矿A 类（富镧少钇型离子矿）、矿种B 类（中钇富铕型离子矿）、矿种C 类（高钇型离子矿）、包头混合型矿种和氟碳铈矿5 类矿种,运用模糊层次分析方法,从稀土资源主要矿种的生产、消费趋势、主要矿种的功能性、前景性、稀缺性、开采的环境危害以及环境治理难度等方面分析了影响选择储备稀土矿种的因素,构建了储备矿种选择的定性和定量指标体系.将定性指标等级分为5 个级别,通过专家打分,进行定性和定量分析后,计算了资源地封存矿种的评价分值.根据评价分值由高到低的顺序,确定资源封存储备矿种的先后顺序为:矿种C 类（高钇型离子矿）、矿种B 类（中钇富铕型离子矿）、矿种A 类（富镧少钇型离子矿）、氟碳铈矿和包头混合型矿种.该模拟计算可为国家决策部门选择储备稀土矿种提供理论依据.      

稀土树脂相分光光度法研究

在HCl—KCl(pH0.5)介质中,稀土—三溴偶氮胂二元络合物能较好地被阴离子交换树脂吸附。RE_2O_8在0～8μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律,以双波长等吸收点法(测量波长λ_1=650nm,参比波长λ_2=740nm)扣除树脂背景影响,应用于稀土矿中稀土总量测定,结果令人满意。     

REEs fractionation and sedimentary implication in surface sediments from eastern South China Sea

To get features of rare earth elements(REEs)fractionation,106 surface sediment samples from eastern South China Sea were determined for REEs combined with major and trace elements by ICP-MS.The distribution pattern of REEs,strong correlation between REEs and Al,North American shale composite(NASC)normalization all suggest a dominant crustal source for REEs in the research area.However, distinct fractionation among REEs was observed in surface sediment from area with water depth over 2000 m,confirmed by the strong positive correlation among light rare earth elements(LREEs)and among heavy rare earth elements(HREEs)but weaker relationship between LREEs and HREEs.Eluviation by Cl – might be a key role on the fractionation of REEs,comparing with factors such as grain size,co-precipitation with Fe and Mn hydroxide,calcareous and siliceous biogenic precipitation.The fractionation among REEs could be used as index to illustrate the sedimentary environment in reverse.     

超声波强化浸取离子型稀土矿中稀土

利用超声波的空化作用可有效强化南方离子型稀土矿中稀土的浸出,从而提高稀土浸出率并缩短矿物中稀土总量的分析时间。在20 g/L的硫酸铵浸矿液中超声浸矿30 min,可使离子型稀土的浸出率达99%以上,而传统搅拌法需4 h,甚至浸取过夜。超声法与搅拌法对干扰杂质铁、铝的浸出率相近,加入乙酰丙酮及磺基水杨酸等掩蔽剂后不影响EDTA滴定稀土时的终点判断,且测定结果与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定结果一致性好。     

Enhancing mineral liberation of a Canadian rare earth ore with microwave pretreatment

Liberation, as an attribute of mineralogy characteristic, whose impacts on finely disseminated Canadian rare earth ore was studied with microwave pretreatment. Samples of a light rare earth ore along with mostly ankerite and biotite as dominant gangue minerals as well as bastnaesite, strontianite and goethite as dominated minerals were exposed to further comminution by ball mill and microwave pretreatment fragmentation. Mineralogical characteristics were analyzed by using a mineral liberation analyzer (MLA). The results indicated that tight association mutually penetrates among dominated minerals in the range size of ?300 + 212 μm and ?212 + 150 μm and gangue minerals in the form of adjacent type, fine vein type, shell type and packing type. Temperature in the ore samples pre-treated by microwave can rapidly rise to 250 °C with microwave power of 0–1.5 kW and microwave time of 0–2 min. Applying the microwave pretreatment merely reduces the hardness of the ore causing the fracture of rare earth ore, but this does not transform or change the original mineralogy characteristics of the ore samples. On the basis of above study, the liberation value of bastnaesite, strontianite and goethite with microwave pretreatment is greater than with conventional comminution when the liberation class is above 75%. The distribution of particle size of rare earth ore samples is better with microwave pretreatment than with conventional comminution for particle size of 7.4 × 10^?5 m. With microwave pretreatment, the theoretical grade–recovery of bastnaesite, strontianite and goethite in the rare earth ore attains better results than with conventional comminution at a given grade.